2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷98（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.Warning and other signs blamed for two million accidentsNearly two million drivers in the UK have had accidents due to “Baby On Board” sign

2、s and childrens toys that obscure their view, according to alarming new research.One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia are to blame for a collision-equivalent to 1. 85 million of Britains 37 million drivers.1.The revelation triggered a warning by road safety charity Brake to c

3、ut down on clutter in the car.Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby On Board” signs are useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in the event of a crash.“This help can become a hindrance if drivers display signs when their child isnt in the vehicle，” she said

4、.2. “Worse still is the danger that can be posed by drivers blocking out their view by staining windows with lots of sign.”“Drivers1 priority should always be getting there safely without putting themselves, young passengers or other road users at risk.”3.A survey commissioned by price comparison we

5、bsite C found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety4.But 46 per cent admit doing so at all timesregardless of whether or not their child is in the car and 15 per cent confess they only have them for their novelty value.The poll of 2,

6、 000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a hazard and 33 percent say they are tacky.“There are benefits and dangers to “Baby on Board” signs. 5.They can offer useful information for nurses in the case of a crash but having too many novelty items displayed could be a safety i

7、ssue,” said a Confused, com spokesman.【答案】1.因此，道路交通安全慈善机构Brake提醒大家清理车辆的相关物品。2.“更糟的是，如果车主在车窗上散乱地贴了很多车贴，会妨碍视线，造成危险。”3.比价网站C开展的一项调查发现，37%的父母使用了车贴，其中4/5相信这能使行驶更安全。4.但有46%的受访者承认，不管孩子在没在车里，他们都会使用车贴，还有15%承认自己这样做只是因为新奇有趣。5.在遇到交通事故时，这种车贴可以为医护人员提供有用的信息，但如果车上贴了太多花里胡哨的车贴，就会造成安全隐患了。”2. 单选题“You try to get some sl

8、eep. Ill（ ）the patients breakfast,” said the nurse.问题1选项A.see toB.stick toC.get toD.lead to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。see to“注意，负责”；stick to“坚持”；get to“到达”；lead to“导致，通向”。句意：这位护士说：“你去睡一会吧，我会负责病人的早餐的”。A项符合题意。3. 单选题My brothers plans are very（ ）; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen

9、.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.aggressiveC.ambitiousD.abundant【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。arbitrary“任意的，武断的，专制的”；aggressive“侵略性的，有进取心的”；ambitious“雄心勃勃的，有雄心的”；abundant“丰富的，充裕的”。句意：我哥哥的计划很有野心，他想在16岁前掌握英语，法语和西班牙语。C项符合题意。4. 单选题His speech was careful and（ ）, but his words seemed to make no sense.问题1选项A.distinctB.distractC.dist

10、inguishableD.diligent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项distinct“清楚的，明显的，独特的”；B选项distract“转移，分心”；C选项distinguishable“可区分的”；D选项diligent“勤勉的，用功的”。根据句意“他的讲话仔细而清晰，但这些言语似乎毫无意义。”选项A符合句意。5. 单选题Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approa

11、ch this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectivel

12、y.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn”

13、 activities recommended by advocates（倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the g

14、reat debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Cant Read, Flesch indicted （控诉）the nations public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said-and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed_that another approach to beginning r

15、eading, founded on phonics（语音学）,is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it im

16、parts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.1.Th

17、e author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is（ ）.2.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because（ ）.3.One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is（ ） .4.The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3）most probably means（ ）.5.Accor

18、ding to the author, which of the following statements is true?问题1选项A.only logical and naturalB.the expected positionC.probably a mistakeD.merely effective instruction问题2选项A.it overlooks decodingB.Rudolf Flesch agrees with itC.he says it is boringD.many schools continue to use this method问题3选项A.look-

19、say is simplerB.Phonics takes longer to learnC.look-say is easier to teachD.phonics gives readers access to far more words问题4选项A.talk about shortlyB.start or causeC.compare withD.oppose问题5选项A.Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B.The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C.In

20、 phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D.Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a

21、great mistake. 但是依赖教育者来正确地完成这项任务可能是一个巨大的错误。”可知C项正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, 整字阅读法强调单词的意义而不是字母的意义，思考而不是解码”可知A项正确。3.细节事实题。由最后一段“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized wo

22、rds, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. 它提供了一套密码，通过这套密码，绝大多数英语中最常见的单词的发音都可以被学习，而不是建立一个记忆单词的相对有限的词汇。”可知语音学让学生学会发音的单词更多。故D项正确。4.词义题。由第三段“However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “th

23、e great debate” in beginning reading. 然而，在1955年，鲁道夫弗莱什在开始阅读时引发了所谓的“大辩论”。”选项中只有B项符合题意。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step. 语音并没有贬低思考单词和句子意义的重要性;它只是认识到解码是逻

24、辑和必要的第一步。”可知语音学习法认为解码是逻辑和必要的第一步。故C项正确。6. 单选题When I go out in the evening I use the bike（ ） the car if I can.问题1选项A.rather thanB.regardless ofC.in spite ofD.other than【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。rather than“而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；in spite of“尽管”；other than“除了”。句意：我晚上外出时，我一般骑自行车而不是小汽车。A项符合题意。7. 单选题（ ）elephants

25、 are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.问题1选项A.CultivatedB.RegulatedC.CivilD.Tame【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。cultivated“有教养的，栽培的”；regulated“约束，调节”；civil“有礼貌的”；tame“驯服的，乏味的”。句意：被驯服的大象与野生大象在许多方面有差异，包括性格。由wild可知此空应填与之意思相反的单词，故D项正确。8. 单选题The old lady has developed a（ ） cough whi

26、ch cannot be cured completely in a short time.问题1选项A.perpetualB.permanentC.chronicD.sustained【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。perpetual“永久的，不断的”；permanent“固定的，永恒的，不变的”；chronic“慢性的，长期的”；sustained“持续的，持久的”。句意：这位老妇人患了慢性咳嗽，不能在短时间内完全治好。C项符合题意。9. 单选题Mobile office is the mutual product of economic, scientific, and social

27、progress. Mobile office has become a solution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform (MIP )and its applications systems.When you leave your office to atte

28、nd meetings or travel on business, what would happen to your business routine? Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you cannot read them and make prompt reaction timely. When your clients need you to make some urgent modifications on your work and y

29、ou are neither in the office nor carrying relevant documents, what can you do? Maybe you have to say sorry to the clients. But your business will be affected, the clients will be unhappy and disappointed because of your delay, and you will lose a lot of business opportunities.In fact, very frequentl

30、y, you need to check, reply, distribute, display, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office move with you. Thus, you ca

31、n have convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime. With the development of communications technology, network application, and wireless interconnection, mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one mo

32、bile phone with data communications function. Thus, mobile office has already been put into your pocket, and office mobility has been realized.Mobile office has provided people with convenient, casual working environment, but at the same time it still has some unsatisfactory aspects such as mismatch

33、ing equipment interface and inadequate battery. Nevertheless, we believe that with technical progress, people can certainly overcome all kinds of difficulties. Mobile office will make your career unimpeded, and will realize the dream of completely free communication. Users will enjoy more colorful l

34、ife and better working environment, and users living standard, working efficiency, and even enterprises production efficiency will certainly be immensely raised.1.It can be inferred from the passage that（ ）.2.We learn from the passage that without mobile office,（ ）.3.The passage suggests that mobile

35、 office is necessary, especially when（ ）.4.Which of the following statement best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?5.In the eyes of the author, mobile office（ ）.问题1选项A.mobile office is the only way by which people could enjoy prompt and safe working environmentB.with the development of

36、 science, mobile office comes to our life inevitablyC.people had no convenient and reliable communications and office faculty beforeD.mobile interconnection platform and its application systems is the core of mobile office问题2选项A.you cannot put your business routine aside or attend meetingsB.you cann

37、ot read faxes and e-mails when you travel on businessC.you cannot make apologies to the clients for your delayD.you cannot catch any business opportunities because of bad working condition问题3选项A.you need to make some urgent modification on your workB.you need to read and reply faxes and e-mailsC.you

38、 are out of the office to attend meetingsD.you can put the mobile office into your pocket问题4选项A.When you leave your office, you should not forget your business routine.B.You will lose a lot of business opportunities if you always delay your work.C.When you leave your office, your business routine wo

39、uld be harmed.D.When you cannot meet the need of your clients, you should say “sorry”.问题5选项A.has some fatal shortcomingsB.is too expensive to affordC.would be realized in the futureD.has both advantages and disadvantages【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“Mobile office has become a sol

40、ution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform (MIP )and its applications systems. 移动办公通过移动互联平台（MIP）及其应用系统的支持，已成为一种为用户提供方便、及时、安全、可靠、价格合理的通信和办公能力的解决方案。”可知D项“

41、移动互联平台及其应用系统是移动办公的核心”正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“What would happen to your business routine? Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you cannot read them and make prompt reaction timely. 你的日常工作会发生什么?当然，传真和电子邮件仍然会发送到你的传真机或电子信箱，但你不能及时阅读并且做出迅速反应。”可知B项正确。3.推理判断题。由第三段“

42、In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, display, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office move

43、 with you. 事实上，当你不在办公室的时候，你经常需要检查、回复、分发、展示、修改或阅读一些材料。你必须摆脱这种困境。要想在任何时间、任何地点正常处理业务，又不让客户失望，最好的办法就是让你的办公室随你一起“移动”。”可知当不在办公室里时，最需要移动办公。故C项正确。AB两项都缺乏一个前提即人不在办公室。D项与题干无关。4.主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了当你离开办公室去出差或参加会议时，如果没有移动办公，你的日常商务活动会受影响。故C项正确。5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Mobile office has provided people with convenient, casual wo

44、rking environment, but at the same time it still has some unsatisfactory aspects such as mismatching equipment interface and inadequate battery. 移动办公为人们提供了方便、随意的工作环境，但同时也存在着设备接口不匹配、电池不足等不尽人意的方面。”可知作者认为移动办公既有优点也有缺点。故D项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:10. 单选题In our great socialist country, millions of ordinary men

45、and women are working selflessly to（ ）poverty and backwardness.问题1选项A.figure outB.wipe outC.carry outD.take out【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项figure out“理解，算出”；B选项wipe out“消灭，消除”；C选项carry out“实行”；D选项take out“拿走，去掉”。句意：在我们伟大的社会主义国家里，千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。选项B符合句意。11. 单选题With the help of the government, a large

46、number of people （ ）after the flood in 1991.问题1选项A.survivedB.suspendedC.sufferedD.subjected【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。survive“幸存”；suspend“延缓，推迟”；suffer“遭遇”；subject“使臣服”。句意：在政府帮助下，有很多人在1991年的那场洪涝灾害中幸存了下来。A项符合题意。12. 单选题Among the more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were H.A. W. Tabor and his second

47、wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not

48、 find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of l

49、ead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadvilles fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to “grubstake” pros

50、pective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”，while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. He did this for a number of years but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year

51、1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time wont make any difference,” He said and wen

52、t on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the

53、 shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117000. This turned out to be even mo

54、re fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT（ ）.2.The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means（ ）.3.Tabor ma

55、de his first fortune（ ）.4.The underlying reason for Tabors life career is（ ）.5.If this passage is the first part of an article, who might be introduced in the following part?问题1选项A.because Tabor became its leading citizenB.because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC.because it coul

56、d bring good fortune to TaborD.because it was renamed问题2选项A.to supply miners with food and suppliesB.to open a general storeC.to do ones contribution to the development of the mineD.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered问题3选项A.by supplyin

57、g two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB.because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC.by buying the shares of the otherD.as a land speculator问题4选项A.purely accidentalB.based on the analysis of miners being very poor and their possibility of

58、 discovering profitable mining siteC.through the help from his second wifeD.he planned well and accomplished targets step by step问题5选项A.Tabors life.B.Tabors second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.C.Other colorful characters.D.Tabors other careers.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“At any rate

59、, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said. 不管怎么说，几年后，他搬到了西部一个名为加利福尼亚峡谷的科罗拉多小采矿营地，当他成为那里的主要公民后，他把这个营地重新命名为莱德维尔。“这里肯定能找到

60、大量的铅矿藏。”他说。”可知有三个原因分别对应ABD项，C项“因为Leadville可以给Tabor带来财富”不正确，因为后来发现的是银矿，并且给他带来财富。2.推理判断题。由第二段“It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one wa

61、s discovered. 他的习惯是“喂饱”潜在的矿工，换句话说，就是给他们提供食物和给养. 如果发现了矿石，他可以得到一份矿石作为回报。”可知to supply是对该词的解释，故D项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段“The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After

62、nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment. 这两名矿工获得了价值17美元的补给品，作为回报，他们将他们发现的三分之一的股份给了塔博尔。他们在山坡上拣了一块贫瘠的地方开始挖。九天之

63、后，他们发现了一个丰富的银矿矿脉。Tabor买下了另外两个人的股份，所以这个矿就归他一个人了。这个矿，被称为“匹兹堡矿”，为塔伯赚了130万美元，回报是他17美元的投资。”可知Tabor的第一份财富来自于他给别人提供食物，然后别人给了三分之一的股份给他。故A项正确。4.推理判断题。Tabor的财富来源具有一定的偶然性，但也是基于他开创的grubstake模式，分析选项可知只有B项正确。5.推理判断题。全文花了大量笔墨写了男主人公Tabor的故事，其中提到了她的第二任妻子，所以如果文章继续写下去，接下来会讲述他妻子的故事。故B项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:13. 单选题Shes fainted. Throw some water on her face and shell（ ）.问题1选项A.come roundB.come alongC.come onD.come out【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析