2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷68（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The law exists in every civilized society so that Governments, the rich and the powerful can not（ ）their position.问题1选项A.abuseB.eradicateC.legalizeD.threaten【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项abuse“滥用，妄用（权力、所知所闻）”；B选项eradicate“根除，消灭”；C选项legalize“使合法化，使得到法律认可”；D选项threaten“威胁

2、，恐吓”。空格处为谓语动词，其宾语为their position，因此A选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：法律存在于每一个文明社会，因此政府、富人和权贵不能滥用其职权。2. 单选题Crowd control could soon become a crucial skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as important as physical strength or watching the weather. In a single day last week, nearly 40 people reached the top of the worlda rec

3、ord. Reports sent by satellite telephone from base camp spoke of queues at dangerous ridges and crowded as people passed each other in the final dash for the 8, 848 meters (29,129ft) summit.More traditional mountaineers sneer (嘲笑) at the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and the

4、re are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. Overcrowding has already taken its toll. In 1996, 14 died on the mountain when the members of several expeditions were trapped at high altitudes by sudden snowstorm. Bad weather in early May led to this years jam on the summit r

5、idge, but the toll, luckily, was light. Just four climbers died, including a Nepali Sherpa who had made 11 previous successful climbing.Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of expeditions to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. This years cr

6、op of summiteers included the oldest man, 64-year-oId Sherman Bull from Connecticut, and the youngest: 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal. An American with only one arm was on the mountain this year; an Indian with no legs also tried but to no avail. In the most spectacular feat, Erik Weihenme

7、yer, an American, became the first blind person to reach the top of the world. His fellow climbers stayed in front of him on the way up, describing the terrain and ringing bells.Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow; the government charges expeditions a minimum of $70,000. That is pro

8、bably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes, called by

9、the Communist opposition. Retuning climbers who thought their challenge was over had to walk from hotel to airport so they could fly home to the usual triumphal welcome. Tumultuous Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the crowd-control measure that Everest needs.1.What is important to climbers o

10、n Mount Everest?2.More accidents have happened in recent years due to（ ）.3.Several summiteers are mentioned in the third paragraph to show（ ）.4.The attitude of the Nepali government toward the circus atmosphere is（ ）.5.An anniversary celebration of the first conquest of Everest was cancelled due to（

11、 ）.问题1选项A.Watching the weather.B.Making a final dash.C.Psychological adjustment.D.Group management.问题2选项A.bad geographical conditionsB.carelessness of the climbersC.overcrowdingD.snowstorms问题3选项A.their courageB.their diversityC.their great achievementsD.their common motivation问题4选项A.indifferentB.wel

12、comingC.worriedD.concerned问题5选项A.overcrowdingB.political reasonsC.the returning of the climbersD.the lack of crowd-control measure【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词important to climbers定位到文章第一段中，由第一段第一句Crowd control could soon become a crucial skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as im

13、portant as physical strength or watching the weather（人群控制很快就会成为珠穆朗玛峰登山者的一项关键技能，与身体素质和观察天气一样重要）可知身体素质与观察天气对登山者很重要，因此选A。2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词accidents定位至文章第二段中，由第一段第一二句More traditional mountaineers sneer at the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are

14、 making the mountain more dangerous. Overcrowding has already taken its toll. （近年来，越来越多的传统登山者嘲笑珠穆朗玛峰周围的气氛，并警告说，人群正在使珠穆朗玛峰变得更加危险。过度拥挤已经造成了损失）可知C选项“过度拥挤”符合题意。3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of expeditions to set records and achieve “firsts”，rather than simpl

15、y climb the mountain.（传统主义者也担心探险队越来越倾向于创造记录并取得“第一”，而不是简单地爬山）可推测后面所举的Several summiteers例子是为了说明他们的动机，因此选D。4.观点态度题。“the circus atmosphere（马戏团气氛）”暗指“人群拥挤”。根据题干关键词Nepali定位到文章最后一段中，由Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow; the government charges expeditions a minimum of $70,000. That is proba

16、bly why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year.（尼泊尔将珠穆朗玛峰视为摇钱树；政府对探险的收费最低为7万美元。这可能就是加德满都官员忽视了过度拥挤的担忧，并谈论明年将有更多登山者到来的原因）可知尼泊尔政府将珠穆朗玛峰当作赚钱的工具，对人群过度拥挤的问题视而不见，因此A选项“漠不关心的”符合题意。5.推理判断题。根据题干关键词the first conquest of Everest定位到文章最

17、后一段中，由But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes（但Sir Edmund Hillary和Sherpa Tenzing Norgay举行的第一次征服珠穆朗玛峰48周年纪念活动，在暴力袭击后被取消）和 Tumultuous Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the cr

18、owd-control measure that Everest needs.（混乱的尼泊尔政治，似乎只是珠穆朗玛峰需要的人群控制措施）可知取消的原因是violent strikes，结合本文一直提及的“人群拥挤”问题，可推测violent strikes指的是“过度拥挤”，因此选A。3. 翻译题Translate the following paragraph into ChineseDeath is a subject that is evaded, ignored, and denied by our youth-worshiping, process-orient.ed society

19、. It is almost as we have taken on death as just another disease to be conquered. But the fact is that death is inevitable. We will all die; it is only a matter of time. Death is as much a part of human existence, of human growth and development, as being born. It is one of the few things in life we

20、 can count on, that we can be assured will occur. Death is not an enemy to be conquered or a prison to be escaped. It is an integral part of our lives that gives meaning to human existence. It sets a limit on our time in this life, urging us to do something productive with that time as long as it is

21、 ours to use.【答案】在一个崇尚年轻和发展的进步的社会里，死亡是一个被逃避、忽略和否认的话题。就像我们把死亡当作另一种需要征服的疾病一样。但事实是死亡是不可避免的。我们都会死去，这只是时间问题。死亡和出生一样，是人类生存、成长和发展的一部分。它是我们生活中可以确定将会发生的为数不多的几件事之一。死亡不是要征服的敌人，也不是要逃跑的监狱。它是我们生活中不可分割的一部分，赋予了人类生存的意义。它限制了我们这一生的时间，敦促我们利用这段时间做一些富有成效的事情，只要它是我们可以使用的。4. 单选题Teachers complain that English learners（ ）thes

22、e tests without being able to speak English on a daily topic and write a decent essay.问题1选项A.look throughB.carry throughC.sail throughD.put through【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项look through“逐一查看，浏览”；B选项carry through“（常指艰难地）做，完成”；C选项sail through“顺利地通过，轻易地做成”；D选项put through“为接通电话，使遭受（不愉快的经历）”。由these tests（这些考试）及

23、语境可知选C。句意：老师们抱怨说，英语学习者能顺利的通过这些考试，却不能用英语进行日常交流，写一篇像样的文章。5. 单选题Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an（ ）and orderly fashion.问题1选项A.incredibleB.internalC.intricateD.initial【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项incredible“不可思议的，难以置信的”；B选项internal“内在的”；C选项intricate“错综复杂的”；

24、D选项initial“最初的”。原句表示“虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的，但这些组织是以_而有序的方式排列的”可知C选项符合句意。句意：虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的，但这些组织是以错综复杂而有序的方式排列的。6. 单选题When（ ）at the door, she was given a warm welcome.问题1选项A.appearB.appearedC.appearingD.appears【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句的省略。在when引导的时间状语从句中，当主句与从句的主语一致时，可以省略相同的主语和be动词。此题从句中的逻辑主语为she，she与appear之间是主动关系

25、，因此用现在分词，选C。句意：当她在门口出现时，受到了热烈的欢迎。7. 单选题Dr. Smith failed many times but he finally（ ）to find a successful way to solve the problem.问题1选项A.broke offB.broke downC.broke outD.broke through【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项break off“（使）分离”；B选项break down“失败”；C选项break out“突然发生，爆发”；D选项break through“突围，突破”。根据转折连词but可知句子前面表

26、示转折关系，由failed many times（多次失败）与finally（最终）可知D选项符合语境。句意：史密斯医生失败了很多次，但他最终突破了，找到了解决问题的成功方法。8. 单选题He is very tired. He needs（ ）.问题1选项A.a good night restB.good rest of a nightC.a good rest nightD.a good nights rest【答案】D【解析】考查名词所有格。表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加“s”来表示所有关系，此处表示他需要一个晚上的休息，night为

27、名词，后面加“s”表示与rest的所有关系，因此选D。句意：他非常累，他需要一个晚上的休息。9. 单选题I decide to go to the cinema as soon as I（ ）.问题1选项A.finish what I didB.would finish what I was doingC.finished what I didD.finished what I was doing【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。“as soon as”引导的为时间状语从句，由主句的谓语动词decide可知主句为一般现在时，根据主从句时态呼应，即主句用现在时，从句也用现在时，因此选A。句意：我决

28、定一完成我所做的事情就去看电影。10. 单选题My professor brother and I have an argument about head and heart, about whether he overvalues IQ while I lean more toward EQ. We typically have this debate about peoplecan you be friends with a really smart jerk（怪物）?but theres corollary（推论）to animals as well. Id love it if our

29、 dog could fetch the morning paper and then read it to me over coffee, but I actually care much more about her loyal and innocent heart. Theres already enough thinking going on in our house, and we probably spend too much time in our heads. Where we need some role modeling is in instinct, and thats

30、where a dog is a roving revelation.I did not grow up with dogs, which meant that my older daughters respectful but unyielding determination to get one required some adjustment on my part. I often felt she was training me: from ages of 6 to 9, she gently schooled me in various breeds and their person

31、alities, whispered to the dogs we encountered so they would charm and persuade me, demonstrated by her self-discipline that she was ready for the responsibility. And thus came our dog Twist, whom I sometimes mistake for a third daughter.At first I thought the challenge would be to train her to sit,

32、to heel, to walk calmly beside us and not go wildly chasing the neighbourhood rabbits. But I soon discovered how much more we had to learn from her than she from us.If it is true, for example, that the secret to a childs success is less rare genius than raw persistence, Twists ability to stay on tas

33、k is a model for us all, especially if the task is trying to capture the sunbeam that flicks（忽然摇动）around the living room as the wind blows through the branches outside. She never succeeds, and she never gives up. This includes when she runs square into walls.Then there is her unfailing patience, whi

34、ch breaks down only when she senses that dinnertime was 15 minutes ago and we have somehow failed to notice. Even then she is more eager than indignant （愤愤不平）, and her refusal to whine shows a restraint of which Im not always capable when hungry.But the lesson I value most is the one in forgiveness,

35、 and Twist first offered this when she was still very young. When she was about 7 months old, we took her to the vet（兽医）to be sprayed（切除卵巢）.We turned her over to a stranger, who proceeded to perform a procedure that was probably not pleasant, But when the vet returned her to us, limp and tender, the

36、re was no recrimination（反责）, no How could you do that to me? It was as though she really knew that we could not intentionally cause her pain, and while she did not understand, she forgave and curled up with her head on my daughters lap.I suppose we could have concluded that she was just blindly loya

37、l and docile（温顺的）. But eventually we knew better. She is entirely capable of disobedience, as she has proved many times. She will ignore us when there are more interesting things to look at, rebuke us when we are careless, bark into the twilight when she has urgent messages to send. But her patience

38、 with our failings and fickleness（浮躁）and her willingness to give us a second chance are a daily lesson in gratitude.My friends who grew up with dogs tell me how when they were teenagers and trusted no one in the world, they could tell their dog all their secrets. It was the one friend who would not

39、gossip or betray, could provide in the middle of the night the soft, unbegrudging（不勉强的）comfort and peace that adolescence conspires to disrupt. An age that is all about growth and risk needs some anchors and weights, a model of steadfastness when all else is in flux（处于不断变化中）. Sometimes I think Twist

40、s devotion keeps my girls on a benevolent leash, one that hangs quietly at their side as they trot along but occasionally yanks（猛拉）them back to safety and solid ground.Weve weighed so many decisions so carefully in raising our daughterswhat school to send them to and what church to attend, when to g

41、ive them cell phones and with what precautions. But when it comes to what really shapes their character and binds our family, I never would have thought we would owe so much to its smallest member.1.In the first paragraph, the author suggests that（ ）.2.According to the passage , all the following ar

42、e Twists characteristics EXCEPT（ ）.3.According to the context, the meaning of the word “square ” is closet to（ ）.4.That “Twists devotion keeps my girls on a benevolent leash” means that（ ）.5.What does the author try to express in the last paragraph?问题1选项A.a person can either have a high IQ or a low

43、EQB.her professor brother cares too much about IQC.we need examples of how to follow ones heartD.she prefers dogs that are clever and loyal问题2选项A.resignationB.patienceC.forgivenessD.tenacity问题3选项A.fastB.straightC.blindlyD.stubbornly问题4选项A.Twist is capable of looking after the girlsB.Twist and the gi

44、rls have become friendsC.Twist knows how to follow the girlsD.Twists loyalty helps the girls grow up问题5选项A.Difficulties in raising her children.B.Worries about what to buy for kids.C.Gratitude to Twist for her role.D.Concerns about schooling and religion.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第

45、一段中的Where we need some role modeling is in instinct, and thats where a dog is a roving revelation.（我们需要一些角色楷模是本能的，而在这一点上，狗就是一个很好的体现）可知C选项“我们需要如何遵循自己内心的例子”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由第二段中的And thus came our dog Twist可知Twist是一只狗，第四至第六段的每段句首分别提到了狗的raw persistence（坚持，锲而不舍 ）、unfailing patience（坚韧不拔的耐心）和forgiveness（宽恕）特

46、征，故排除B（耐心）、C（宽恕）、D（坚韧）选项，因此A选项“顺从”符合题意。3.词义题。根据题干关键词square定位到文章第四段中的This includes when she runs square into walls，由前面的especially if the task is trying to capture the sunbeam that flicks（忽然摇动）around the living room as the wind blows through the branches outside（特别是如果任务是捕捉阳光，当风吹过外面的树枝时，阳光在起居室周围忽然摇动）可推

47、测此“狗是直接朝墙上的阳光跑去”较符合语境，square作副词时，表示“正对着地，径直地”，因此选B。4.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段中介绍了狗伴随着朋友的青春期成长，认为狗最忠诚的伙伴，由此联想到狗Twist对女儿们的忠诚，伴随着她们长大，因此D选项“Twist的忠诚有助于女孩们成长”符合题意。5.推理判断题。由But when it comes to what really shapes their character and binds our family, I never would have thought we would owe so much to its smallest m

48、ember.（但说到真正塑造她们的性格和使家庭融洽时，我从来没想到我们会欠这位最小的家庭成员这么多）可知作者已将Twist当作家庭中的一员，感激她所做的贡献，因此C选项“感谢Twist扮演的角色”符合题意。11. 翻译题Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.如果使用得当，恐惧和与之相伴的痛苦是人类和动物拥有的最有用的两样东西。如果火烧到时不会疼痛，孩子们会一直玩火直到烧掉双手。同样地，如果只有痛苦而没有恐惧，一个孩子会一次又一次地用火烧自己，因为恐惧不会警告他远离曾经烧到他的火。一个真

49、正无畏的士兵的确存在这样的人不是一个好士兵，因为他很快就会被杀死。而一个死掉的士兵对他的军队没有任何用处。所以恐惧和痛苦是两位保镖，人类和动物没有它们就会很快灭亡。重要的不是让恐惧控制你，而是要用恐惧来做你的仆人和向导。【答案】Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess if they are properly used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play it until the

50、ir hands were burnt away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself again and again, because fear would not warn the child to keep away from the fire that had burnt him or her before. A really fearless soldierand some do existis not a good soldier because he is soon kill

51、ed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out. The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead to use fear as your servant and guide.12. 翻译题Translate the following paragraph into English电子邮件对我们职业生

52、涯和个人生活的影响非同一般。相隔千里的人们可以在短短 的几秒钟之内发送并接受详尽的文件资料。这就使得人们能够以一种前所未有的方式齐 心协力，共同承担大量的工程项目。通过电子邮件与国外的人通信、交换文件已成为司 空见惯的事情。唯一的障碍是时区的不同。【答案】The effect of e-mail on our career and personal life is extraordinary. People thousands of miles way away from each can send and receive detailed documents within just a fe

53、w seconds. This allow people to work together and jointly undertake a great deal of projects in an unprecedented way. It has become a common practice to communicate and exchange files with people overseas by e-mail. The only obstacle is the difference in time zones.13. 单选题To （ ）important dates in hi

54、story, countries create special holidays.问题1选项A.commendB.memorizeC.propagateD.commemorate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项commend“表扬，推荐”；B选项memorize“记忆，记住”；C选项propagate“传播，繁殖”；D选项commemorate“纪念，庆祝”。根据important dates（重要日期）可知D选项最符合逻辑。句意：为了纪念历史上的重要日期，国家会设立特别假日。14. 单选题The children have a more（ ）view, only taking in c

55、onsideration what will work.问题1选项A.pragmaticB.drearyC.maritalD.dominant【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pragmatic“实用的，讲求实效的”；B选项 dreary“令人沮丧的，沉闷的”；C选项marital“婚姻的，夫妻关系的”；D选项dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占优势的”。由后面的“only taking in consideration what will work（只有考虑到什么才能起作用）”可知A选项最符合逻辑搭配。句意：孩子们有一个更实用的观点，只考虑什么会起作用。15. 单选题A youn

56、g man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it（ ）in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.问题1选项A.reflectsB.retainsC.radiatesD.rouses【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reflect“反射（光、热、声或影像）”；B选项retain“保持”；C选项radiate“辐射，发射”；D选项rouse“唤醒，激起（某种情感）”。句中的it 指代前面

57、的sunset，根据语境，可知选D，表示“the emotion that it rouses（日落激起的情感）”。句意：一个年轻人看到日落，无法理解或表达它在他心中激起的情感，他得出结论，日落想必是通往遥远世界的大门。16. 单选题The old couple decided to（ ）a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.问题1选项A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“使适合（新用途、新情况），适应（新情况）”；B选项bring“带来，

58、引起，导致”；C选项receive“拿到，接到，受到”；D选项adopt“收养，领养，采用”。此处表示这对老夫妇决定领养一男一女，因此选D。句意：这对老夫妇决定收养一男一女，尽管他们自己有三个孩子。17. 单选题If the building project（ ）by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.问题1选项A.being completedB.is completedC.to be completedD.completed【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。从句中已有谓语动词is

59、 delayed，空格处为非谓语动词，排除B选项。A选项being completed表示正在进行的被动；C选项to be completed表示将来的被动；D选项completed表示一般被动。根据by the end of this month（到本月底）可知此处是对将来的假设，因此选C。句意：如果这个建筑工程在本月底之前竣工的计划被推迟，该建筑公司将被罚款。18. 单选题The close relationship between poetry and music scarcely needs to be argued. Both are aural modes which employ

60、 rhythm, rhyme, and pitch as major devices; to these the one adds linguistic meaning, connotation, and various traditional figures, and the other can add, at least in theory, all of these plus harmony, counterpoint （对位）, and orchestration techniques. In English the two are closely bound historically

61、. Anglo-Saxon heroic poetry seems certainly to have been read or chanted to a harpists （竖琴师）accompaniment; the verb used in Beowulf for such a performance, the Finn episode （逸事）,is singan, to sing, and the noun gyd, song. A major source of the lyric tradition in English poetry is the songs of the tr

62、oubadours.The distance between the gyd in Beowulf and the songs of Leonard Cohen or Bob Dylan may seem great, but is one of time rather than aesthetics. The lyric poem as a literary work and the lyrics of a popular song are both still essentially the same thing: poetry. Whether the title of the work

63、 be Gerontion, or You Aint Nothin. But a Hound Dog, our criteria for evaluating the work must remain the same.The most important prerequisite （先决条件）for both a significant poem and significant lyrics in a popular song is that the writer be faithful to his own personal vision or to the vision of the poem he is writing. Skill and craft for writing poetry