2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷66（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-苏州大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题A healthy and better-educated new generation is a （ ）for sustainable economic and social development of all countries.问题1选项A.guaranteeB.securityC.demandD.prospective【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。Guarantee “保证”；security “安全”；demand “需要”；prospective “预期，展望”。句意：健康、受良好教育的新一代是各国

2、经济社会可持续发展的保障。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to （ ）the impact of the oil spill.问题1选项A.rejectB.belittleC.minimizeD.reclaim【答案】C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE动词词义辨析。reject “拒绝”；belittle “轻视，贬低”；minimize “最小化”；reclaim “开拓，回收利用”。句意：环保

3、人士正在尽其所能将石油泄漏的影响降到最低。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid 1920s.We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried a

4、bout inferior races polluting Americas bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort of newcomers. Their loudest cites argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist v

5、iews were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Alt

6、hough children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue. Indeed, the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Mich

7、igan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants, Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Ame

8、ricans are increasingly relegated to （降入）segregated，substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is

9、how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about a

10、ssimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, dont forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have be

11、en here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.36. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?37. What does the author thi

12、nk of the new immigrants?38. What does Edward Telles research say about Mexican-Americans?39. What should be done to help the new immigrants?40. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is （ ）.问题1选项A.They were of inferior races.B.They were a Source of political corruption.C.

13、They were a threat to the nations security.D.They were part of the nations bloodstream.问题2选项A.They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B.They can do just as well as their predecessors.C.They will be very disappointed on the new land.D.They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.问题3选项A.They

14、may slow improve from generation to generation.B.They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C.They will melt into the African-American community.D.They may forever remain poor and underachieving.问题4选项A.Rid them of their inferiority complex.B.Urge them to adopt American customs.C.Prevent

15、them from being marginalized.D.Teach them standard American English.问题5选项A.how to deal with people entering the U.S. without documentsB.how to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC.how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the corderD.how to limit the number of immigrants to enter

16、the U.S.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】第1题:36.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting Americas bloodstream.”，可知他们不会回到国会公开担心劣等种族污染美国血统的时代。可判断出美国国会早期是将移民看待为一种劣等种族。选项A符合题意。37.作者态度题。根据文章第三段，“In time, Italians, Romanians and mem

17、bers of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.”，可知随着时间的推移，意大利人、罗马尼亚人和其他所谓劣等种族的成员成为了美国人的楷模，他们为建设这个伟大的国家

18、做出了巨大的贡献。这些新移民也能够取得同样的成功。可判断出作者认为新的移民者可以做得和他们的前辈一样好。选项B符合题意。38.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and underachievement.”，可知Tells担心墨西哥裔美国人可能注定要步

19、美国黑人的后尘，大部分人可能会陷入贫穷和不好的境地。可判断出Tells认为他们可能永远贫穷，没有成就。选项D符合题意。39.细节理解题。根据文章第五段，“we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, dont forever remain marginalized within these shores.”，可知我们还应该问一些更广泛的问题，关于同化，关于如何确保人们作为外来者不会永远被边缘化。可判断出我们要帮助新的移

20、民者就是要防止他们被边缘化。选项C符合题意。40.作者态度题。根据文章最后一段， “That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations.”，可知这是一个比非法移民问题更大的问题，也比如何最好地保卫国土问题更大。这个问题不仅影响新移民，

21、也影响已经在这里生活了的几代人。结合文章内容，可知这个问题就是如何帮助移民更好地融入美国社会。选项B符合题意。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:4. 单选题Cambridge is （ ）the best university in Europe and among the worlds top ten.问题1选项A.in most casesB.on most countsC.under most conditionsD.with most prospects【答案】C【解析】短语辨析。in most cases “在大多数情况下”；under most conditions “在大多数情况、

22、条件下”，没有选项B和D的搭配，可排除。句意：剑桥大学在大多数情况下都是欧洲最好的大学，也是世界排名前十的大学之一。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题Employees are （ ）to join the companys pension plan after a years service.问题1选项A.compelledB.acquiredC.respondedD.rejected【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。compel “强迫，迫使”；acquire “获得”；respond “回应”；reject “拒绝”。句意：雇员被强制要求在工作一年后，必须参加公司的养老金计划。选项A符合题意。6

23、. 单选题No form of government in the world is （ ）; each system reflects the history and present needs of the region or the nation.问题1选项A.dominantB.influentialC.integralD.drastic【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。dominant “显性的，占优势的，统治的”；influential “有影响力的”；integral “积分的，完整的”；drastic “激烈的，猛烈的”。句意：世界上没有任何一种政体是占统治地位的，每一种制度都

24、反映了该地区或民族的历史和现实需要。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题They managed to （ ） the enemys secret telegram and thus were able to win the victory.问题1选项A.decomposeB.decodeC.enlightenD.enclose【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。Decompose “分解，腐烂”；decode “解密，破译”；enlighten “启示”；enclose “围绕，装入”。句意：他们设法破译了敌人的密电，从而赢得了胜利。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题Some modem anthropolo

25、gists hold that biological evolution （ ）not only human morphology but also human behavior.问题1选项A.has relatedB.is relatedC.is shapedD.has shaped【答案】D【解析】语法题。relate “有联系”；shape “形成，塑造”，根据句子结构，evolution和动词之间为主动关系，所以不用被动语态，选项B和C可排除。句意：一些现代人类学家认为，生物进化不仅塑造了人类的形态，而且还塑造了人类的行为。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题The arts and Craf

26、t movement in the United States are responsible for （ ） change in attitudes toward the decorative arts, then considered the minor or household arts.问题1选项A.smashingB.sleepingC.sweepingD.switching【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。smashing “极好的，猛烈的”；sleeping “睡着的”；sweeping “影响广泛的，规模大的”；switching “开关，动词的-ing形式”。句意：美国的艺术

27、和工艺运动使人们对装饰艺术的态度发生了翻天覆地的变化，它考虑到低层次的艺术或家庭艺术。选项C符合题意。10. 单选题The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence because college will help them earn more money become “better” people,

28、 and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are sell

29、ing shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each others experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observe

30、rs say the fault is with the young people themselvesthey are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But thats a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesnt explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. Weve been told that young people have

31、to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college ma

32、y not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesnt make people intell

33、igent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn thingsmaybe its just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-leaning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have bee

34、n successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.1.According to the author （ ）.2.In the 2nd paragraph, “those who dont

35、 fit the pattern” refers to （ ）.3.The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because （ ）.4.According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that （ ）.5.In this passage the author argues that （ ）.问题1选项A.people used to question the value of college educati

36、onB.people used to have full confidence in higher educationC.all high school graduates chose to go to collegeD.very few high school graduates chose to go to college问题2选项A.high school graduates who arent suitable for college educationB.college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC.colleg

37、e students who arent any better for their higher educationD.high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college问题3选项A.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB.many young people are required to join the armyC.young people have little motivation in pursuin

38、g a higher educationD.young people dont like the intense competition for admission to graduate school问题4选项A.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduatesB.high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC.too many students have to earn their own livingD.c

39、ollege administrators encourage students to drop out问题5选项A.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school graduatesB.college education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC.college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning

40、 peopleD.intelligent people may learn quicker if they dont go to college【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一句，“The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation.”，可知大学已经被超过一代的人们毫无疑问的接受了。可判断出人们过去总是对高等教育充满信心。选项B符合题意。2.语义理解题。根据文章第一句，“And now that close to hal

41、f our high school graduates are attending those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious.”，可知近一半的高中毕业生就读于那些不符合这种模式的学校，人数越来越多，现象也越来越明显。下文紧接着用例子说明了这种现象。可判断出those who dont fit the pattern是指那些没有因为高等教育而变得更好的大学生们。选项C符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句，“Others find no stimulation in their

42、 studies and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.”，可知另一些人在学习中找不到激励和鼓舞而辍学通常是受到大学管理者的鼓励。可判断出大学生的辍学率似乎在上升的原因在于年轻人很少有追求高等教育的动力。选项C符合题意。4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Weve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disa

43、ppointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.”，可知我们被告知年轻人必须上大学，因为经济不会给一个18岁的未受过训练的人工作机会。但是令人沮丧的事实是，毕业生了解到社会也无法给受过大学教育的22岁的毕业生适合的工作机会。可判断出大学教育的问题部分来自于社会无法为受过良好训练的大学毕业生提供足够的工作机会。选项A符合题意。5.作者态度题。根据文章最后一段，“This is heresy to those of us who

44、have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.”，可知我们从小就被教育说接受一点教育是好的，接受的教育越多越好，这是有争议的。相反的证据也开始增多。可判断出作者认为对于高中毕业的年轻人来说，大学并非最好的、唯一的去处。选项A符合题意。11. 翻译题吴歌是中国吴语地区民歌民谣的总称。吴语地区包括江苏南部、浙江北部和上海 市，大致是指长江下游的三角洲地区。这里是

45、同一种方言的文化圈，同属传统吴文化范畴。“吴”的概念随着历代区域划分而有所变化，如早期的“吴”指的是吴国领域，后来在 曾包括现在的南京和扬州等地，现在所说的“吴”是地域和方言区划的概念。苏州恰在它的中心地位，它是一座以“天堂”美名享誉古今中外的历史文化名称，历史上采集吴歌， 也以它为中心，在中国文学史上占有一定地位。【答案】Wu Song is the general name title of folk song in Wu language area of China. Wu language area includes southern Jiangsu, Northern Zhejian

46、g and Shanghai, referring to the delta area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This is a cultural circle of the same dialect belonging to traditional cultural of Wu areas. The concept of “Wu”has changed with the historical regional division, for example, “Wu”in early time refers to Wu area,

47、later it included some present places, such as Nanjing and Yangzhou. “Wu”conrrently is a concept of division of region and dialect. Suzhou exactly is in the center of it, which is a historical cultural title famed as “paradise”. It was also the center of Wu Song collection and occupied its position

48、in the history of literature.12. 单选题Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children （ ）a violent act previously seen on television.问题1选项A.modifyingB.duplicatingC.acceleratingD.congesting【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。Modifying “修饰”；duplicating “复制”；accelerating “加速”；congesting “充满”。句意：最近报道的很多案件都是与小

49、孩相关的，他们复制在之前在电视上看到的一些暴力行为。选项B符合题意。13. 单选题A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE) at Tufts University shows that todays youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that i

50、ncreasing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes. But theres no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life. During the presidential campaign, Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change; as th

51、e reality of life under a new administration settles in, some of those supporters might become disillusioned. As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency, will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda, or will they gradually drift away?The writers o

52、f Generation O (short for Obama), a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters, want to answer that question. For the next three months, Michelle Kremer and 11 other Obama supporters, ages 19 to 34, will blog about life across mainstream America, with on

53、e twist: by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration, the bloggers will try to start a conversation about what it means to be young and politically active in America today. Malena Amusa, a 24-year-old writer and dancer from St. Louis sees the project as a

54、way to preserve history as it happens. Amusa, who is traveling to India this spring to finish a book, then to Senegal to teach English, has ongoing conversations with her friends about how the Obama presidency has changed their daily lives and hopes to put some of those ideas, along with her global

55、perspective, into her posts. Shes excited because, as she puts it, “I dont have to wait until 15 years from now” to make sense of the world.Henry Flores, a political-science professor at St. Marys University, credits this younger generations political strength to their embrace of technology. “The In

56、ternet exposes them to more thinking,” he says, “and groups that are like-minded in different parts of the country start to come together.” Thats exactly what the Generation O bloggers are hoping to do. The result could be a group of young people that, like their boomer (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)parents, grow

57、s up with a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy (冷漠) theyve inherited from Generation X (60年代后期和70年代出生的美国人). Its no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinaryif ambitiousyoung people, but the members of Generation O are up to the task.46.What is the finding of a new stud

58、y by CIRCLE?47.What is a main concern of the writers of Generation O?48.What will the Generation O bloggers write about in their posts?49.What accounts for the younger generations political strength according to Professor Henry Flores?50.What can we infer from the passage about Generation X?问题1选项A.M

59、ore young voters are going to the polls than before.B.The young generation supports traditionally liberal causes.C.Young voters played a decisive role in Obamas election.D.Young people in America are now more diverse ideologically.问题2选项A.How Obama is going to live up to young peoples expectations.B.

60、Whether America is going to change during Obamas presidency.C.Whether young people will continue to support Obamas policy.D.How Obamas agenda is going to affect the life of Americans.问题3选项A.Their own interpretation of American politics.B.Policy changes to take place in Obamas administration.C.Obamas

61、 presidency viewed from a global perspective.D.Their lives in relation to Obamas presidency.问题4选项A.Their embrace of radical ideas.B.Their desire to change America.C.Their utilization of the Internet.D.Their strong sense of responsibility.问题5选项A.They are politically conservative.B.They reject convent

62、ional values.C.They dare to take up challenges.D.They are indifferent to politics.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】46.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“shows that todays youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young

63、voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes.”，可知CIRCLE的研究发现越来越多的年轻选民和活动人士支持传统的自由主义事业。可判断出参加投票的年轻选民比以往更多。选项A符合题意。47.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency, will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda, or will they gradually drift away?”，可知随着美国进一步进入奥巴马的总统任期，参与政治的年轻人是否会继续支持总统和他的议程，这是个问题。紧接着第二段第一句提到新闻周刊新开的博客“O一代”想要回