2022年考博英语-广西大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷98（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-广西大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题By afternoon, it was impossible to（ ）the heat, so we stopped working and wentinside.问题1选项A.maskB.endureC.defeatD.shelter【答案】B【解析】句意:到下午了，我们不可能忍受炎热，因此，我们要停止工作，回到室内。考查动词辨析。mask 掩藏；endure 忍耐，容忍；defeat 战胜，击败；shelter保护，庇护。根据宾语the heat热度可知，B项正确。2. 单选题Professor Taylo

2、rs talk has indicated that science has a very strong（ ）on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.问题1选项A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact【答案】D【解析】句意:泰勒教授的报告表明，科学已经对非科学家和科学家的日常生活产生了强大的影响。考查固定搭配。have impact on sth. 对产生影响。3. 单选题Dont（ ）this news to the public until we give y

3、ou the go-ahead.问题1选项A.relieveB.relateC.releaseD.retain【答案】C【解析】句意:在我们通知你之前不要向公众发布这个消息。考查动词辨析。Relieve解除，减轻，缓和；relate联系，使有联系；release释放，放出；retain保持，持有，保留。因此C符合句意。4. 单选题Janies has just arrived, but I didnt know he（ ）until yesterday.问题1选项A.was comingB.will comeC.had been comingD.comes【答案】A【解析】句意:珍妮刚到，但我

4、直到昨天才知道他要来。语法题。考查时态。Be动词加come，go, leave等现在分词表示将来，而此处的“他要来”是相对于yesterday，所以用过去将来时。5. 单选题It is through learning that the individual（ ）many habitual ways of reacting to situations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】句意:只有通过学习，才能获得许多处理各种情况的常用方法。考查动词辨析。retain 保留；gain 获得，赢得（尤指想要的或所需的事物）；reso

5、rt 求助，采取（最后）手段；acquire （靠自己的能力、努力或行为）获得，得到。该处为一个动词，宾语为“habitual ways常用方式”。因此，D项符合句意。6. 单选题It was not until one hundred thousand years after the big bang that photons were（ ）from matter.问题1选项A.set apartB.set offC.set outD.set free【答案】D【解析】句意:直到十万年宇宙大爆炸之后，光子才从物质中释放出来。考查短语辨析。D项 “从中释放”符合句意。7. 单选题The eld

6、erly Russians find it hard to live on their state（ ）.问题1选项A.pensionsB.earningsC.salariesD.donations【答案】A【解析】句意:老年俄罗斯公民发现，依靠国家的养老金生活很艰难。考查名词辨析。pension 养老金；earning 收益；工资；salary 薪水；donation捐赠；捐款。因此A项正确。8. 单选题The black horse is（ ）of the pair.问题1选项A.the strongestB.the strongerC.the strongD.quite strong【答

7、案】B【解析】句意:这匹黑马更强壮。语法题。考查比较级。当要特指两者中“较（更）.”时，比较级前通常要带定冠词，此时可视为比较级后省略了有关的名词或代词one，即定冠词实为修饰被省略的名词或代词one。pair的词义是“一对”或“一双”，即在“两者”中进行比较。因此，此处应该使用the stronger。9. 单选题We had to（ ）a lot of noise when the children were at home.问题1选项A.go in forB.hold on toC.put up withD.keep pace with【答案】C【解析】句意:孩子在家的时候，我们不得不忍

8、受孩子们的吵闹声。考查短语辨析。go in for 参加，追求，从事；hold on to 坚持；put up with忍受/容忍；keep pace with 赶上，齐头并进。因此，C项符合句意。10. 单选题When（ ）and visit our exhibition next month?When（ ），I will let you know.问题1选项A.will he come; he will comeB.will he come; he comesC.does he come; he will comeD.does lie come; he comes【答案】B【解析】句意:下

9、月，他什么吋候来看我们的展出？他什么吋候来，我会告诉你吋间。语法题。考查时态。第一句是特殊疑问句，而且根据句中的时间状语是“next month”：就确定了这句话应该使用一般将来吋，然而，第二句是由when引导的吋间状语从句，在吋间状语从句中只能用一般现在吋表示一般将来时。11. 单选题Mary once（ ）with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】句意:玛丽曾经和另一个音乐家共同创作了一首流行曲。考查动词辨

10、析。merge结合，融入；collaborate合作，协作；coincide 符合，一致;constitute 构成，组成。因此B项符合句意。12. 单选题You shouldnt have written in the（ ）since the book belongs to the library.问题1选项A.intervalB.borderC.marginD.edge【答案】C【解析】句意:你本不应该在空白处写字，因为书是图书馆的。考查名词辨析。interval间隔；间隙；休息时间；border国界；边界；margin页边空白；白边； 边缘；edge边沿；刀刃；锐利。因此C项符合句意。1

11、3. 单选题Coffee is the（ ）of this district and brings local farmers a lot of money.问题1选项A.majorityB.stapleC.spiceD.elite【答案】B【解析】句意:咖啡是这个地区的主要产品，给当地农民带来很多收入。考查名词辨析。majority 大部分，大多数；staple 主要产品，订书钉，主食；spice 香料，调味品，风味；elite 上层人士，掌权人物，精英。故B项符合句意。14. 单选题There are few applications（ ）opportunities than robots

12、.问题1选项A.likelyB.more likelyC.most likelyD.much likely【答案】B【解析】句意:很少有电子应用软件比机器人更可能对未来就业机会造成恐慌。考查固定搭配。be likely to 可能做。这里加入了more，用了比较级，表示“更可能”。15. 单选题The course normally attracts 20 students per year,（ ）up to half will be from overseas.问题1选项A.in whichB.for whomC.with whichD.of whom【答案】D【解析】句意:那门课程每学年通

13、常会吸引二十名学生选修，他们中有一半是留学生。语法题。考查定语从句。该句中，先行词是20 students，后面句子表示 “20名学生中有一半是留学生”。因此D项正确。16. 问答题Directions: This pan consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one m each numbered line. You may have to change a word a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and

14、put the corrections in the blanks provided on the Answer Sheet. If you change a word, underline it and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (/) in the right place and write the missing world in the blank.word, underline it and put a slash (/) in

15、 the blank.【答案】1.beforeago2.Surprisedsurprising3.doeswith4.season seasonality5.being be6.anany7.apparent apparently8.to /9.on the other hand10.in the the mental hospital【解析】1.常用搭配。seven years ago表示“几年前”。2.形容词误用。此处的形容词是修饰“link”，因此，用surprising表示“令人惊讶的，出乎意料的”更符合搭配。3.固定搭配。as with 和一样。4.固定搭配。be more than

16、 +形容词，表示“很、非常”，相当于very;根据后文的also可知，此处应该是be more than+名词，表示“不仅仅是 ”。因此，将形容词seasonal改成名词seasonality （季节性），即“然而，谋杀不只是季节性的”。5.固定搭配。be likely to do sth. 很可能做什么事。因此, being应该改 成动词原形be。6.限定词误用。any表示“任一”之意，与单数可数名词连用。7.词性误用。主语是“our intellectual seasonal cycles”，因此，形容词“apparent”应该 改成副词“apparently”，作状语以修饰整句话，表示“

17、显然地。8.语法题。并列的不定式由and和or连接时，为了避免重复，从第二个不 定式开始，常省略to.因此，此处应该将propose之前的to省略。9.固定搭配。on the other hand 另一方面。10.冠词遗漏。句中已经有单词admissions表示“进入”之意，因此，后面的状语应该只是表示地点:“在医院里”。 因此，此处要加上冠词the。17. 单选题Generally, it is only when animals are trapped that they（ ） to violence in order to escape.问题1选项A.proceedB.appealC.r

18、esortD.incline【答案】C【解析】句意:一般来说，动物只有在落入圈套时，为了逃命才会采取暴力行为。考查动词辨析。proceed继续前进，开始；appeal 恳求，呼吁；resort诉诸，凭借某些手段，通常与介词to搭配；incline倾向于。因此无论从搭配还是从语义上来说，C项正确。18. 单选题The salmon is one of our most valuable fish. It offers us food, sport and profit. Every year commercial fishing（1）a harvest of over a billion pou

19、nds of salmon from the sea. Hundreds of thousands of salmon are caught each year by eager（2）fishers.In autumn, the rivers of the Northwestern United States come（3）with salmon. The salmon have left the ocean and are（4）their yearly run up river to spawn. Yet today, there are far fewer salmon than（5）be

20、cause the salmon（6）has suffered from many perils of the modern age.Water pollution has killed many salmon by（7）them of oxygen. Over-fishing has further decreased their number. Dams has another（8），because they lock migration paths. Fish ladders, （9）stepped pools, have been built so that salmon can sw

21、im（10）over the dams. But young salmon swimming to the ocean have trouble （11）the ladders. Often they（12）their deaths over the dam or are killed in giant hydroelectric turbines.（13）America will continue to have plenty of salmon, conservationists have planned several ways to（14）the salmon population.

22、Conservation officials have had some success（15）salmon in hatcheries and stocking salmon rivers with them. Salmon are also being introduced into new areas. In 1996, hundreds of thousands of young Coho salmon were planted in streams off Lake Michigan. The adults were expected to Migrate to the lake a

23、nd feed upon an undesirable fish. The Cohoes thrived so well on this kind of fish in Lake Michigan that Cohoes are being planted in other Great Lakes.Thanks to the foresight and planning of conservationists, the valuable salmon should be around American shores, rivers and lakes for a long time to co

24、me.问题1选项A.results inB.results fromC.results atD.resulted in问题2选项A.commerceB.sportsC.salmonD.kindness问题3选项A.aliveB.activeC.liveD.about问题4选项A.atB.inC.onD.by问题5选项A.ever soB.ever sinceC.ever afterD.ever before问题6选项A.productionB.populationC.familyD.growing问题7选项A.forbiddingB.exploitingC.robbingD.endangeri

25、ng问题8选项A.dangerB.obstacleC.problemD.element问题9选项A.made up forB.made up toC.made upD.made up of问题10选项A.properlyB.safelyC.quicklyD.frequently问题11选项A.discoverB.to climbC.findingD.measuring问题12选项A.fall toB.fall backC.fall acrossD.fall away问题13选项A.So thatB.So far asC.So much asD.So long as问题14选项A.explode

26、B.developC.increaseD.catch问题15选项A.supportingB.raisingC.keepingD.resulting【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D第6题:B第7题:C第8题:A第9题:D第10题:B第11题:C第12题:A第13题:D第14题:C第15题:B【解析】1.考查短语辨析。该处句意为:每年的商业捕鱼导致从海洋中收获超过十亿磅的三文鱼。故A项符合句意。2.考查名词辨析。该处句意为:急不可耐的渔民每年都会捕捉成千上万的三文鱼。因此B项符合句意。Sport本身有“娱乐”的意思,在这里表示“消遣性渔民”。3.考查固定搭配。come a

27、live 热闹起来，活跃起来。其它选项均不能与come构成搭配。4.考查介词辨析。句意为:三文鱼离开海洋，每年都会回流到河面上产卵。因此，C项介词较为合适。5.逻辑分析。根据前文的yet“然而”，可推知此处是“现在和过去”的对比，即如今的三文鱼的数量比从前少。因此D项“以前”符合句意。6.考查名词辨析。该处句意为:三文鱼在现代遭受了很多危险。因此B项 “种群，数量”符合句意。7.考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的动名词形式。空格处动词应与介词of进行搭配。因此C项符合句意。Rob sb./sth. of sth. 剥夺某人/某物所需或应得之物。8.考查名词辨析。该处解题可以参考前面句意:水污染杀

28、死了很多三文鱼。因此推测该处句意为:大坝是另一个危险，因为它们阻断了迁移的路径。故选A项。9.考查短语辨析。选项均为对应动词短语的过去分词形式作定语修饰fish ladders; stepped pools表示“阶梯式游泳池”。四个选项的意思分别是：make up for弥补;补偿；make up to sb.献媚；奉承;make up编造;化妆；be made up of由构成。因此，根据句意，D构成句意“由阶梯式游泳池构成的鱼梯”，符合语境和搭配，故为正确答案。10.考查副词辨析。该处句意为:建造鱼梯是为了三文鱼能游过大坝。因此B项“安全地”符合句意。11.语义题。根据固定搭配have t

29、rouble doing sth.(在方面有困难)可以排除A和B项。根据句意可知C项“发现梯子”正确。12.考查短语辨析。该句有并列连词or, or并列的是动词是are killed和空格处。因此A项符合句意,表示“掉到大坝上摔死”。13.逻辑分析。逗号后面是完整的句子，因此，前半句应该有相关的连词或关系词。后文句意为：生态环境保护者规划一些方案以增加鲑鱼的数量。因此此处是说鲑鱼的数量减少了，满足条件的是D选项“使濒危”。14.考查动词辨析。该处句意为:自然环境和野生动植物提倡保护者计划了几种方式以增加族群数量。故C项符合句意。15.考查动词辨析。该处搭配为:have success in d

30、oing sth.在某方面取得成功。根据并列的部分stocking salmon rivers可知，“raise salmon in hatcheries在孵化场饲养三文鱼”符合语境。19. 单选题What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible.

31、How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands

32、and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we cannot see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw tha

33、t there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that

34、we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections b

35、etween nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other

36、center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical k

37、nowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.1. Which of the following statements is not true?2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that（ ）.3. Accord

38、ing to the passage, a child may inherit（ ）.4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will（ ）.5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?问题1选项A.Some mothers try to influence thei

39、r unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.B.It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C.The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D.There are no connection between mothers nervous systems and her unborn childs.问题2选

40、项A.she is emotionally shockedB.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC.she takes part in all kind of activitiesD.she sticks to studying问题3选项A.everything from his motherB.a knowledge of mathematicsC.a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD.her mothers musical ability问题4选项A.surely become m

41、usicianB.mostly become a poetC.possibly become a teacherD.become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music问题5选项A.Role of Inheritance.B.An Unborn Child.C.Function of instincts.D.Inherited Talents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。题干意为:以下哪项不正确？A:孕期妈妈通过学习诗歌、艺术或

42、者数学，以影响宝宝的某种品质。B:完全不能从产前发育中学到什么。C:母亲的血管和孩子没有直接连接。D:母亲和宝宝之间的神经系统没有连接。文章第一句指出: What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible (孕期妈妈通过学习诗歌、艺术或者数学，以影响宝

43、宝的某种品质，以期获得众所周知的“产前发展”，但是，这似乎是不可能的)。因此A项正确,B项错误。第一段还指出:There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly (母亲和宝宝之间的神经系统没有连接。甚至，母亲的血管和孩子没有直接连接),因此C和D项正确。答案选B。2.细节事实题。题干意为:在什么情况下，母亲影响未出生的宝宝？第一段指出:An emotional shock to the mother will a

44、ffect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse (妈妈情绪上的波动会影响到宝宝，因为这能改变她腺体的活性和血液中的化学成分。妈妈血液中化学成分的任何改变都会或好或坏的影响到宝宝)。因此，A项“她的情绪波动”正确。3.细节事实题。题干意为:根据文章，孩子会遗传什么？根据题干关键词child和i

45、nherit定位至第二段: It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence (然而，可能是孩子或多或少遗传了相当普通的能力, 我们把它称之为智力)。因此，C项“我们称之为智力的一种相当普通的能力”正确。4.细节事实题。题干意为:如果孩子从母亲那遗传了一些东西，如特别灵敏的耳朵、构造独特的双手和特别的发音器官，那么，他会怎么样？第三段指出: As for musical ability, it may be that w

46、hat is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around

47、music, the child may become a musician (对于音乐才能，宝宝可能遗传 的可能是特别灵敏的耳朵、构造独特的双手、由神经和肌肉相互连接的发音器官，而上述条件能让一个人相对容易地习得音乐家的动作和特别饱满的感情。 如果这些因素都围绕音乐而被组织起来，那么，孩子可能成为音乐家)。因此选D项“在所有因素都围绕着音乐而组织的时候，他会成为音乐家”。5.主旨大意题。题干意为:最适合文章的标题是文章主要是通过介绍孕期妈妈与未出生的宝宝相关品质的关系，进而分析 在宝宝的天赋形成过程中，遗传起到什么样的作用。因此A项“遗传的角色”比较适合做文章标题。20. 单选题The Br

48、itish are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,（ ）is often the case in other countries.问题1选项A.asB.whatC.soD.that There are few electronic【答案】A【解析】句意:英国人对于不同的文化和其他的行为方式不是很熟悉，在其他国家情况也是如此。语法题。考查定语从句。逗号后面部分“is often the case in other countries”结构不完整，缺少主语。因此该处应该是非限制性定语从句。因此A项正确，构成表达“as is often the case(是常有的情形)”。