2022研究生入学-英语二考试题库套卷20（含答案解析）

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1、2022研究生入学-英语二考试题库（含答案解析）1. 问答题：You have lost your cellphone charger at the hotel where you stayed during your vacation.Write a letter to the hotel aboul your item left behind.You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET Do not sign your own name.UseLi Minginstead.Do not write your add

2、ress答案： 本题解析：Dear sir,IAst week our family had a wonderful time in your area,and stayed at your hotel during our time there.We have been home for two days,and I just realized that I had left my cellphone charger at your hotel.I realize that it could have been easily overlooked and has since been thr

3、own with the garbage.But if you have a Lost and Found,could you ask someone to check if it might have been placedthere?I dont think anyone will have trouble identifying it.Thank you for your lime and assistance with this matter.Regards,Li Ming2. 多选题：Text 3 It is a good time to be a fisherman.The glo

4、bal fish-price index of the UNs Food and Agricultural Organization（FAO）hit a record high in May.Changing consumer diets,particularly in China,explain much of the sustained upward movement.High oil prices,which increase the cost of fishing and transportation,also add to the price of putting fish on L

5、he table.Not all fish are creaLed equal,however.There are two types of fish production:capture（or wild）andaquaculture（or farmed）.And they seem to be on different tracks.Fish such as tuna,the majority of which is cau;ht wild,saw much bigger price increases than salmon,which is easier to farm.Overall,

6、the FAOs price index for wild fish nearly doubled between 1990 and 2012,whereas the one for farmed fish rose by only a fifth.What explains this big difference?The amount of wild fish captured globally has barely changed in the past two decades.The ceiling,of about 90m tonnes a year,seems to have bee

7、n reached at the end of the 1980s.Overfishing is one reason,as is the limited room for produclivity growth,particularly if consumers want high quality.Patrice Guillotreau of the University of Nantes tells the story of a fleet in France that decided to trawl,rather than line-catch,its tuna.It braughi

8、 more back to shore,but the fish were damaged.It could not be sold as high-value fillets and was only good for canning.The old ways of catching fish are still best if you want the highest profits,says Mr CuiUotreau.In contrast,the farmed-fish industry continues to make productivity improvements.Fish

9、 farms have found crafty ways to use lower quantities of fish meal as feed.In the early days of aquaculture,it could take up to ten pounds of wild fish to produce one pound of salmon.Now the number is down to five.That may still be an inefficient use of protein,but the ratio is set to improve furthe

10、r.Fish farms have also become more energy-efficient,meaning that they are less affected by higher energy pnces.And they have learned how to handle diseases beUer,reducing the quanlity of fish that ends up being unsellable.As a resuli of all these improvements,the global production of farmed fish,mea

11、sured in tonnes,now exceeds the producUon of beef.Output is likely to continue growing:the FAO estimates thal by 2020 it will reach six times its I990 level.The production of farmed fish is growing due to the following reasons except_A.disease controlB.lower labour costC.energy conservationD.reducti

12、on of fish feed答案：B 本题解析：细节题。根据the production of fanned fish，growing等词定位到最后一段。题目问“养殖鱼产量增加的原因”，对应句子为最后一段首句：As a result of all these improvements，the global production of farmed fish,measured in tonnes,now exceeds the production of beef.由该句可知养殖鱼产量增加是因为these improvements“这些进步”，而these improvements指代的内容来

13、自上一段，即答案句来自第五段。该段讲到三个因素使养殖鱼产量增加，没有提到的即符合题目要求。第一个因素来自第五段第二句：Fish farms have found crafty ways to use lower quantities of fish meal as feed.其中lower quantities of fish meal as feed“减少鱼饲料”=Dreduction of fish feed“鱼饲料减少”；故排除D。第二个因素来自倒数第二句：Fish farms have also become more energy-efficient,meaning that the

14、y are less affected by higher energy prices.其中energy-efficient“节能”=Cenergy conservation“节约能源”；故排除c。第三个因素来自最后一句：And they have leamed how to handle diseases better,reducing the quantity of fish Lhat ends up being unsellable.其中handle diseases better“更好应对疾病”=Adisease control“疾病控制”；故排除A。剩余选项Blower labour

15、 cost“低劳动力成本”：该项属于无中生有，符合题目要求，故本题选择B。3. 问答题：Will the Apple launch have an audience of thousands clapping and cheering?Must be a new iPhone or iWatch?The truth may sound dull,but it matters as much as any fancy new product.What Apples boss,Tim Cook,presented on June 2nd,at the companys annual confere

16、nce for soft-ware developers in San Francisco,were upgraded operating systems,one for its Mac desktops and laptops and another for its mobile devices,plus a new programming language.These,combined with other moves to nurture the Appleecosystem,should make its offerings even more attractive to both d

17、evelopers and consumers-and even more formidable to its rivals.Apple has lon8 devoted to providing greater convenience and user experience.The new operating systems will do more than improve on the current versions when they are released in the autumn.They will allow devices to work together perfecd

18、y.答案： 本题解析：这次苹果发布会能让千万观众欢呼雀跃吗？肯定是一款新的iPhone或iWatch吧？虽然答案或许听来无趣，但它的重要性不亚于任何一款华丽的新产品。6月2号，在三藩市举行的年度软件开发者会议上，苹果总裁蒂姆库克展示了最新升级的操作系统，其中包括一套台式和笔记本电脑系统，一套移动设备系统，同时还有一套新的编程语言。与其他构建苹果“生态系统”的举措相结合，无论是站在开发者还是消费者的角度看，新一代操作系统都会使其产品变得更有吸引力，甚至会让竞争对手望尘莫及。长期以来，苹果致力于提供更好的便利性与用户体验。新一代操作系统将于秋季发布，这一系统将不仅仅是对当前系统的提升，还会使各种设

19、备配合得天衣无缝。4. 多选题：Text 2 Marion Nesdes he8vyweight criticism against Coca-Cola and PepsiCo comes at an odd moment for the industry.Americans are drinking fewer sugary sodas-in 2012 production was 23%below what it had been a decade earlier.Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz,as consumers qu

20、estion.the merits of artificial sweeteners.From one angle,it would seem that health advocates such as Ms Nestle have won.Yet in America companies still produce 30 gallons of regular fizzy drinks per person per year.In many counLries,particularly developing ones,consumpLion is on the rise.Ms Nestle,a

21、 professor at New York Universily,is both inspired by recent progress and dissatisfied with it.That is no surlmse.Her first book,Food Politics,remains a bible for those who complain about the power of food companies.In her new book she atiacks the industrys most widely consumed,least healthy product

22、.Soda Poluics,she says,is a bookto inspire readers to action.As a rallying cry,it is verbose.When readers leam on page 238 that she will pick up a panicular subject in chapter 25,it is with no litde dismay that they realize they are only on chapter 17.But what the author wanis most is to craft a det

23、ailed guide to the producersalleged violation,and how to stop them.Ms Nesde says she would have no complaint with sweet fizzy drinks if they were sipped occasionally,as a treat.However,for millions of people in many counUies,they are not.In Mexico companies sold 372 cans of fizzy drinks per person i

24、n 2012.About half of Americans do not dnnk them Rgularly,but those who do are disproportionately poor,less educaled,male,Hispanic or black.10%of Americans down more than four cans a day.Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unhealthy.Unlike a Big Mac,they have no nutritional value;nor do t

25、heir calories satisfy hunger.One large study found that for each can added to a persons daily diet,the risk of diabeies jumped by 22%.There are also links beLween sugar and heart disease,stroke and cancer.Drinking lots of sodas imposes clear costs on individuals,Ms Nestle argues,but it has a broader

26、 cost,too.American taxpayers subsidize corn production and let the poor use government food vouchers to buy fizzy drinks.More important,taxpayers foot the health biU for those who develop chronic disease.According to the last paragraph,having too many soda drinks_A.can increase the risk of deathB.wi

27、ll inevitably lead to diabetesC.may bring the problem of obesityD.has something to do with certain diseases答案：D 本题解析：细节题。定位到最后一段首句：Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unheaILhy.其中a lot of=too many；fizzy drinks=soda drinks。故答案关键词为plainly unhealthy“显然不健康”。而更加完整的答案来自第三、四两句：One large study f

28、ound that for each can added to a persons daily diet,the risk of diabetes jumped by 22%.There are also links between sugar and heart disease,stroke and cancer.达两句明确指出喝太多碳酸饮料导致息糖尿病几率上升，而且摄入过多糖分与心脏病、中风和癌症有关联。故答案为Dhas something to do with certain diseases“与某些疾病有关系”。选项Acan increase the risk of death“可能增

29、加死亡的风险”；文章说the risk of diabetes jumped“患糖尿病风险增大”，该项属于过分夸大。Bwill inevitably lead to diabetes“势必引发糖尿病”；inevitably“不可避免地”一词过于绝对，原文说的是“患糖尿病风险增加22%”。Cmay bring the problem of obesity“可能造成肥胖症”；该项的obesity“肥胖症”一词在文中并没有出现。综上D正确。5. 问答题：Write a letter to Mr Green to apply for a job.In the lelter,you should 1）s

30、how your interest,2）describe your previous experience,and 3）explain why you would be suitable for the job.You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name.UseLi Minginstead.Do not write your address.答案： 本题解析：Dear MrGreen,I am writing to apply for the programmer p

31、osition advertised in the China Daily.As requested,I have enlosed a completed job application,my certification,my resume,and three references.I believe that my strong technical experience and education will make me a very competitive candidate for this position.With a BS degree in Computer Programmi

32、ng,I have a full understanding of the full lifecycle of a software development project.I also have experience in learning and exceUing at new technologies as needed.Please see my resume for additional information on my experience.I can be reached anytime via emailing to liming or dialing my cell pho

33、ne number 138-XXXX-XXXX.Thank you for your time and consideration.I look forward to speaking with you about this position.Sincerely,Li Ming6. 多选题：Text 2 Marion Nesdes he8vyweight criticism against Coca-Cola and PepsiCo comes at an odd moment for the industry.Americans are drinking fewer sugary sodas

34、-in 2012 production was 23%below what it had been a decade earlier.Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz,as consumers question.the merits of artificial sweeteners.From one angle,it would seem that health advocates such as Ms Nestle have won.Yet in America companies still produce 30 gallons

35、 of regular fizzy drinks per person per year.In many counLries,particularly developing ones,consumpLion is on the rise.Ms Nestle,a professor at New York Universily,is both inspired by recent progress and dissatisfied with it.That is no surlmse.Her first book,Food Politics,remains a bible for those w

36、ho complain about the power of food companies.In her new book she atiacks the industrys most widely consumed,least healthy product.Soda Poluics,she says,is a bookto inspire readers to action.As a rallying cry,it is verbose.When readers leam on page 238 that she will pick up a panicular subject in ch

37、apter 25,it is with no litde dismay that they realize they are only on chapter 17.But what the author wanis most is to craft a detailed guide to the producersalleged violation,and how to stop them.Ms Nesde says she would have no complaint with sweet fizzy drinks if they were sipped occasionally,as a

38、 treat.However,for millions of people in many counUies,they are not.In Mexico companies sold 372 cans of fizzy drinks per person in 2012.About half of Americans do not dnnk them Rgularly,but those who do are disproportionately poor,less educaled,male,Hispanic or black.10%of Americans down more than

39、four cans a day.Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unhealthy.Unlike a Big Mac,they have no nutritional value;nor do their calories satisfy hunger.One large study found that for each can added to a persons daily diet,the risk of diabeies jumped by 22%.There are also links beLween sugar a

40、nd heart disease,stroke and cancer.Drinking lots of sodas imposes clear costs on individuals,Ms Nestle argues,but it has a broader cost,too.American taxpayers subsidize corn production and let the poor use government food vouchers to buy fizzy drinks.More important,taxpayers foot the health biU for

41、those who develop chronic disease.Diet drinks become unpopular in America because_A.only poor people drink ihemB.they contain too much sugarC.people doubt they are unhealthyD.consumers think they are artificial答案：C 本题解析：细节题。根据diet drinks定位到首段第三、四行：Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz，as c

42、onsumers question the ments of artificial sweeteners.其中losing their fizz指“失去活力”，等于题干become unpopular“不受欢迎”，故答案句为：consumers question the merits of artificial sweeteners“消费者质疑人工甜味剂的好处。”与之相符的选项为Cpeople doubt they are unhealthy“人们怀疑膳食饮料不健康。”其中doubt-question；the merits of artificial sweeteners暗示unhealthy

43、“不健康”。选项【Aonly poor people drink them“只有穷人饮用膳食饮料”；B】they contain too much sugar“膳食饮料含糖过多”；Dconsumers think they are artificial“消费者认为膳食饮料是人工食品”，这三项均无法与答案句同义替换。故本题选择C。7. 多选题：To Google is now in broad usage as a verb for retrieving information from the intemet.If the tech giant has its way,I Googledwil

44、l become a standard reply to the question,How did you get here?On May 28th Coogle said it would build 100 prototype driverless cars without pedals,steering wheel or controls.It is the next stage in its apparent quest to be as popular on the road as on computer screens.People have dreamed about drive

45、rless motoring since at least the 1930s,but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought,kitting out test cars with Lhe sensors and sophisticated software required lo negoliate busy roads.Google has roared ahead by designing a drivedess car from t

46、he ground up.But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had envisaged.答案： 本题解析：如今“谷歌”被广泛用于互联网信息检索，因而“谷歌”常被用作动词。如果这一科技巨头独行其道，对于“你是怎么过来的？”这种问题，它的标准答案将会是“我谷歌来的”。5月28日，谷歌表示，其将制造100辆无人驾驶原型车，它们没有踏板，没有方向盘，也没有控制表盘。谷歌希望在无人车市场能够做到与在搜索引擎市场一样受欢迎，这显然是它下一阶段的追求。至少从20世纪30年代起，人们就已经开始

47、设想无人驾驶汽车，但只有在近些年，一些汽车制造商如梅赛德斯一奔驰和沃尔沃才尝试将这一想法付诸实践。汽车装载着传感器和复杂的软件，被要求在繁忙的道路上通过测试。谷歌公司从零起步，设计无人驾驶汽车，已经鹤立鸡群。但是事实证明，无人驾驶汽车的面世比谷歌预想的要难。8. 问答题：Suppose a Chinese Classics Club was rencently set up in your school.Write a notice to briefly introduce the club,and call for new members.You should write about 100

48、 worcls on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not wrire your adciress.答案： 本题解析：Notice Our newly established Chinese Classics Club is seeking new members.Free and open to all students regardless of their major,we are committed to raising awareness of Chinese class

49、ics studies and the study of ancient Chinese civilization.We organise weekly reading sessions to study texts including the Con f ucian Analects and the Mengzi etc.Members volunteer to lead the sessions and the atmosphere is informal so as to encourage open thought and discussion.Besides,we offer edu

50、cational and cultural activities such as public talks and traditional Chinese tea ceremonies in order to appreciate various aspects of traditional Chinese culture.Whether you are a keen reader of Chinese classics or just want to find out more about traditional Chinese culture,you are most welcome to

51、 join.Anyone interested please contact our chairman Mr.Zhang at 82006600 for more details.Chinese Classics Club9. 问答题：We live in a moment packed with new possibilities,and weve never been better equipped to seize them.The problem is that many of us dont feel it.If this is the best time to be alive,i

52、t certainly hasnt becn the easiest.This upheaval has created winners:among owners ofcapital;among entrepreneurs who have grown into new markets;and among individuals whose skills,acumen or luck helps them to navigate this tangle.But it has also created losers:among pensioners and homeowners whose sa

53、vings were destroyed by unforeseen financial risks;among workers whose jobs are now being done overseas by people escaping from poverty;among those whose jobs stayed onshore but are being replaced by machines;among farmers whose crops are failing because of climate change;among citizens in countries

54、 where a small elite are siphoning the benefits of global integration into offshore bank accounts.答案： 本题解析：我们生活的当下充满新的可能性，我们也拥有前所未有的能力去把握这种可能性，问题是我们很多人并没有感受到它。如果说当下是最美好的时代，那一定还不是最轻松的时代。这场变革创造了成功者：有的是资本所有者；有的是开拓新市场的企业家；有的是技艺超群、机敏精干，或者好运加身的弄潮儿。但这场变革也产生了失败者：有的退休者和房主突遭金融风险，积蓄毁于一旦；有的人被国外脱贫者所取代，工作流出了国门；有的

55、人的工作虽未流出国门，却被机器取而代之；有的农民因气候变化收成惨淡；有的人生活的国家，全球一体化的收益被少数精英收入囊中转至境外的银行账户。10. 问答题：Globalization places us in increasingly more situations where we may need to host international business associates for meals.With so many cultural differences in dining preferences,even among those ofthe same nationality

56、and culture,the safest and most considerate thing we can do when treating a guest is to simply ask.Avoid making too many assumptions about what your guests would like and inquire about their preferences.Chinas dish names are infused with its culinary culture,and expressing them in English is not alw

57、ays so easy.Zhao Huimin,director of Beijing Foreign Affairs Office,said,As Beijing is striving to become aWorld City,we need a better language environment.And Chinese food has become more popular around the world in recent years,so its essential to standardize the translation.The newly published boo

58、k contains easy-to-understand English names of almost all mainstream dishes of Chinas eight major cuisines.It is for reference only,and is not compulsory.答案： 本题解析：全球化可能使我们需要款待国际商业伙伴的情况日益增加。饮食喜好方面的文化差异很大，即使是在相同国籍和文化背景下，当在招待客人时，我们能够做得最安全、最用到的事情就是直接询问他们。对于你的客人喜欢什么，不要进行太多的假设，而是要去询问他们的喜好。中国莱名注入了中国的烹饪文化，因此用英语表达并不总是那么容易。北京市外事办主任赵惠民说“随着北京在努力地成为世界城市，我们需要更好的语言环境。近年来中国食品在世界范围内变得越来越受欢迎，因此翻译规范化是至关重要的。这本新出版的书（这里指中文菜单英文译法）几乎收录中国八大莱系中所有主流菜肴的简单易懂的英文名称。该书仅供参考，并非是强制性的。”