2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷8（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题It is ridiculous that we（）.问题1选项A.are short of water in a country where it is always rainingB.be short of water in a country where it is always rainingC.might be short of water in a country where it is always rainingD.could be short of water in a country whe

2、re it is always raining【答案】B【解析】考査虚拟语气。It is/was+adj/n+that+主语+虚拟语气。that后面的从句用should+原形,其中should可省略,选项B就是省略了should的虚拟语气,所以选B。2. 单选题This young man,（）with a craving for materialistic gratification, cares about nothing but money.问题1选项A.obsessedB.negotiatedC.compromisedD.provided【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。obsessed

3、with沉迷于；negotiated with与协商；compromised with向 （某人）妥协；provided with给提供。句意：这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足，只关心钱。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题Respect for the law is the foundation of civilized living.（）breaks it will be punished.问题1选项A.WhoB.No matter whoC.WhoeverD.People who【答案】C【解析】语法题。如果选A，此处缺少先行词；如果选D缺少连词；no matter who引导让步状语从句，句子表达需

4、完整；whoever引导名词性从句，可放于句首，符合题意。4. 单选题He stood（）among a thousand dimly imagined possibilities.问题1选项A.falteringB.waveringC.pausingD.hesitating【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。faltering蹒跚,犹豫的,支吾的；wavering摇摆的,犹豫不决；pause暂停,踌躇；hesitating犹豫的。句意：他在一千种模模糊糊想象出来的可能性中犹豫不决。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题My uncle is very（）; he still thinks that a wo

5、mans place is in the home.问题1选项A.desirableB.conservativeC.malleableD.demanding【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。desirable令人满意的；conservative保守的；malleable可塑的；demanding苛求的。句意：我的叔叔非常，他仍然认为女人就应该待在家里。根据下文可以推断，叔叔应该是非常保守的人，所以选项B符合句意。6. 单选题Circus tigers, although they have been tamed, can（）attack their trainer.问题1选项A.unexpect

6、edlyB.deliberatelyC.reluctantlyD.subsequently【答案】A【解析】词义辨折题。Unexpectedly意外地,出乎意料地；deliberately故意地，谨慎地；reluctantly不情愿地,嫌恶地；subsequently随后,后来。句意：尽管马戏团里的老虎已经被驯服，却能出人意料地攻击它们的驯兽师。选项A符合句意。7. 单选题The notes above were set down for a lecture in 1967, and I find myself now making a few changes to bring them up

7、 to date, none of much consequence.（1）I see the case now, there is one point these old notes seem to be driving（2）which never quite gets articulated but which（3）a lot for me these days. It seems（4）, in fact; and especially so perhaps in view of the present condition of American poetry. Far more than

8、 the reality of the scene, which I nonetheless highly prize, I would call（5）now to the absolute purity of style achieved in this little masterpiece, and effortlessly achieved,（6）to be equaled even by Williams. Other poems by Williams - certainly poems by other poets are much richer（7）what they encom

9、pass;（8）vision is deeper and the character of the poet stands as a more affecting human presence. Often enough the language is more（9）. But this poem is perfectly said. Lean, streamlined; and there is（10）extra, no excrescence, no excess, no showing off; nor indeed any shortcoming whatever. We have（1

10、1）we see; we have it exactly Art can aspire higher and no doubt, at times, should.（12）not always. I think of Wang Wei: the Chinese effect in general, here（13）. I begin to understand how a critic like Winters can argue that the brief lyric may be greater than a complete tragedy,lyric can hope for per

11、fection, a(n)（15）wholeness and unity. One of Williams many admirers has written（16）“Between Walls” that since “there is no living thing in the poem - just a mockery of the color of growing plants - the feeling of the poem is . sterile and airless.” But this opinion can only be the result of an absur

12、d prejudice, probably got up out of some all（17）simple understanding of the organic and the natural. There is no mockery in this green: imitation, yes, and, one might（18）suggest, a certain pathos and bravery in the imitation. There is more to（19）than that, but there is, just glintingly, that. Meanwh

13、ile we do have also, thanking the muse of reality, pieces of a broken bottle, the real thing, as good as（20）green leaf here.问题1选项A.AsB.ThoughC.AndD.Because问题2选项A.toB.throughC.inD.at问题3选项A.acknowledgesB.calculatesC.makesD.counts问题4选项A.crucialB.impossibleC.mediocreD.unnecessary问题5选项A.forthB.mindC.atte

14、ntionD.back问题6选项A.alreadyB.rarelyC.surelyD.actually问题7选项A.onB.toC.inD.from问题8选项A.theirB.itsC.whoseD.its问题9选项A.vulgarB.virtuousC.brilliantD.favorable问题10选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything问题11选项A.thatB.whatC.whichD.and问题12选项A.SoB.ButC.ThusD.For问题13选项A.naturalizedB.socializedC.sympathizedD.ph

15、ilosophized问题14选项A.as long asB.lestC.sinceD.while问题15选项A.unflawedB.mistakenC.fragmentedD.far-fetched问题16选项A.offB.forC.inD.of问题17选项A.littleB.muchC.veryD.too问题18选项A.evenB.yetC.howeverD.nevertheless问题19选项A.itB.themC.thoseD.these问题20选项A.manyB.muchC.someD.any【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:C第6题:B第7题:C第8题:A第9

16、题:A第10题:C第11题:B第12题:B第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:A第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）连词辨析题。根据句意：正如我现在看到的情况.选项A符合句意。（2）固定搭配。drive at用意所在。句意：这些旧笔记的用意似乎没有很清晰地被表达出来。（3）词意辨析题。acknowledge承认、答谢；calculate计算、推测；make使得；count有价值、计算。这里指它们对我很有价值。选项D符合句意。（4）词意辨析题。crucial关键的；impossible不可能的；mediocre普通的；unnecessary不必要的。原文指这些

17、笔记看起来很普通。（5）固定搭配。call attention to唤起注意。本文指呼吁大家关注这篇杰作淳朴的风格。（6）词意辨析题。rarely很少地、难得。本文指很少有人能够写出如此绝对风格淳朴的诗歌。（7）介词搭配。rich in在.方面很丰富。本文指他们诗歌所包含的内容要丰富得多。（8）代词辨析题。their指前面提到的 Williams和其他诗人。（9）词意辨析题。vulgar通俗的；virtuous善良的；brilliant杰出的；favorable喜爱的。这里指语言通俗易懂。选项A符合原文。（10）代词辨析题。根据下文“no excrescence, no excess, no

18、showing off.”可知填空处应填入表否定的代词，只有选项C符合句意。（11）分析句子结构可知，缺少see的宾语。选项what符合句意。（12）连词辨析题。根据上下文：毫无疑问，有时也应该如此， ，并不总是如此。由此可知，这里应填入but表转折。（13）动词辨析题。naturalized移植、归化；socialized社会化；sympathized同情、支持；philosophized 使哲学化、理性地思考。根据下文的“tragedy”可知选项C符合原文。（14）考查逻辑连接词。根据原文：一首简洁的抒情诗的内涵会大于一首完整的悲情诗的内涵，因为抒情诗有更完美的期待。上下文存在因果关系，s

19、ince表原因。（15）词意辨析题。unflawed完美无缺的；mistaken被误解的；fragmented支离破碎的；far-fetched牵强附会的。填空处的词用来修饰wholeness and unity（整体和统一体），选项A符原文。（16）根据原文：威廉姆斯的众多崇拜者之一曾为墙与墙之间写过这样一段话 。为了.用for。（17）根据原文：但这种观点只能是一种荒谬偏见的结果，大概是出于对一些过于简单的有机和自然的认识。选项D符合原文。（18）根据原文：模仿，是的，甚至有人会说，模仿中有某种悲怆和勇敢。选项A符合原文。（19）根据原文：这首诗的意境不仅仅局限于那些。It特指这首诗。（2

20、0）根据原文，leaf 为单数，所以只能选D。8. 单选题（）my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.问题1选项A.ForB.AtC.InD.On【答案】D【解析】固定搭配题。on ones return表示“在回来的时候”。9. 单选题While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest（）by the local bandit

21、s.问题1选项A.be attackedB.were attackedC.are to be attackedD.would be attacked【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。Lest是连词，意为“唯恐，以免”。其后接的状语从句常用should+动词原形。should可以省略。所以选项A正确。句意：在翻越山区时，所有人都带着枪，以防遭到当地土匪的袭击。10. 单选题Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled（）the decision made by our fe

22、llow countrymen.问题1选项A.forB.onC.toD.in【答案】C【解析】reconcile to为固定搭配,表示“顺从于”。句意：虽然我们对选举结果感到不满意,但是我们不得不顺从于我们的同胞们作出的决定。11. 单选题he board deemed it urgent that these files（）right away.问题1选项A.had to be printedB.should have been printedC.have been printedD.be printed【答案】D【解析】语法题。当句中出现deem, suggest, insist, req

23、uire等表主观愿望的词时,从句需要使用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形, should可省略。根据句意：委员会认为迫切需要立即把这些文件打印出来。由此可知文件还没打印,所以不用完成时。选项D正确。12. 单选题There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees（）what constitutes a benefit to an individual.问题1选项A.onB.withC.toD.in【答案】A【解析】介词搭配题。agree on sth.在某一点上取得

24、一致意见,同意某事；agree with sb.同意.，和.意见一致；agree to do sth.同意,接受，允诺；agree in+动名词，在.方面意见一致。句意：科学家和医学界有一种错误的假设，即人们对福利问题都持一致的观点。选项A正确。13. 单选题（）mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.问题1选项A.He is rememberedB.While being rememberedC.To be rememberedD

25、.Though remembered【答案】D【解析】考查让步状语从句。后面的句子完整,但是没有连词连接,由此可知前面应该为独立主格结构,所以首先排除选项A。根据句意：虽然人们记得亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔主要是由于电话的发明,但实际上他一生都致力于帮助失聪者。前后有转折的关系,所以用连词though更适合。14. 单选题John made（）keys for the house: one for his wife and one for himself.问题1选项A.deviateB.duplicateC.dozenD.deliberate【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。deviate偏离的；dup

26、licate复制的；dozen一打；deliberate故意的。句意：约翰复制了两把房子的钥匙,一把给妻子,一把给自己。选项B符合句意。15. 单选题She tried to hide her grief, but she was（）tears.问题1选项A.on the verge ofB.enthusiastic aboutC.on the lookout forD.glued to【答案】A【解析】词组辨析题。on the verge of濒临于、接近于；enthusiastic about热衷于；on the lookout for留意、物色；glued to不愿离开，盯住不放。句意：

27、她试图掩饰她的悲伤，但她几乎要哭了。选项A符合句意。16. 单选题Although too much（1）to the suns ultraviolet rays can cause skin cancer, sunshine may have a（2）effect against some cancers, U.S. scientists said in April. They（3）vitamin D, the so-called sunshine vitamin that is also found in fortified milk and（4）products, cod liver a

28、nd some fatty fish, can help to slow down the speed（5）which cancer（6）divide. “This study found inverse（7）between both residential and occupational exposure to sunlight（8）mortality from female breast and colon cancers,” said Dr. Michael Freedman of the National Cancer（9）.In research（10）in Occupationa

29、l and Environmental Medicine, Freedman and his team studied（11）from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate and skin cancers in 24 U.S. states between 1984 and 1995 to determine the（12）of sunlight on the disease.（13）surprisingly, they found more deaths from skin cancer in sunnier（14）but the number of peopl

30、e who died from the other cancers was lower in the（15）areas. Working（16）in a sunny climate was also associated with（17）breast and colon cancer deaths but not（18）the other cancers. Freedman said more research is needed to（19）the association between sunlight and（20）cancers.问题1选项A.exposureB.additionC.r

31、esolutionD.solution问题2选项A.potentialB.protectiveC.insufficientD.effective问题3选项A.signifyB.prescribeC.reassureD.suspect问题4选项A.agriculturalB.beanC.meatD.dairy问题5选项A.withB.beyondC.atD.in问题6选项A.portionsB.cellsC.diseasesD.illnesses问题7选项A.associationsB.conclusionsC.judgmentsD.illusions问题8选项A.orB.forC.butD.a

32、nd问题9选项A.ConstitutionB.ConferenceC.InstituteD.Operation问题10选项A.doneB.concernedC.involvedD.reported问题11选项A.deathsB.painsC.sufferingsD.effects问题12选项A.degreeB.impactC.intensityD.depth问题13选项A.MoreB.NotC.MuchD.No问题14选项A.statesB.countriesC.citiesD.provinces问题15选项A.wetB.windyC.sunshineD.dry问题16选项A.heavilyB

33、.outdoorsC.offensivelyD.hard问题17选项A.moreB.manyC.lessD.fewer问题18选项A.withB.forC.onD.to问题19选项A.indicateB.propelC.explainD.generate问题20选项A.otherB.vitalC.certainD.severe【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C第6题:B第7题:A第8题:D第9题:C第10题:D第11题:A第12题:B第13题:B第14题:A第15题:C第16题:B第17题:D第18题:A第19题:C第20题:C【解析】（1）exposure暴露；add

34、ition増加；resolution决心；solution解决。根据句意：过度暴露在太阳紫外线下会导致皮肤癌。选项A符合句意。（2）potential潜在的；protective防护的；insufficient不足够的；effective有效的。根据句意：阳光可能对某些癌症有一定的预防作用。选项B符合句意。（3）signify表示, 预示；prescribe规定；reassure使.安心；suspect怀疑, 猜想。根据句意：他们猜想, 所谓的阳光维他命维他命D.”, 选项D符合原文。（4）agricultural农业的；bean豆类；meat 肉；dairy奶制品。dairy product

35、s为固定搭配。（5）at the speed of为固定短语, 意为“以.的速度”。（6）portions部分；cells细胞；diseases疾病；illness病痛。这里指癌细胞, 用cancer cell。（7）associations关系；conclusions结论；judgment判断；illusions例子。根据句意：这项研究发现住宅和职业暴露在阳光下与女性乳腺癌和结肠癌的死亡率呈负相关。选项A符合句意。（8）“住宅和工作场所所接收阳光照射的程度”与“女性乳腺癌和结肠癌的死亡率”是并列关系, 用and, 选项D正确。（9）constitution宪法；conference会议；in

36、stitute研究所；operation操作。根据原文可知这里指国家癌症研究所。选项C正确。（10）根据原文：在职业与环境医学的研究报告中, .。选项D符合原文。（11）根据下文, 他们发现阳光充足的州皮肤癌死亡率较高。由此推断选项A符合原文。（12）词义辨析题。degree程度；impact影响；intensity强度；depth深度。根据原文可知这里是研究阳光对癌症的影响, 选项B符合原文。（13）根据原文可知研究发现与他们之前的假设基本一致, 所以应该用not surprisingly, 表示不出所料。（14）细节判断题。根据上文可知是美国各州之间的数据对比, 这里也应该填入states

37、, 所以选项A符合原文。（15）细节判断题。根据上文的sunnier states, 可以推断这里也应该指阳光充足的地区, 选项C符合原文。（16）根据下文的sunny climate, 可知这里指户外工作, 选项B符合原文。（17）细节判断题。根据上文提到的, 阳光充足的州皮肤癌死亡率较高, 而这些地区其他癌症的死亡率却低得多。由此推断, 这里指死亡率更低, 根据后面的deaths可推断应用fewer修饰, 所以选项D正确。（18）固定搭配。be associated with与.相关。（19）indicate指出；propel激励；explain 解释；generate使形成, 发生。根据

38、句意：弗里德曼说, 还需要更多的研究来解释阳光和某些癌症之间的联系。选项C符合句意。（20）这里强调的是阳光与具体的某种癌症的关系, 所以选项C更符合原文。17. 单选题The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving（）for the states and liberty for individuals.问题1选项A.autonomyB.dignityC.monopolyD.stability【答案】A【解

39、析】autonomy自治；dignity尊严,高贵；monopoly垄断；stability稳定性。句意：撰写美国国家宪法的人试图建立一个高效的国家政府,即能保证各个州的自治,又能保证个人的自由。选项A符合句意。18. 单选题Very few experts have（）with complete new answers to the worlds economic problems.问题1选项A.come toB.come aroundC.come upD.come on【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。come to达到；come around恢复；come up with提出；come on

40、快点。句意：很少有专家能对世界经济问题提出全新的答案。选项C符合句意。19. 单选题The remarkable（）of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.问题1选项A.classificationB.varietyC.densityD.diversion【答案】B【解析】词汇题。variety变种,多样,种种；classification分类,类别,级别；density稠密,密度；diversion转移,消遣。根据句意，这里应该是生命的多样性。选项B正确。句意：加拉帕戈斯群岛上生命的显著多样性启发了查尔斯达尔文建立了他的进化论。20. 单选题People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in（）populated areas.问题1选项A.denselyB.intenselyC.abundantlyD.highly【答案】A【解析】副词辨析。densely浓密地、稠密地；intensely激烈地、热情地；abundantly丰富地；highly高地，非常。句意：住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。选项A符合句意。