七年级英语下册Unit7Abilities词汇与语法基础训练新版牛津版

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1、Unit 7 Abilities知识精讲一、必背词汇ability n. 能力believe vt. 相信seat n. 座位send vt. 发送；邮寄even adv. 甚至able adj. 能，能够pay vi. &vt. 付费notebook n. 笔记本raise vt. 募集brave adj. 勇敢的save vt. 救，救助smoke n. 烟，烟雾 vi. &vt. 吸（烟），抽（烟）badly adv. 严重地，厉害地hurt adj. 受伤的 vt. &vi. 使受伤，伤害；疼could modal v.（can的过去式）可以，能，会pour vt. 倾倒protect

2、 vt. 保护rush vi. 冲，奔wet adj. 湿的；未干的；有雨的blanket n. 毯子fireman n. （pl. firemen）消防员burn vt. &vi. 烧伤；烧moment n. 时刻；片刻，瞬间nod vi. &vt. 点头careful adj. 仔细的，认真的；小心的reporter n. 记者news n. 新闻, 消息newspaper n. 报纸match n. 火柴rubbish n. 垃圾，废弃物bin n. 垃圾箱camera n. 照相机X-ray n. X光，X射线term n. 学期hard adv. 努力地；费力地article n.

3、文章careless adj. 粗心的piano n. 钢琴better adv. （well的比较级）较好，更好violin n. 小提琴show vt. 教；演示；展示sir n. 先生madam n. 女士；夫人recommend vt. 推荐award n. 奖；奖品；奖金part n. 部分need n. （食物、钱等的）短缺，缺乏lose vt. 迷失；丢失before conj. 到为止；在之前二、重点词汇1. ability noun /bl.ti/the physical or mental power or skill needed to do something（体力或智

4、力方面的）能力；才能，才智例句： Theres no doubting her ability. 她的能力毋庸置疑。Shes a woman of considerable abilities. 她是个非常有才干的女性。I have children in my class of very mixed abilities 我班里孩子们的能力参差不齐。2. raise verb /rez/1). to lift something to a higher position举起；抬起；提起例句： Would all those in favour please raise their hands?

5、 赞成的人请举手好吗？He raised the window and leaned out. 他把窗户推上去后探出身子。2). to cause something to increase or become bigger, better, higher, etc.增加；提高；改善例句： The government plan to raise taxes. 政府计划增税。I had to raise my voice to make myself heard over the noise. 在一片喧哗声中，我不得不提高嗓门好让大家听见。3). to cause to exist引起，导致；

6、使存在例句： Her answers raised doubts in my mind. 她的回答使我心里感到疑惑。The announcement raised a cheer/laugh. 该通知引起大家一片欢呼哄堂大笑。4). to take care of a person, or an animal or plant, until they are completely grown养育；喂养；种植例句： The farmer raises (= breeds) chickens and pigs. 这个农场主饲养鸡和猪。The soil around here isnt good e

7、nough for raising crops. 这附近地区的土壤不够肥沃，不能种庄稼。3. protect verb /prtekt/to keep someone or something safe from injury, damage, or loss保护，防护例句：Its important to protect your skin from the harmful effects of the sun. 保护皮肤不受太阳的伤害是很重要的。Vitamin C may help protect against cancer. 维生素C可能有助于抗癌。4. award verb & no

8、un. /wd/v.to give money or a prize following an official decision给予，授予；判给，裁定例句： Carlos was awarded first prize in the essay competition. 卡洛斯被授予短文写作竞赛一等奖。The university has awarded her a $500 travel grant. 该大学发给她500美元的旅行补助。n.a prize or an amount of money that is given to someone following an official

9、 decision奖；奖项；奖金；奖品例句：They have authorized awards of 900 to each of the victims. 他们判给每一个受害者900英镑赔偿金。the Academy Award for Best Director 奥斯卡最佳导演奖5. careful adjective /ke.fl/giving a lot of attention to what you are doing so that you do not have an accident, make a mistake, or damage something仔细的；小心的；

10、认真的例句： Be careful with the glasses. 小心玻璃杯。Be careful to look both ways when you cross the road. 过马路时要注意向两边看。Michael is a very careful worker. 迈克尔工作起来很细心。三、必背短语believe it or not 信不信由你pay for 为付款look out 留神，当心save from 从中救出next door 在隔壁put out 扑灭by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说说no problem 没问题do well in 做得好at the

11、age of 在岁时take part in 参加hear from 收到的来信do/ try someones best 尽某人最大努力lose someones way 迷路Yours faithfully （用于书信结尾签名前）你忠实的四、经典句型1. How cool! 太棒了！2. What can we do for the children in poor areas?我们能为贫困地区的孩子做点什么呢？3. He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.他足够勇敢地从大火中救出了自己的邻居。4. Suddenly, h

12、e heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire! Help!”突然他听到有人喊：“着火啦！着火啦！救命！”5. That sounds dangerous. 听起来很危险。6. What nice music (it is)! 多好听的音乐啊！三点剖析一、考点1. 情态动词can/ could/ may情态动词本身有一定的意义，但它们没有人称和数的变化，需和动词原形一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度或语气。1). 情态动词can/ could 表示能力。can 意为“能，会”，是最常用的情去动词，用来读论某人现在的能力；could是can的过去式，用来谈论某人

13、过去的能力。例句： I couldnt understand his words last year, but now I can.去年我不能理解他的话，但现在我能理解了。2). 情态动词can/ could/ may表示许可。could 既可以是can的过去式，也可以是独立的情态动词，用来表达委婉、礼貌的请求许可，常用于疑问句中。用could 比用can 表达更有礼貌，而may 较正式。例句： -Could I try it on? 我可以试穿它吗？-Yes, you can./ No, you cant. 是的，你可以。/ 不，你不可以。【拓展】情态动词can 的其他用法：1). 表示可能

14、性。例句： He cant be a bad man. 他不可能是坏人。2). 表示惊讶或迷惑。例句： Can the news be true? 这个消息难道是真的吗？Where can Mr. Wang be now? 王先生现在究竟在哪儿呢？2. 感叹句感叹句是用来表达赞美、惊讶、喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常用what 或how 引导，句末加感叹号。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。1). what引导的感叹句句型(1) What( +不定冠词)+形容词+单数可数名词( +主语+谓语) !例句： What a hot day (it is)! (这是)多么热的一天啊

15、！What an honest man (he is)! (他是)多么诚实的一个人啊！(2) What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词( +主语+谓语) !例句： What big apples (they are)! (它们是)多大的苹果啊！What fine weather (it is)! 多好的天气啊！2). how引导的感叹句句型(1) .How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!例句： How kind the girl is! 这个女孩真善良啊！How well she dances! 她舞跳得多好啊！(2) How+主语+谓语!例句： How I wish to meet him s

16、oon! 我多么希望马上就见到他啊！二、易错点1. sometime; some time; sometimes; some times1). sometime用作副词时，意为“某个时候”，可指过去或将来的某个时候；用作形容词时，意为“间或的，偶尔的”。例句：It happened sometime last month. 此事发生在上个月的某个时候。2). some time作名词词组，意为“一段时间”；作副词词组，意为“在某时”，相当于sometime。例句：I stayed here for some time. 我在这儿待了一段时间。3). sometimes频度副词，意为“有时”。例

17、句：Sometimes they make model ships. 有时他们制作轮船模型。4). some times意为“几次”。例句：We have been there some times. 我们已经去过那儿几次了。2. spend, cost, pay, take1). spend常构成“sb. spends/spent+时间/钱+on+名词/(in) +v.-ing.+名词”句型，意为“某人花时间/钱在某事物上/做某事”。例句：I spent $100on the bike.我花了一百美元买下那辆自行车。She spent the whole afternoon (in) cle

18、aning the windows and the floors.她花了整个下午的时间打扫窗子和地板。2). cost主语多是“物”，常用于句型“sth. costs/cost (sb.) some money. 中，意思 是“某物花了(某人)一些钱”。例句：The shirt cost me five yuan. 我买那件衬衫花了五元钱。3). pay意为“付款”， 其主语为“人”，常用于句型sb. pays/paid.for sth.中，意思是“某人花钱买”。例句：Ill pay 10yuan for the book. 我要花10元钱买这本书。4). take多用于花费时间，常用句型是“

19、It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，意思是“某人花费时间做某事”。例句：It took the boy two hours to finish his homework.这个男孩子用了两个小时完成他的作业。题模精选题模一：Unit 7 词汇应用例1.1.1 -Will you carry the box for me, please?-Sure, _A no goodB no problemC no ideaD no way例1.1.2 2. 根据句意和首字母提示写出单词。1). The fire b_ the whole forest last w

20、eek.2). The traffic here is very busy. It is very d_ for children.题模二：情态动词can/ could/ may和感叹句例1.2.1 - Look! Is that your brother Johnson?- Oh, it _ be him. He is in London now.A cantB mustC mustntD neednt例1.2.2 根据汉语意思完成句子。1). 你应该带个毯子，夜里可能会有点冷。You should take a blanket because _ _ _ _ _ at night.2).

21、他真是个奇怪的人，他不和这里的任何人说话。_ _ _ _ he is! He doesnt talk to anybody here.3). 你妈妈对我们真友好! 替我对她说谢谢。_ _ your mother was to us! Say thanks to her for me.随堂练习随练1.1 Yesterday an old mans house was _ fire. And now he is _ hospital.A on; onB in; onC on; inD in; in随练1.2 I love my cousin very much. He is a lovely _

22、boy.A 8-years-oldB 8 years oldC 8-year-oldD 8 year old随练1.3 It is _ amazing thing that the little dog can play _ piano very well.A an; /B a; aC an; theD /; the随练1.4 根据句意和首字母提示写出单词。1. That old man was ill in h_.2. Its important for you to be careful _ fire. Or it will hurt you.3. Mr. Li put out the f

23、ire with a b_.4. Dont pour water _ her jacket.5. I heard a strange noise _ next door.6. Mr. Fang lives next to my room. Hes my good _.7. We often cook meals in the _.8. We should be _ when we cross the road.9. How _ the girl is! She saved an old man from the water.10. That girl is _ to go out at nig

24、ht. So she often stays at home and watches TV.随练1.5 Mr. Sun _ get out because he _ his leg.A couldnt; hurtedB couldnt; hurtC cant; hurtD cant; hurted随练1.6 -Could you please have a walk with me?-Sorry, I _. I have something important to do now.A mustntB needntC cantD may not自我总结课后作业作业1 - Look at my n

25、ew skirt!- How beautiful! _, where did you buy it?A On the wayB In the wayC By the wayD In this way作业2 The firemen _ water _ the building and _ the fire at last.A poured; over; put outB poured; on; put awayC pour; over; put onD pour; on; put out作业3 -Did you _ your grandparents last month?-No. They d

26、idnt go to school when they were young. So they cant read or write.A heard ofB hear ofC heard fromD hear from作业4 根据汉语意思完成句子。1. 你可以在高压锅上浇点水以使它冷却。You can _ the pressure cooker to make it cool.2. 父母应该让孩子们远离这些书籍。Parents should _ these books.3. 我听到从隔壁传来很多噪音,所以睡不着。I heard much noise _, so I couldnt get to

27、 sleep.4. 没人知道那天他出什么事情了。Nobody knows _ that day.5. 孙先生感谢他的邻居们帮助他从火中逃脱。Mr. Sun thanked his neighbours _ the fire.作业5 _ great fun we had in Yandu Park last Sunday!A HowB WhatC What aD How a作业6 -_ I know by what time you want the project to be done?-By the day after tomorrow. _ you finish it on time?A

28、May; CanB Must; NeedC Could; MustD Need; Would答案解析题模精选题模一：Unit 7 词汇应用例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】 考查情景交际用语，句意：请你为我搬这个箱子，好吗？当然,没问题。no good 意为“很糟，没有用”；no problem意为“没问题”；no idea 意为“不知道”；no way 意为“决不，一点也不”根据题意可知，“当然”之后用“没问题”最为贴切。故选B。例1.1.2【答案】 1). burnt2). dangerous【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。题模二：情态动词can/

29、could/ may和感叹句例1.2.1【答案】A【解析】 考查情态动词表推测，句意：看！那是你的弟弟约翰逊吗？哦，不可能是他。他现在在伦敦。cant 不可能，符合题意，故选A。例1.2.2【答案】 1). it can be a little cold2). What a strange man3). How friendly【解析】 考查本课语法的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】C【解析】 考查介词，句意:昨天一位老人的房子着火了，现在他在住院。be on fire 着火；be in hospital 住院。故选C。随练1.2【答案】C【解析】

30、 考查惯用表达方式，a lovely 8-year-old boy意为“一个八岁的可爱的男孩”。故选C。随练1.3【答案】C【解析】 考查冠词，句意：这是一件很令人惊奇的事，那条小狗弹钢琴弹得很好。第一空表示泛指，且amazing 以元音音素开头，故用an；第二空西洋乐器前常用定冠词the。故选C。随练1.4【答案】 1. hospital2. with3. blanket4. over5. from6. neighbour7. kitchen8. careful9. brave10. afraid【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。随练1.5【答案】B

31、【解析】 考查动词时态，句意：孙先生不能出来，因为他伤了他的腿。couldnt意为“(过去)不能”；hurt 的过去式为hurt。故选B。随练1.6【答案】C【解析】 考查情态动词辨析，句意：你能和我一起散步吗？对不起，我不能。我现在有重要的事情要做。mustnt“禁止”；neednt“不必”；cant“不能”；may not“可能不”。故选C。课后作业作业1【答案】C【解析】 考查固定搭配，句意：看我的新裙子!多么漂亮啊! 顺便问一下，你在哪儿买的？by the way 顺便问一下。故选C。作业2【答案】A【解析】 考查动词时态和动词词组辨析，pourover.“把倒在”；put out“扑

32、灭”。故选A。作业3【答案】D【解析】 考查动词词组辨析，hear from sb.表示“收到某人的来信；“Did+ 主语+动词原形”是行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句形式。故选D。作业4【答案】 1. pour some water over2. keep children away from3. from next door4. what happened to him5. for helping him out of【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。作业5【答案】B【解析】 考查感叹句，句意：上周日我们在盐渎公园玩得多高兴啊! fun 为不可数名词，所以感叹词用what，且后面不加冠词。故选B。作业6【答案】A【解析】 考查情态动词，句意：我可以了解一下这个项目你想截止到什么时间完成吗？到后天吧，你能按时完成吗？第一空表“请求许可”；第二空表“能力”。故选A。