2022年考博英语-南昌大学考试题库及模拟押密卷31（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英语-南昌大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题After that shock, his friends and family often advise him not to drink more wine is good for his health.问题1选项A.thatB.thanC.asD.but【答案】C【解析】考查连词的用法。根据句意，可知此处需要填入一个表示原因的连词。句意：在那次打击之后，他的朋友和家人经常劝他不要再喝酒了，因为这对他的健康有好处。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题The football club will new members the

2、 first week next month.问题1选项A.subscribeB.absorbC.registerD.recruit【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Subscribe “签署”；absorb “吸收；吸引”； register “登记”；recruit “征募”。句意：下个月第一周这个足球俱乐部会招募新成员。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题It should be that as individuals gifted students are endowed with certain attributes which represent their potential succ

3、ess in life.问题1选项A.remindedB.perceivedC.markedD.noted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。remind “提醒，使想起”；perceive “理解，认知”；mark “标志”；note “注意；记录”。句意：要认识到一点：作为个体，有天赋的学生被赋予了某些特性，这些特性代表着他们生命中潜在的成功。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题The manager lost his when he found that his secretary was half hour late for work.问题1选项A.mannerB.moodC.temperD.

4、passion【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。lose ones temper “发脾气”。句意：发现他的秘书上班迟到半小时，经理发了脾气。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题Computer equipment can become very quickly because new technology emerges so fast.问题1选项A.primitiveB.expiredC.raggedD.obsolete【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。primitive “原始的”；expired “过期的，失效的”；ragged “粗糙的”；obsolete “淘汰的；废弃的；过时的”。句意

5、：由于新技术的迅速出现，计算机设备可能很快就会过时。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题An astonishing fact that the murderer of the general manager was his own brother.问题1选项A.came outB.found outC.exposedD.came to light【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Come out “出现；出版”；find out “找出”；expose “揭露，揭发”；come to light “暴露，真相大白”。句意：一个惊人的事实被揭露：杀害总经理的凶手竟然是他的兄弟。选项C符合题意。7.

6、单选题That young woman there was a shop assistant; she is now a manager in our supermarket.问题1选项A.beforeB.preliminarilyC.formallyD.formerly【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。Before “以前，过去”；preliminarily “初步地”；formally “正式地”；formerly “以前，原来”。句意：那个女人之前是店员；现在成了一家超市的经理。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题In order to repair barns, build fence, g

7、row crop and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be _.问题1选项A.restlessB.ceaselessC.availableD.versatile【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。restless “焦躁不安的”；ceaseless “不断的”；available “可获得的”；versatile “多才多艺的”。句意：为了修复谷仓，建造栅栏，种植作物和照顾动物，农民需要学会各种技能。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do,

8、_ that he paid me back to following week.问题1选项A.on conditionB.on purposeC.on occasionD.only if【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。on condition “只要，以为条件” ；on purpose “有目的的”；on occasion “有时，偶尔”；only if “只要就”。句意：他问我借些钱，我同意借给他，前提是他（必须）下周还我。选项A符合题意。10. 单选题The unfair criticism left Norman quite with anger.问题1选项A.spellboundB.

9、speechlessC.silentD.mute【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。spellbound “出神的；被迷住的”；speechless “说不出话的”；silent “沉默的”；mute “哑的”。句意：不公平的批评让诺曼愤怒无语。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were .问题1选项A.in no wayB.on the contraryC.at a lossD.of no avail【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。in no way “绝不”；on the con

10、trary “相反”；at a loss “亏本地”； of no avail “无效，不起作用”。句意：在她遭受羞辱后要她留下来是徒劳无功的。选项D符合题意。12. 单选题About 5000 years ago, people in an area north of the Black Sea in southeastern Europe spoke a language called Proto-Indo-European, which is believed to be the ancestor of most European languages. These include the

11、 languages that became ancient Greek, ancient German and the ancient Latin.Latin disappeared as a spoken language. Yet it left behind three great languages that became modern Spanish, French and Italian. Ancient German became Dutch, Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish and one of the languages that de

12、veloped into English.The English language is a result of the invasions of the island of Britain over many hundreds of years. The first invasions were by a people called Angles about 1500 years ago. The Angles were a German tribe （部落）who crossed the English Channel. Later two more groups crossed to B

13、ritain. They were the Saxons and the Jutes. These groups found a people called the Celts, who had lived in Britain for many thousands of years. The Celts and the invaders fought. After a while, most of the Celts were killed, or made slaves. Some escaped to live in the area that became Wales. Through

14、 the years, the Saxons, Angles and Jute mixed their different languages. The result is what is called Anglo-Saxon or Old English.The next great invasion of Britain came from the far north beginning about 1100 years ago. Fierce people called Vikings invaded the coast areas of Britain. The Vikings cam

15、e from Denmark, Norway and other northern countries. They were looking to capture trade goods and slaves and take away anything of value. In some areas, the Vikings became so powerful they built temporary bases. These temporary bases sometimes became permanent. Later, many Vikings stayed in Britain.

16、 Many English words used today come from these ancient Vikings. Words like “sky，” “leg，” “skill,” “egg，” “crawl,” “lift” and “take” are from the old languages of the far northern countries.The next invasion of Britain took place more than 900 years ago, in 1066. History experts call this invasion th

17、e Norman Conquest.1. What is the general idea of the passage?2. Which of the following languages later developed into English?3. Old English is the mixture of the languages spoken by the following tribes which include_.4. Which of the following can best describe Vikings who invaded Britain about 110

18、0 years ago?5. What follows the passage is most probably about .问题1选项A.The early history of the English languageB.The origin of the English languageC.The varieties of the English languageD.The invasions of Britain问题2选项A.Proto-Indo-European languageB.Ancient GreekC.Ancient GermanD.Ancient Latin问题3选项A

19、.The Angles, the Saxons and the CeltsB.The Saxons, the Jutes and the CeltsC.The Angle, the Jutes and the CeltsD.The Angles, the Saxon and the Jutes问题4选项A.They were soldiersB.They were merchantsC.They were piratesD.They were sailors问题5选项A.the impact of the Norman Conquest on the British peopleB.the i

20、mpact of the Norman Conquest on the English languageC.the important events in the Norman ConquestD.the historical figures in the Norman Conquest【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了英语这门语言的起源以及发展，因此选项A符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段提到的Ancient German became Dutch, Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish an

21、d one of the languages that developed into English，可知选项C符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章第三段最后两句话Through the years, the Saxons, Angles and Jute mixed their different languages. The result is what is called Anglo-Saxon or Old English.可知选项D符合题意。4.判断推理题。文章第四段提到他们夺去贸易货物和奴隶，抢走任何有价值的东西(They were looking to capture trade

22、goods and slaves and take away anything of value)，由此可推测他们是海盗，选项C符合题意。5.判断推理题。文章第二段和第三段分别讲述了两次侵略对于英语这门语言的影响，最后一段提到the next invasion，由此可推测接下来会讲述这次侵略对语言的影响，因此选项B符合题意。13. 单选题Iceland lies far north in the Atlantic, with its northern most tip actually the Arctic Circle.问题1选项A.touchedB.touchingC.being touc

23、hedD.touches【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据前半部分内容可知句子已经有谓语部分，因此空格处不可能再出现谓语形式，因此可知只能选择非谓语动词。再判断出Iceland与 Arctic Circle是主动关系，因此选项B符合题意。句意：冰岛位于大西洋北部，最北端与北极圈相接。14. 单选题The zoo attendant opened the cage and tried hard to the tigers back in.问题1选项A.coaxB.induceC.pacifyD.reassure【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。coax “哄骗”；induce “引诱”；p

24、acify “使平静”；reassure “使安心”。句意：动物园管理员打开笼子，引诱老虎回去。选项B符合题意。15. 单选题Surprisingly perhaps, the biggest health risk for tourists travelling abroad is actually road traffic accidents.问题1选项A.potentialB.theoreticalC.definiteD.alternative【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。potential “潜在的，可能的” ；theoretical “理论的；理论上的”；definite “

25、一定的，确切的”；alternative “供选择的；选择性的”。句意：也许令人惊讶的是，对出国旅游的游客来说，最大的潜在健康风险实际上是道路交通事故。选项A符合题意。16. 单选题Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that will allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is tr

26、ue regardless of age.People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.Many expe

27、rts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessary to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate director of the national Institute on Aging. “Most of us dont need

28、 that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain metal alertness. Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they joy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brai

29、ns work.Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. He says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally activ

30、e as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. D.“The point is, you need to do both,” Cohen says. Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”1. People who are cognitively healthy are those .

31、2. According to Fozard, people can make their brains work more efficiently by .3. The findings of James and other scientists in their work .4. Older people are generally advised to .5. The passage is mainly about .问题1选项A.who can remember large amounts of informationB.who are highly intelligentC.whos

32、e minds are alert and receptiveD.who are good at recognizing different things问题2选项A.constantly doing memory workB.taking part in various mental activitiesC.going through specific trainingD.making frequent adjustments问题3选项A.remain to be further provedB.have been challenged by many other expertsC.have

33、 been generally acceptedD.are practiced by the researchers themselves问题4选项A.keep fit by going in for physical activitiesB.keep mentally active by challenging their brainsC.maintain mental alertness through specific trainingD.maintain a balance between individual and group activities问题5选项A.how bioche

34、mical changes occur in human brainB.why people should keep active both physically and mentallyC.how intellectual activities influence healthD.why people should receive special mental training as they age【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段提到当人们动脑筋的时候大脑会发生变化，使其在注意力和记忆等认知区域更有效地发挥作用（Researche

35、rs have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that will allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory），由此可知有善于动脑的人认知上更健康，因此选项C符合题意。2.细节事实题。文章第三段提到了Fozard的观点，他认为普通人没有必要去做大量的记忆训练，只要让思维保持警觉就可以（Such specific training

36、is of less interest than being able to maintain metal alertness），因此选项B符合题意。3.细节事实题。文章第三段最后一句话提到Fozard和其他人用不同的精神心理技能来挑战自己的大脑（Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they joy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the

37、 way their brains work），因此选项D符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第四段第二句话He says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age可知选项A符合题意。5.主旨大意题。文章第一二段提到研究人员证实当人们动脑筋时，会使得注意力和记忆等认知区域更有效地发挥作用；第三四段提到几位研究人员对这个观点的进一步说明，并且建议随着年纪增长，身体和精神都应该得到锻炼，因此选项B“为什么人们应该在身体和精神上都保持活跃”符合题意。17. 单选题This is an ideal site fo

38、r a university it is far from the downtown area.问题1选项A.provided thatB.now thatC.in thatD.so that【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。provided that “如果；条件是”；now that “既然，由于”；in that “因为，由于”；so that “以便，所以”。句意：这里是建大学的理想场所，因为它离市中心很远。选项C符合题意。18. 单选题There are nowadays not many teachers who are strong of traditional methods i

39、n classroom teaching.问题1选项A.sponsorsB.contributorsC.advocatesD.performers【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Sponsors “赞助商”；contributors “贡献者，参与者”；advocates “拥护者，提倡者”；performers “表演者，执行者”。句意：现在提倡在教学中使用传统方法的老师不多了。选项C符合题意。19. 单选题Geoffrey had been completely exhausted but felt considerably after a meal and a good rest.问

40、题1选项A.refreshedB.renewedC.regainedD.reshaped【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Refresh “使恢复”；renew “使更新”；regain “恢复”；reshape “改造”。句意：杰弗里已经完全筋疲力尽了，但在吃了一顿饭并好好休息了之后，他重新恢复神气。选项A符合题意。20. 翻译题亚洲是地球上最大的洲，面积占世界陆地近百分之三十，人口约占世界总人口的百分之六十。亚洲有巨大的市场需求潜力和坚实的发展基础。它还富有自然和人力资源。它有悠久的历史和文化。亚洲的多元文化生机勃勃，促进了它的发展。目前，世界正步入多元化的进程，经济全球化日益突出。这给

41、亚洲提供了新的机遇，同时也使它面临着挑战。【答案】Asia is the largest continent on earth, with nearly 30 percent of the world land area and 60 percent of the world population. Asia has a huge market with big potential and a solid foundation for development. It is also rich in natural and human resources. It has a long history and culture. The diversity of cultures in Asia is alive and has contributed to its development. At present, the world is entering the process of diversification, and economic globalization is increasingly prominent, which presents Asia with new opportunities as well as challenges.