2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第3期

《2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第3期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第3期（16页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题When making modern cameras people began to （ ）plastics for metal.问题1选项A.surroundB.substanceC.stretchD.substitute【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。surround “包围”；substance “物质；实质”；stretch “伸展，拉紧”；substitute “替代，代替”。句意：在制造现代相机时，人们开始用塑料代替金属。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题What she achieved in h

2、er research might （ ）what she had been expecting.问题1选项A.exceedB.exclaimC.excessD.extend【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。exceed“超过，胜过”；exclaim“大声说出”；excess “超过”，名词；extend“延伸，扩大”。句意：她在研究中的收获可能超过她的预期。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Gray clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10

3、. It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across some of the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowsto

4、rms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail“but with this weather?When Lewis climbed atop Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug. 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him

5、: “immense ranges of high mountains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow”. Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East. Lewis and Clark werent merely off the map; they were travelin

6、g outside the American imagination.Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is a testimony to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native-Americans who prize and c

7、onserve the path as a sacred gift. It remains today in virtually the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow seeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post office, the highest poi

8、nt on the trail at 7,033 ft., the drifts are 15 ft, and up. We have covered 12 miles in soft snow, and we barely have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken and couscous, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge. There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For fo

9、ur days we do not see another human being. We are isolated in a way that mixes fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.1.We learn from the passage that before 1805（ ）.2.Judging from the context, the word “trek” (Line 3, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to （ ）.3

10、.We learn from the passage that the Lolo Pass（ ）.4.Judging from the context. Lewis and Clark were most probably（ ）.5.We can infer from the passage that in crossing the Lolo Pass the author （ ）.问题1选项A.no Americans knew about the existence of the Rocky MountainsB.there were no people living in the wes

11、tern part of AmericaC.no one ever imagined going west to the Pacific OceanD.the Appalachians were the western frontier of the Unites States问题2选项A.a lonely walk in isolated countryB.a long hard journey over rough terrainC.a tough climb up high mountainsD.a journey over un-traveled pathways问题3选项A.rema

12、ins much as it was 200 years agoB.has changed a lot since 1805C.now attracts large numbers of touristsD.is the meeting point of two cultures问题4选项A.two native IndiansB.explorers of the early 19th centuryC.merchants who did business with the IndiansD.travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo P

13、ass问题5选项A.was following the trail of Lewis and ClarkB.was trying to set a world recordC.was attempting the impossibleD.was gambling with weather and taking unnecessary risks【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed（在当时的美国，没有人知道

14、落基山脉的存在）可知选A。第2题:词义题。由文章第一段中的It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains.（过去四天里，Bitterroot山脉一直在下雪）Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail可推测下雪天使爬山变得更加艰难，因此C选项“艰难的爬上高山”符合题意。trek表示“长途跋涉，艰难的旅程（尤指在山区）”。第3题:细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段的最后一句It remains today in vi

15、rtually the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.（如今它保持着与Lewis和Clark那时攀登上去一样的条件）可知A选项“保持和200年前一样”符合题意。第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中的When Lewis climbed atop Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug. 12, 1805（1805年8月12日， Lewis 爬上米苏拉以南140英里的 Lemhi Pass）和第三段中的Today their pathway through those mou

16、ntains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is a testimony to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships（今天，他们穿过这些山脉的路径比他们所走过的任何其他地方都更具吸引力，因为原始的荒野证明了两种文化的特征：勇于面对艰辛的探险家）可推测他们是19世纪早期的探险家，因此选B。第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的最后一句In o

17、ur imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.（在我们的想象中，我们终于赶上了Lewis 和Clark）可推测他们是在追寻Lewis和Clark的足迹，因此选A。4. 单选题If you ask an agent to help you find an apartment, you have to pay him a （ ）before you can rent the house.问题1选项A.fineB.premiseC.premiumD.visit【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fine “罚款”；prem

18、ise “前提，假定”；premium “额外费用，奖金，保险费”；visit “访问，参观”。句意：如果你让中介帮你找公寓，在你租房前需要支付额外费用给他。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题Under normal circumstances the body can （ ）these naturally occurring substances into vitamins.问题1选项A.convertB.renderC.deriveD.originate【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。convert转化，转变；render致使，提供；derive源于，获得；originate发源，发生。句意：在正

19、常情况下，身体可以将这些自然产生的物质转化为维生素。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题In Disneyland every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to （ ）signs asking his “guests” not to step on therm.问题1选项A.put downB.put outC.put upD.put off【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。put down镇压，贬低；put out熄灭，打扰；put up提供，建造，张贴；put off推迟，阻止。句意：在迪斯尼乐园，每年大约

20、有80万个植物被替换，因为迪斯尼拒绝张贴告示要求游客不要踩到植物。选项C符合句意。7. 单选题His total worldly possessions （ ）little more than the clothes he stood up in.问题1选项A.amounted toB.settled forC.turned offD.came at【答案】A【解析】词组辨析题。amount to总计；settle for勉强同意；turn off关闭；come at达到。句意：他的全部财产仅仅只有他所穿的衣服。这里是对他的全部财产进行一个总计，所以选项A更符合句意。8. 单选题They tr

21、ied to collect all the pictures they could （ ）.问题1选项A.lay their hands onB.capitalize onC.wash their hands ofD.make the best of【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。lay ones hands on意为“找到，得到，伤害”；capitalize on意为“充分利用某事物，从某事物中获利”；wash ones hands of意为“洗手不干，退出、不参与”；make the best of意为“充分利用”。句意：他们试图收集所有他们能找到的照片。9. 单选题The journa

22、list got the （ ）news that the famous actress would change her husband for the seventh time.问题1选项A.sentimentalB.sensationalC.sensibleD.sensitive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。sentimental意为“伤感的，多情的，多愁善感的”；sensational意为“轰动的，引起哗然的”；sensible意为“明智的，理智的，合理的”；sensitive意为“敏感的，易受伤害的”。句意：这位记者得到了一个轰动的消息，那就是这位著名女演员将第七次更换丈夫。10

23、. 单选题I have searched all the book stores in this town. The book you asked for is not （ ）.问题1选项A.tediousB.vividC.availableD.sufficient【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。tedious意为“冗长的，啰唆的，单调乏味的”；vivid意为“生动的，逼真的”；available意为“可找到的，可购得的，可获得的”；sufficient意为“足够的，充足的”。句意：我搜遍了这个镇上所有的书店，你要的那本书没有找到。11. 单选题A great many people are

24、 often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the （ ） of becoming white collar workers.问题1选项A.privilegeB.advantageC.profitD.preference【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。privilege “特权”；advantage “优势”；profit “利润，利益”；preference “偏爱，倾向”。句意：很多人愿意为白领阶层的优越性而放弃更高的工资。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题When his contract was （ ）unexpectedly, he desp

25、erately needed a new job.问题1选项A.accomplishedB.expiredC.fulfilledD.terminated【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。accomplish “完成，实现，达到”；expire “期满；终止”；fulfill “履行，实现，满足”；terminate “终止，结束”。句意：当他的合同被出乎意料地终止时，他极度需要一份新工作。选项D符合题意。13. 翻译题Marketing is important to organizations and consumers alike. It touches the lives of all

26、 members of society. All the goods and services you buy, the stores where you shop and the radio and TV programs paid for by advertising are there because of marketing. Each of you has been involved in marketing activities at one time or another. Perhaps you have tried to sell a used textbook back t

27、o the campus book store or to convince your parents to finance a spring vacation. You may not have known it at the time, but you were performing marketing activities. Marketing often has special importance for students. Many of you will work in marketingwhether in sales, retailing, advertising, or a

28、nother field-in a for-profit firm or a nonprofit organization. Through this chapter you will find some information in different areas of marketingin sales, advertising, marketing concept, marketing mix, marketing research, understanding buyer behavior, market segmentation(细分)and other areas.What doe

29、s a business firm do in our economy? Reduced to basics, businesses have two major functions: production of goods or creation of services and marketing those goods and services. To be successful in todays competitive marketplace, people in business realize that they must first determine peoples needs

30、 and wants, and then produce goods and services to satisfy them. A company, whether it is Ford Motor Company or a small retailer, is in business to create want-satisfying goods and services for its customers. Goods and services that do not satisfy consumers are forced out from the market, since cons

31、umers do not buy them.【答案】市场营销对组织来说很重要，对于消费者来说也同样重要。它涉及所有社会成员的生活。你购买的所有商品和服务，购物的商店，以及通过广告付费的广播和电视节目，都是源于市场营销。你们每个人都曾或多或少地接触过营销活动。也许你试图把一本用过的教科书卖给校园书店，或者说服你的父母为你的春节假期提供资金。你当时可能不知道，但你确实在进行营销活动。市场营销对学生来说往往具有特殊的重要性。你们中的许多人将在营利性公司或非营利性组织从事市场营销工作，无论是销售、零售、广告推销还是其他领域。经过这一时期，你会发现不同领域市场营销的一些信息，如销售、广告、营销概念、营销

32、组合、市场调研、消费者行为分析、市场细分等其他领域。企业在我们的经济中扮演什么样的角色呢？从根本上来说，企业有两个主要功能：生产商品或创造服务，以及对这些商品和服务进行市场营销。为了在当今竞争激烈的市场中取得成功，商界人士意识到他们必须首先确定人们的需求，然后生产商品和服务来满足这些需求。任何一家公司，无论是福特汽车公司还是一家小型零售商，都致力于为客户创造满足需求的商品和服务。无法让消费者满意的商品和服务将被市场淘汰，因为消费者不会购买。14. 单选题The British Library （ ）the right to a free copy of every new book publi

33、shed in the United Kingdom.问题1选项A.containsB.retiresC.retainsD.conveys【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。contain意为“包含，容纳”；retire意为“退休”；retain意为“保持，保留”；convey意为“传达，传递”。句意：在英国出版的每一版新书，大英博物馆都拥有免费获得一册的权利。15. 单选题Jennies, the former chairman of the oil company, criticizes severely his（ ）whose false judgment led the company t

34、o bankruptcy.问题1选项A.successorB.offspringC.predecessorD.forefather【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。successor意为“接替者，继任者，接替的人或事物”；offspring意为“后代，子孙”；predecessor意为“前任，前辈”；forefather意为“祖先，祖宗”。由the former chairman（前董事长）可推测空格处指的他的继任者，因此选A。句意：前石油公司董事长詹尼尔斯严厉批评他的继任者，他的错误判断导致公司破产。16. 单选题I was about to （ ）a match when I remembe

35、red Toms warning.问题1选项A.rubB.hitC.scrapeD.strike【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。rub摩擦；hit打击，碰撞；scrape刮擦；strike撞击，打，擦。strike a match为固定搭配，表示“划火柴”。句意：我正要划火柴时想起了汤姆的警告。所以选项D正确。17. 单选题A（ ）examination is one which is in preparation for something.问题1选项A.predominantB.prematureC.preferableD.preliminary【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。pre

36、dominant“主要的，卓越的”；premature “早产的，不成熟的”；preferable “更好的，更可取的”； preliminary “初步的，开始的，预备的”。句意：初试是为某事做准备的一种考试。选项D符合题意。18. 翻译题环境与我们的生存息息相关。越来越严重的环境污染影响了我们的生活，我们 理当应该更加重视环境保护问题。近年来，由于车辆和工厂不断增加，空气和生活品质也不断恶化。此外，许多人缺乏公德心，乱丢垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，农民大量使用化学药物使食物中毒事件一再发生。长此下去，我们将呼吸不到新鲜的空气，喝不到纯净的水，吃不到营养的食物了。正因为问题很严重

37、，环境污染受到了各个国家政府的关注。就拿中国政府为例，2001年，全国环境污染治理投资为1106.6亿元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也会公开谈论政府对于环境污染的新举措。总的来说，环境污染加剧的情况得到了一些控制。毕竟，我们只有一个地球可以居住，保护环境非常重要。我们主张严格控制环境以保护环境。同时，不仅仅是政府，每一个人，不管你住在哪里，都应该尽力保护环境。以免其恶化。【答案】The existence of humans is directly bound with the environment in which we live. We should pay more attention

38、to environmental protection because of the influence of more and more serious environmental pollution on our living.In recent years, with the increasing number of cars and factories, the quality of air and living is worsening. In addition, lacking of social morality, some people litter rubbish at wi

39、ll, which contaminates lakes and rivers. Whats worse, farmers overusing chemical drugs lead to repeated incidents of food poisoning. If the situation goes on like this, we wont have fresh air to breathe, pure water to drink, or nourishing food to eat.Different governments attach great importance on

40、environmental pollution due to the severity of the situation. Take Chinese government as an example, in 2011, the investment for environmental pollution treatment come to 110.66 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3 percent compared with the previous year. And people talked openly about the governments n

41、ew measures against environmental pollution. In short, the tendency to worsening environmental pollution has been controlled.After all, there is only one earth. It is very important to protect environment. We advocate strict control of pollution to protect environment. Meanwhile, everyone, besides t

42、he government, no matter where you are, should try ones best to prevent the environment from deteriorating.19. 单选题Physically we feel comfortable. But （ ）, we suffer a lot.问题1选项A.psychologicallyB.moderatelyC.naturallyD.precisely【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。psychologically “心理上地”；moderately “适度地”；naturally “自然地”；precisely “精准地”。句意：我们身体上很舒服，但是精神上备受折磨。选项A符合题意。20. 单选题This ticket （ ）you to a free boat tour on the lake.问题1选项A.entitlesB.appointsC.grantsD.credits【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。entitle给某人权利或资格；appoint任命，委派；grant授予，允许；credit信任，归功于。句意：这张票使你有资格免费在湖上乘船游览。选项A符合句意。