谓语的选择汇总PPT课件

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1、 他的许诺是靠不住的。 His promises are written in water. 他勉勉强强地帮助了我。 He helped me with half a heart. 我父亲饱经风霜。 My father experienced the wheel of fortune. 无论如何我们必须坚持。 We must stick to it whether or not. 他心甘情愿认输了。 He admitted his failure with a good grace.第1页/共51页热词看世界Bed gravity第2页/共51页Bed gravity is an irresi

2、stible force that draws you back to bed, or toward any mattress, couch, or other soft horizontal surface.It is usually stronger when one or more persons are already sleeping on that furniture, or when you are woken up by the alarm while dreaming a beautiful dream.You can take a deep breath and fill

3、your lungs with air. Then stretch deeply to wake up your limbs. Listen to the music which you like and smile to yourself. All these steps can make you feel more positive about starting your day.第3页/共51页床重力是一股让你难以抵抗的力量，能将你拉回床、床垫、沙发或者其他一切柔软可平躺的物体上。如果已经有人躺在这些物体上，或者正做着美梦，却被闹钟吵醒时，床重力的威力就会更大了。你可以深呼吸，让肺部注满

4、空气，然后伸展并唤醒四肢。听一些喜欢的音乐，并对自己微笑。这些方法都能使你充满正能量地开始一天的生活。第4页/共51页wake up naturally without alarm clockunprotected sleep have a cat napdoze off have a siesta do not sleep a winkhit the sacklight sleeper sleep around the clockmorning temperament/get up on the wrong side of the bed“睡觉”英文表达自然醒回笼觉打盹打瞌睡午睡一夜没合眼倒

5、头就睡睡觉轻的人睡了一整天起床气第5页/共51页Make your whole years plan in the spring and the whole days plan in the morning.Spring is the starter for a year as dawn is for a day.一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨。Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise. 早睡早起让人健康、富足又聪明。The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

6、第6页/共51页第7页/共51页第八讲 谓语的选择第8页/共51页温故而知新温故而知新英语静态汉语动态第9页/共51页英汉练习英汉练习 He was a nonsmoker and a teetotaler. 他既不抽烟，也不喝酒。 She is the best hater Ive ever known. 我所认识的人当中，她最会记仇。 Since he lost his job, hes been a loner. 他失业以后就很不合群了。 Youre all clock watchers today！ 你们今天老是看着钟表等着下班（下课）啊！第10页/共51页 He is at his

7、books. 他在读书。 He has someone behind him. 有人给他撑腰。 The government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth. 这个民有、民治、民享的政府将永存于世。 Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。（王佐良）第11页/共51页主要内容主要内容汉英谓语的差别汉英谓语的差别翻译的原则翻译的原则补充：非谓语动词补充：非谓语

8、动词第12页/共51页汉英谓语的差别汉英谓语的差别人称和数的变化人称和数的变化时态的变化时态的变化范围的差别范围的差别主谓词组的使用主谓词组的使用连动式和兼语式连动式和兼语式语态的差别语态的差别第13页/共51页1. 1. 人称和数的变化人称和数的变化 汉语的谓语无人称和数的变化，不管主语是单数还是复数，不管主语是第几人称，谓语的形态都不变。而英语的谓语有人称和数的变化，其单、复数和人称要依据主语来定。第14页/共51页例句例句 那位日本人已经来过中国20次了。 That Japanese has been to China for twenty times. 那些日本人已经来过中国20次了。

9、 Those Japanese have been to China for twenty times.第15页/共51页2. 2. 时态的变化时态的变化 汉语谓语动词本身显现不出时间的先后，其时间的先后往往是添加表示不同时间概念的词或者以动词排列的先后顺序表示出来的。但英语的谓语动词本身有时态、语态、语气的变化，谓语动词动作所发生的时间概念除添加表示时间的状语外，往往要通过谓语动词时态的变化来表现。第16页/共51页例句例句 他去年参军了。 He joined the army last year. 他每天晚上要8点才离开办公室。 He never leaves the office unt

10、il 8 oclock in the evening everyday. 秋天到来的时候，天气会很晴朗。 When autumn comes, the weather will be fine.第17页/共51页3.3.范围的差别范围的差别 汉语中，名词、形容词、数词和介词短语均可以直接作谓语；而在英语中，直接用名词、形容词、数词或介词短语作谓语的现象是没有的。因此，在将汉语中的以名词、形容词、数词或介词短语作谓语的这类句子译成英语时，往往要进行适当的转换。第18页/共51页例句例句 她的未婚夫都六十了。（数量词作谓语） Her fianc is already 60 years old. 鲁

11、迅，浙江人。（名词作谓语） Lu Xun was from Zhejiang. 北京的秋天最美。（形容词作谓语） Autumn is the most beautiful season in Beijing. 我爸爸今天不在家。（介词短语作谓语） My father is not at home today.第19页/共51页4.4.主谓词组的使用主谓词组的使用 汉语句子中的谓语可以是一个主谓词组，而英语的句子是不可以用主谓词组充当谓语的。在将以主谓词组作谓语的汉语句子译成英语时，往往要变换句式。第20页/共51页例句例句 东湖里鱼很多。 There are a lot of fish in

12、the East Lake. Fish abound in the East Lake. The East Lake abounds with/in fish.第21页/共51页5. 5. 连动式和兼语式连动式和兼语式 汉语中有两种语言现象在英语中是不以同一形式存在的，即连动式和兼语式。由于汉语的动词没有形态标志，而且非常习惯于连用，而英语的动词时时被赋予了严谨的定式和非定式形态，因此在将汉语的连动式和兼语式译成英语时，要首先确定主要的动词，其它动词则用不定式、分词、介词、名词等译出。第22页/共51页连动式例句连动式例句 由两个或两个以上的动词或动词性词组所构成的连动词组充当谓语的句子叫作连

13、动式。 他站起身来，走到门口，把它扔了出去。 He rose up, walked to the door, and threw it out. 他咳着从祖父的房间里慢慢走出来。 （家） Coughing, he strolled out of the room of Grandpa.第23页/共51页兼语式例句兼语式例句 兼语式是由兼语词组作谓语的句子。兼语词组由一个动宾词组和一个主谓词组套在一起组成，动宾词组在前，主谓词组在后，动宾词组的宾语兼作主谓词组的主语，形成“动词+兼语+兼语的陈述部分”结构。 我请他帮忙。 I asked him to lend me a hand. 人们都认为他

14、是个天才。 People all consider him a genius.第24页/共51页6.6.语态的差别语态的差别 汉语的谓语动词多用主动式，但有时也必须用被动式，相比之下，英语的被动句用得比较多，而且英语的被动句有形式标志，即 “be/get/become+动词的过去分词”。汉语的被动句分为两种，即有形式标志的被动式和无形式标志的被动式。第25页/共51页无形式标志的被动句例句无形式标志的被动句例句 据了解，该地区具有丰富的自然资源。 It is known that there are plenty of natural resources in that area./That

15、area is known to be rich in natural resources. 明年将出版更多的书籍。 A great number of new books will be published next year. 第26页/共51页翻译的原则翻译的原则人称和数与主语一致与主语逻辑搭配得当时态与原文吻合与宾语搭配得当常用系表结构作谓语选用一个主要动词作谓语译成被动式第27页/共51页1. 1. 应在人称与数上与主语保持一致应在人称与数上与主语保持一致 王教授精通好几门外语，他有资格在那种场合担任译员。 Professor Wang, who has a good command

16、 of several foreign languages, is qualified to be an interpreter on that occasion. As Professor Wang has a good command of several foreign languages, he is qualified to be an interpreter on that occasion. Having a good command of several foreign languages, Professor Wang is qualified to be an interp

17、reter on that occasion.第28页/共51页2. 2. 必须与主语在逻辑上搭配得当必须与主语在逻辑上搭配得当 你的教学科研取得了长足的进步，但不应因此而自满。 You have made great progress in teaching and research but you should guard against complacency. 这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。 The tour will include Beijing, Shanghai, and Xian for choice.第29页/共51页3. 3. 必须保持时态与原文语义相吻合必须保

18、持时态与原文语义相吻合 封建社会代替了奴隶社会，资本主义代替了封建主义，社会主义经历一个过程发展后必然代替资本主义。 Feudal society replaced slavery society, capitalism supplanted feudalism, and, after a long time, socialism will necessarily supersede capitalism.第30页/共51页4. 4. 必须与宾语搭配得当必须与宾语搭配得当 热腾腾的晚餐已摆好在桌上。 Hot meals were served on the dinner table. 五分钟之

19、内，我们是不可能解出这道题的。 We cant work out the problem within five minutes. 他高度赞扬了英雄的业绩。 He sang high praises for the deeds of the hero.第31页/共51页 到麦当劳去吃什么？有人总结说：吃时髦，吃清洁，吃快捷，吃氛围，吃档次，吃高雅。闹了半天，还没有涉及“吃饱肚子”。 For what do we go to the McDonalds? Summarized are the following answers: for its popularity, for its remar

20、kable cleanness, for its instant services, for its exotic atmosphere, for its super quality, for its elegant consumption. With so many “fors”, yet we have not come to “for our stomach”.第32页/共51页5. 5. 常采用系表结构作谓语常采用系表结构作谓语 原文若是形容词短语、名词性短语、数量词或介词短语作谓语，译文中常常采用系表结构作谓语。 连系动词分为三类：be 动词，感观动词，趋势动词。 1) Be 动词：

21、am, is, are, was, were 2) 感观动词：sound, look, taste, feel, smell 3) 趋势动词：appear, become, grow, get, turn, seem, remain, go第33页/共51页 这件事告诉我们，他为人不诚实。 This incident showed that he was dishonest. 这种打字机轻便高效，经久耐用又经济实惠，适合高中学生使用。 This type of typewriter is portable and efficient, durable and economical, it is

22、 practical for high school students.第34页/共51页6. 6. 选择一个主要动词作谓语选择一个主要动词作谓语 市政府采取各种措施招商。 The city government takes many measures to invite investment. 海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统(bio-support system) 的一个基本组成部分。 The ocean, which covers 71 percent of the earths surface, is a basic component of the global bio

23、-support system.第35页/共51页7. 7. 译成被动式的谓语译成被动式的谓语 1）原文若为有形式标志的被动式，译文中亦用被动式作谓语 四川被称为“天府之国”。 Sichuan is noted as The Land of Abundance. 一切科技成就是建立在理性思维的基础上的，没有理性思维就不可能有科学。 All scientific and technological achievements are founded on rational thinking, without which there would have been no science.第36页/共

24、51页 2）原文若为无形式标志的被动式，译文通常亦选择被动句式作谓语 困难克服了，工作完成了，问题也解决了。 The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved. 运费包括在价格里。 The shipping charges are included in the price.第37页/共51页 3）若不知道原文谓语动作的发出者是谁，或者原文的主语为“人们”、“大家”等，或者句中含有“据说”、“据传”、“据悉”等字眼，译文的谓语常用被动句式。 据说，核电站正在筹建中。 Nu

25、clear power plants are said to be under preparation for construction. It is said that nuclear power plants are under preparation for construction.第38页/共51页 4）若要突出宾语，则往往将宾语置于主语的位置上，动词采用被动句式 下一章提供了有关细节。 The details concerned are provided in the next chapter. 第39页/共51页非谓语动词练习非谓语动词练习 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，

26、主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。第40页/共51页 医生提醒病人手术后不要吃油腻的食物。 The patient was warned ( ) greasy food after operation. 我将非常感激您今天下午给我回电。 I would appreciate ( )this afternoon. 多年未见，我很想念她。 ( ), I miss her very much. 预留的座位在哪？ Where are the ( ) seats?not to eatyour calling b

27、ackNot having seen her for ages reserved第41页/共51页 站在山顶上我们可以看到全城。 ( ), we can see the whole city. 团结则成功，分裂则失败。 ( ), we succeed, ( ), we fail. 他们生长在乡村，从未见过ipad。 ( ) in rural villages, they have never seen an ipad. 只要给机会，我们会做得更好。 ( ), we would do it better.Standing on the top of the mountainUniteddivid

28、edBorn and brought upGiven a chance第42页/共51页第43页/共51页Dear Basketball,From the momentI started rolling my dads tube socksAnd shooting imaginaryGame-winning shotsIn the Great Western ForumI knew one thing was real: I fell in love with you. A love so deep I gave you my all From my mind & bodyTo my spir

29、it & soul.致我最爱的篮球 小时候我穿着爸爸的直筒袜，想象着在大西部论坛球馆投球获胜的样子当时我就真切地知晓： 我爱上了你 倾其所有地爱上了你我给你我的心灵和身体给你我的精神和灵魂第44页/共51页As a six-year-old boyDeeply in love with youI never saw the end of the tunnel.I only saw myselfRunning out of one. And so I ran.I ran up and down every courtAfter every loose ball for you.You asked

30、 for my hustleI gave you my heartBecause it came with so much more.六岁的我深深爱上了你我未曾想过结果只是执着地不断前进 不断奋斗我在篮球场挥洒汗水只为争取得到你你告诉我要动作敏捷我将自己的一切全心全意献给你因为你给予我的太多 第45页/共51页I played through the sweat and hurtNot because challenge called meBut because YOU called me.I did everything for YOUBecause thats what you doWhe

31、n someone makes you feel asAlive as youve made me feel.我在汗水伤痛中坚持着并非因为我想挑战自己而是因为你在召唤我我的一切只为你因为你即是如此你被赋予了生命，正如你赋予我生命 第46页/共51页You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dreamAnd Ill always love you for it.But I cant love you obsessively for much longer.This season is all I have left to give.My heart can ta

32、ke the poundingMy mind can handle the grindBut my body knows its time to say goodbye. 你成就了一个六岁孩童的湖人梦至此我永远爱你但我无法继续迷恋你这个赛季是我献给你的绝唱我的心能够承受打击我的意志能够战胜煎熬但我的身体知道，该说再见了 第47页/共51页And thats OK.Im ready to let you go.I want you to know nowSo we both can savor every moment we have left together.The good and the

33、 bad.We have given each otherAll that we have. 很好我决定放手现在我想让你知晓这样我们便可珍惜剩下的时光无论好的坏的我们都已给予对方我们共同拥有 第48页/共51页And we both know, no matter what I do nextIll always be that kidWith the rolled up socksGarbage can in the corner5 seconds on the clockBall in my hands.5 4 3 2 1 Love you always,Kobe你我都明白，不管今后我做什么我依旧是那个穿着老爸的直筒袜瞄准角落里的垃圾罐倒数5秒手中握着篮球5 4 3 2 1 永远爱你的，科比 第49页/共51页P. 100 Part B第一题第三题第50页/共51页感谢您的观看。第51页/共51页