2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第63期

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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题A most （ ）argument about who should go and fetch the bread from the kitchen wasgoing on when I came in.问题1选项A.trivialB.delicateC.minorD.miniature【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。trivial “不重要的，琐碎的”；delicate “微妙的，精美的”；minor “次要的，较小的”；miniature “微型的，小规模的”。句意：当我进来的时候，一场极琐碎的就谁应该去

2、鸡的面前捡回面包的争吵正在进行。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题I didnt sent out my application form last week, but I（ ）.问题1选项A.had toB.should haveC.would doD.might have to【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我上周没有发申请表格，但是我本来应该发的。选项C符合题意。3. 翻译题中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不 足，后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为 后起之秀。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、

3、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以去贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆！它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作 了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和现今的科技成 果。【答案】The first generation museums of sciences are those

4、 devoted to natural history, which demonstrate the evolutionary changes of the earth and organisms through fossils and specimens. The second ones are museums of industrial technology exhibiting achievements generated in the industrial age. These two kinds of museums, though disseminate the knowledge

5、, regard their visitors as passive viewers.The third generation museums are filled with new concepts. Here, visitors can operate by themselves, which enables them to understand advanced technologies better and help them probe into the wonders of science and technology.4. 单选题The magician picked sever

6、al persons（ ） from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.问题1选项A.by accidentB.on occasionC.on averageD.at random【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。By accident “偶然地”；on occasion “有时”；on average “平均地”；at random “随意地，任意地”。句意：魔术师从观众中随便挑了几个人协助他进行表演。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题The children cheered up when they saw hu

7、ndreds of colorful balloons（ ） slowly intothe sky.问题1选项A.floatingB.raisingC.heavingD.ascending【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。float “漂浮，浮动”；raise “提升，增加”；heave “举起”；ascend “攀登，上升”。句意：看到数百只彩色的气球缓缓升入天空，孩子们欢呼起来。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题Mary once（ ） with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaborat

8、edC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。merge “混合”；collaborate “合作”；coincide “一致”；constitute “组成，构成”。句意：玛丽曾经与另外一位音乐家合作写了一首流行曲。选项B符合题意。7. 单选题The Prime Minister refused to （ ）on the rumor that he had planned to resign.问题1选项A.explainB.commentC.remarkD.talk【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。explain “说明，解释”；comment “

9、评论”；remark “评论”； talk “谈话”。句意：首相拒绝就关于他计划辞职的传言发表看法。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally（ ） .问题1选项A.deterioratedB.dissipatedC.dispersedD.drained【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。deteriorate “恶化”；dissipate “浪费”；disperse “分散”；drain“排水；耗尽”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他对工作的热情慢慢耗尽了。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题Her in

10、terest in redecorating the big house kept her （ ）for a whole week. (98/6)问题1选项A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.occupied【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained “被强迫的”；dominated “占主导地位的”；restricted “受限制的；occupied “使用中的；无空闲的”。句意：她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修，为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题Im sure your suggestion will （ ）the p

11、roblem.问题1选项A.contribute to solvingB.be contributed to solveC.contribute to solveD.be contributed to solving【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。contribute to 后面要接名词或者动名词，选项A符合题意。11. 单选题Some people think that a（ ） translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than afree translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liber

12、alD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。literal “照原文的，逐字的”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题I am sure you would have seen her if you （ ）that evening.问题1选项A.had turned outB.had turned onC.had turned inD.had turned up【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组辨析。turn out “结果是”；turn on “打开”；tu

13、rn in “交上”；turn up “出现”。句意：我确信如果你那天晚上出现的话肯定能够看到她。选项D符合题意。13. 单选题The （ ）of the soil can be increased by using more fertilizers.问题1选项A.produceB.productC.productivityD.production【答案】C【解析】考查形似名词词义辨析。produce “产品”；product “产品，结果”；productivity “生产力”；production “成果，产品”。句意：通过使用更多肥料来提高土壤的生产力。选项C符合题意。14. 单选题It

14、 is bad manners to （ ） people where they are speaking.问题1选项A.interviewB.intimateC.interfereD.interrupt【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Interview “采访；面试”；intimate “暗示，通知”；interfere “干涉，打扰”；interrupt “打断，中断，打扰”。句意：打断他人说话是不礼貌的。选项D符合题意。15. 单选题He attends to the （ ）of important business himself.问题1选项A.transactionB.trans

15、itionC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。transaction “交易，业务”；transition “过渡，转变”；transmission “传送，播送”；transformation “转换”。句意：他亲自参与重要的商务会议。选项A符合题意。16. 单选题The presidential candidate（ ） his position by winning several primary elections.问题1选项A.consolidatedB.intensifiedC.enforcedD.enriched【答案】

16、A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。consolidate “巩固；intensify “使加强”；enforce “实施”；enrich “使充实”。句意：这位总统候选人赢得了最初的机场选举从而巩固了自己的地位。17. 单选题Out of （ ）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Perfect “完美的”；total “全部的”；sheer “绝对的；纯粹的”；integr

17、al “完整的”。句意：纯粹是出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人品，毁坏她的名誉。选项C符合题意。18. 单选题There are several landladies approved by the university who take in （ ）.问题1选项A.settlersB.lodgersC.residentsD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Settler “移居者”；lodger “房客”；resident “居民”；inhabitant “居民”。句意：大学批准了几位女房东接受房客。选项B符合题意。19. 单选题“There is a senseless

18、 notion that children grow up and leave home when theyre 18, and the truth is far from that says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. “There is a major shift in the middle class,” declares sociologist Allan

19、Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight mouths.Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate

20、 and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people fi

21、nd their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs.Living at home, says Kinghton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “Its ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It make sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home

22、 requires adjustments for all. They are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times-and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my

23、 dad considered an alcohol Problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so either had to hide away or meet them at friends9 house.”Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children struggling t

24、o establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom themselves stuck responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.1.According to the author, there

25、 was once a trend in the U.S.（ ） .2.Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to the nest（ ） .3.One of the disadvantages of young adults returning to stay with their parents is that（ ）4. The word “hassles” in the passage （Para 3. Line 4） probably means（ ） .5. According to th

26、e passage what is the best for both parents and children?问题1选项A.for young adults to leave their parents can live independentlyB.for middle class young adults to stay with their parentsC.for married young adults to move back home after a lengthy absenceD.for young adults to get jobs nearby in order t

27、o live with their parents.问题2选项A.Young adults find housing costs too highB.Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immatureC.Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support.D.Quite a number of young adults attend local schools问题3选项A.there will inevitably be inconveniences in everyda

28、y lifeB.most parents find it difficult to keep a bigger family goingC.the young adults tend to the overprotected by their parentsD.public opinion is against young adults staying with their parents问题4选项A.agreementsB.worriesC.disadvantagesD.quarrels问题5选项A.They should adjust themselves to sharing the f

29、amily expense.B.Children should leave their parents when they are grown up.C.Adult children should visit their parents from time to time.D.Parents should support their adult children when they are in trouble.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段提到以前有一种错误的观点：孩子到了18岁就应该离家独立；有社会学家称中产阶级中这一观念有着重大的转变。由

30、此可知，在以前的美国社会中，大多数成年的子女都会离开家庭独立生活，所以选项A符合题意。2.文章第二段提及年轻成年人返回家的原因：结婚年龄上升；离婚率上升和再婚率下降，使得情感受挫以及经济压力大的人重新寻求父母的庇护；去离家远的大学上学花费大，所以很多人都选择当地的大学。选项A、C、D都在文章中提到了，所以选项B符合题意。3.文章第三段提到年轻人与父母居住会造成生活上的一些不便，比如洗手间，电话和隐私的争议等等，选项A符合题意。4.hassles所在的句子：There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy.由前后问可知，这里

31、讲述的是年轻人与父母居住造成生活中的一些不便，所以hassles在这里有 “争论，争吵”的意思，比如关于洗手间、电话和隐私的争执。选项D符合题意。5.文章最后一段指出大多数心理学家认为成年子女与父母一起生活对双方都不好：子女本来想自我独立，却被挫败；父母本应该享受经济和个人自由，却又被责任束缚。选项C符合题意。20. 单选题Generally, it is only when animals are trapped that they （ ）to violence in order toescape.问题1选项A.proceedB.appealC.resortD.incline【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。proceed “开始”；appeal “呼吁，请求”；resort “诉诸”；incline “倾向”。句意：通常，动物只有在他们受困想要逃跑的情况下才会采取攻击行为。选项C符合题意。