2022年考博英语-西南大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第28期

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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The robbers broke into the bank, （ ）the clerks with revolvers and forced them to give money just as they were about to knock off.问题1选项A.shotB.frightenedC.amusedD.menaced【答案】D【解析】考察动词词义辨析。Shot “射击”； frightened “惊恐，使害怕”；amused “逗乐，使发笑”；menaced “威胁，恐吓”。句意：歹徒冲进银行

2、，在银行职员打算按警报器的时候用枪威胁他们，强迫他们把钱拿出来。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Reading （ ）the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.问题1选项A.rectifiesB.prolongsC.furnishesD.minimizes【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。Rectifies “修正，校正”；prolongs “延长，拖延”； furnishes “装饰，提供信息”； minimizes “使最小化，把.减至最少”。句意：阅读仅仅可以

3、使我们学到知识，而思考却可以让我们读懂自己。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题Before the bank was willing to lend him money, it had to （ ）that he was the true owner of the house.问题1选项A.verifyB.entrustC.acknowledgeD.grant【答案】A【解析】考察动词词义辨析。verify “核实，查证”；entrust “委托，信托”；acknowledge “承认，答谢”；grant “授予”。句意：在贷款给他之前，银行会先证实他是否是这房子真正的主人。选项A符合题意。4. 单

4、选题An obvious change of attitude at the top towards womens status in society will（ ）through the current law system in Japan.问题1选项A.permeateB.probeC.violateD.grope【答案】A【解析】考察动词词义辨析。permeate “渗透”；probe “探索”；violate “违反”；grope “摸索，探索”。句意：上层社会对女性在社会中地位的态度发生了明显的变化，这种变化对日本现行的法律体系产生了影响。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题The （ ）

5、in Janets character has hindered her from advancement in her career.问题1选项A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析。weakness“弱点，嗜好”；merit“优点，长处”；defect “缺点，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺点，短处”。句意：Janet性格上的缺陷阻碍了她的事业上升。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题The Du Pont Company, the 13th largest employer in the U.S.，routinely g

6、ives pre-employment blood tests to all blacks who apply for jobs to determine who might be a carrier of the trait for sickle-cell anemia, even though the trait is regarded as largely harmless. Although there are other genetically transmitted blood diseases and metabolic disorders that predominate in

7、 racial or ethnic groups, blacks are the only ones to be identified with a disease and examined for it at Du Pont. In a three month study of genetic screening in the American workplace, the New York Times found no other instance of an ethnic or racial group singled out in an organization or company.

8、 Du Pont officials emphasize that the sickle trait tests do not represent discrimination and are only an effort to help them avoid potentially harmful exposure to certain chemicals. Yet the officials can offer no firm evidence that the trait not the disease, but only a single abnormal gene makes bla

9、cks more vulnerable. Du Pont, which employs well over 100,000 workers, is in the vanguard of American companies doing genetic screening and thus is at the center of the debate over this area of science, debate so intense, so broad, that even medical directors from other companies who believe the pos

10、sibilities of genetic screening want no part of it. At least, now the officials at Du Pont Company, a leader in the chemical industry with annual gross sales of more than $ 10 billion, feel they have the money and the scientists to turn the distrust into achievement. If some chemicals are highly tox

11、ic and the workplace is less than pure, company officials reason, it is only logical to try to determine why some workers get sicker faster and why others seem to have more tolerance for industrial poisons. And so the company is looking beyond the skills and loyalty of its workers to genetic structu

12、re.The sickle-cell trait is not the same as sickle-cell anemia. The anemia is rare but debilitating disorder found in fewer than 50,000 American blacks, about two-tenths of a percent of the black population. Perhaps two million other blacks are carriers of the trait they are heterozygous. Virtually

13、all the carriers can lead very active lives and show no symptoms of the disease.1.What does the author say about Du Pont?2.What do Du Pont officials say?3.What is true about genetic screening?4.The underlined word toxic in the third paragraph probably means （ ）.5.What can we learn about the carriers

14、 of sick-cell trait?问题1选项A.It examined the blood of some blacksB.It examined some blacks for their knowledge of blood.C.It discovered that some blacks have blood illness.D.It discovered the blood of some blacks containing industrial chemicals.问题2选项A.They are trying to protect blacks form health thre

15、ats.B.They can prove that blacks are likely to have health problems.C.They regard the skills of workers as the most important matter.D.They hope that other companies can follow their example.问题3选项A.It often aims at black employees.B.Its focus is often on sickle-cell anemia.C.Some companies do not wa

16、nt to do it.D.The US government strongly supports it.问题4选项A.powerfulB.complexC.thickD.poisonous问题5选项A.Their number is about 50,000.B.They usually seem to have normal lives.C.They include over half of the black populationD.They do not seem to be affected by industrial chemicals.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:C第4题

17、:D第5题:B【解析】1.文章第一段提到Du Pont公司对来应聘的黑人进行血液检测（gives pre-employment blood tests to all blacks who apply for jobs），选项A符合题意。2.文章提到Du Pont公司官方发言人强调这种做法不是歧视，而是在帮助他们避免潜在的疾病威胁（Du Pont officials emphasize that the sickle trait tests do not represent discrimination and are only an effort to help them avoid pote

18、ntially harmful exposure to certain chemicals），选项A符合题意。3.文章提到Du Pont公司是美国做基因筛查的先锋（Du Pont, which employs well over 100,000 workers, is in the vanguard of American companies doing genetic screening），所以可以推测出一些公司并不想做这个筛查。选项C符合题意。4.题干中的 toxic 是“有毒的”的意思。powerful 有力的；complex 复杂的，thick 浓的；厚的；poisonous有毒的。选

19、项D符合题意。5.文章最后一句Virtually all the carriers can lead very active lives and show no symptoms of the disease提到实际上很多携带者可以很积极地生活并且不会有任何症状。选项B符合题意。7. 翻译题Translate the following short paragraphs into English如今，计算机在社会上起着重要的作用。他们明显地改变了我们工作、学习和购物 的方式。但是，尽管计算机产业正给我们带来以往梦想不到的好处，它也造成一些严重 的问题。譬如说，人们越来越担心电力通讯方面不道德的

20、行为。盗版、窃取数据以及病 毒破坏活动十分猖獗。这些行为应视作为犯罪吗？我们怎样才能制止这些行为？人们的 另一个忧虑与过分依赖计算机有关。计算机不像人们想象的那样可靠，因特网上的猎息 有可能是虚假的。更糟糕的是，过度依赖计算机也许会削弱我们进行挑剔思维的能力， 还会在人们之间造成陣碍。受海啸影响最轻的马来西亚，在海啸发生后，当地的第二大支柱产业一一旅游业一 一大受影响。1月19日马来西亚旅游部门的相关官员就表示，政府也在积极地采取对策， 希望能尽快地恢复各国游客的信心。马来西亚旅游局官员表示，海啸中马来西亚没有外 国游客死亡，旅游设施也完好，受影响的西岸一些酒店己经正常营业。【答案】Nowad

21、ays, computers play an important role in our society. They obviously change the way we work, study and shop. However, computer industry is offering benefits that we never dreamed of before, it also leads to some serious problems. For instance, there is an increasing concern over unethical behavior i

22、n electronic communication. Piracy, hacking and virus sabotage are rampant. Should these behaviors be regarded as crimes? How can we stop them? The other problem is about overreliance on computers. Computers are not as reliable as people think. Information on the Internet may be false. Whats worse,

23、overreliance may impair our critical thinking, and set up barriers between people.Tourism, the second biggest pillar industry in Malaysia, was affected after the tsunami which brought least damage to Malaysia. On Jan. 19, the relevant officials of Malaysian tourism department said that the governmen

24、t was actively taking countermeasures, expecting to restoring confidence of tourists from different countries. The officials said that no foreign tourists died and tourism facilities were intact. Some hotels damaged on the western coast have operated normally.8. 单选题I had eaten Chinese food often, bu

25、t I could not have imagined how （ ）and extravagant a real Chinese banquet could be.问题1选项A.fabulousB.graciousC.handsomeD.prominent【答案】A【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。fabulous “难以置信的；极好的”；gracious“亲切的；高尚的”；handsome“（男子）英俊的”； prominent“突出的，显著的”。句意：我经常吃中餐，但是我无法想象真正的中式宴会会有多么好，多么奢侈。选项A符合题意。9. 单选题Perhaps only a small boy t

26、raining to be a wizard at the Hog warts school of magic could cast a spell so powerful as to create the biggest book launch ever. Wherever in the world the clock strikes midnight on June 20th, his followers will flock to get their paws on one of more than 10m copies ofHarry Potter and the Order of t

27、he Phoenix. Bookshops will open in the middle of the night and delivery firms are drafting in extra staff and bleater trucks. Relaxed toys, games, DVDs and other merchandise will be everywhere. There will be no escaping Pottennania.Yet Mr. Potters world is a curious one, in which things are often no

28、t what they appear. While an excitable media (hereby including The Economist, happy to support such a fine example of globalization) is helping to hype the launch of J.K. Rowlings fifth novel about the most adventurous thing that the publishers (Scholastic in America and Britains Bloomsbury in Engli

29、sh elsewhere) have organized is a reading by Ms. Rowling in Londons Royal Albert Hail, to be broadcast as a Jive webcast. Hollywood, which owns everything else to do with Harry Potter, says it is doing even less. Incredible as it may seem, the guardians of the brand say that, to protect the Potter f

30、ranchise, they are trying to maintain a low profile. Well, relatively low.Ms Rowling signed a contract in 1998 with Warner Brothers, part of AOL Time Warner, giving the studio exclusive film, licensing and merchandising rights in return for what now appears to have been a steal: some $500,000. Warne

31、r licenses other firms to produce goods using Harry Potter characters or images, from which Ms Rowling gets a big enough cut that she is now wealthier than the queen-if you believe Britains Sunday Times rich list. The process is self generating: each book sets the stage for a film, which boosts book

32、 sales, which lifts sales of Potter products.Globally, the first four Harry Potter books have sold some 200m copies in 55 languages; the two movies have grossed over $1.8 billion at the box office. This is a stunning success by any measure, especially as Ms Rowling has long demanded that Harry Potte

33、r should not be over commercialized, in line with her wishes, Warner says it is being extraordinarily careful, at least by Hollywood standards, about what it licenses and to whom. It imposed tough conditions on Coca Cola, insisting that no Harry Potter images should appear on cans, and is now in the

34、 process of making its licensing programme even more restrictive. Coke may soon be considered too mass market to carry the brand at all.The deal with Warner ties much of the merchandising to the films alone. There are no officially sanctioned products relating to Order of the Phoenix; nor yet for Ha

35、rry Potter and Prisoner of Azkaban, the film of the third book, which is due out in June 2004. Warner agrees that Ms Rowlings creation is a different sort of commercial property, one with long-term potential that could be damaged by a typical Hollywood marketing blitz, says Diane Nelson, the studios

36、 global brand manager for Harry Potter. It is vital, she adds, that with more to come, readers of the bocks are not alienated. The evidence from our market research is that enthusiasm for the properly by fans is not waning.1.When the author says “there will be no escaping Potter mania”，he implies th

37、at （ ）.2.Ms Rowlings reading in Londons Royal Albert Hall is mentioned to show（ ）.3.The author believes that（ ）.4.Paragraph 4 intends mainly to flow Warners（ ）.5.It can be concluded from the last paragraph that（ ）.问题1选项A.Harry Potters appeal for the readers is simply irresistibleB.it is somewhat irr

38、ational to be so crazy about the magic boyC.craze about Harry Potter will not be over in the near futureD.Hogwarts school of magic will be the biggest attraction world over问题2选项A.publishers are really adventurous in managing the Potters businessB.businesses are actually more credible than media in P

39、otters worldC.the media are promoting Pottermania more actively than HollywoodD.businesses involved with Potter are moving along in an unusual way问题3选项A.Britains Sunday Times rich list is not very convincing as it soundsB.Time Warners management of licenses is a bit over commerciatizedC.other firms

40、may produce goods using Harry Potter images at willD.what Ms Rowling got in return for her offering to Warner is a real bargain问题4选项A.determination to promote PotterB.consistence in conducting businessC.high regard for Ms Rowlings requestD.careful restrictions on licensing to Coco-Cola问题5选项A.product

41、s of Potter films have brought enormous, profits to WarnerB.current Hollywoods marketing of Potter may damage its potentialC.readers could get tired of Ms Rowlings writings sooner or laterD.Warner will maintain the same strategy with Potter in future【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段讲述了哈利波特迷们的

42、世界性狂热，没有人能够躲过哈利波特狂潮（Relaxed toys, games, DVDs and other merchandise will be everywhere. There will be no escaping Pottennania），说明哈利波特的吸引力极其强大。选项A“哈利波特的吸引力势不可挡”符合题意。2.文章第二段提到了罗琳应邀去朗读这件事是为了保持低调（Incredible as it may seem, the guardians of the brand say that, to protect the Potter franchise, they are tr

43、ying to maintain a low profile），选项D符合题意。3.文章第三段提到罗琳与华纳兄弟签订一个五十万美元的合约，在作者看来in return for what now appears to have been a steal: some $500,000，作者称为 “steal”,选项D符合题意。4.文章第四段讲述了由于罗琳提出不能让哈利波特过于商业化（over commercialized） ，因此华纳兄弟公司按照罗琳所说的去做了，选项C符合题意。5.选项A可以从文章第四段推测出，并不是最后一段得出的，排除；作者对华纳兄弟的做法是予以支持的，所以选项B排除；从文章中

44、可以看出哈利波特迷的热情有增无减，所以选项C排除。因此，选项D符合题意。10. 单选题Years after the accident he was still （ ）by images of death and destruction.问题1选项A.twistedB.hauntedC.dippedD.submerged【答案】B【解析】考察动词词义辨析。twist “缠绕，扭曲”；haunt “（指鬼魂）常出没于（某处）”；dip “浸，泡”；submerge “淹没”。句意：事故发生后好多年死亡和毁灭的景象仍然萦绕于他的脑海中。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题As long as Hurst

45、on remains susceptible to what are essentially political judgments, her literary fortunes will continue to fluctuate with the temper of the times. Criticism that restricts itself to ideology misses the basic reason the writer is worth reading in the first place. Hurston belongs among the American cl

46、assics not because of her politics but because of her language. She was at pains to distinguish herself from other writers with clearly defined social and political agendas. Some writers, Hurston charged, think there is bravery in writing for those “who want to hear the same thing over and over agai

47、n even though they already know it by heart. It is the same thing as waving the flag in a poorly constructed play.”Hurstons saving distinction was her exquisitely sensitive ear. She was sometimes out of tune, as when she tried to devise metaphors that were self-consciously literary (there is a basin

48、 in the mind where words float around3). But when she deployed colloquial speech and celebrated its ability to move beyond mere denotation, she was a spectacular writer, and the farthest thing from a flag waver. When, for instance, she describes a speeding train, she uses a word that perfectly conve

49、ys the sound of the wheels clicking over the track joints: it “schickalacked” over the rails.Hurston was a brilliant transcriber of colloquial language and teller of folktales, but these were only part of her achievement. When writing in her own voice, she renders the world in phrases that are palpa

50、ble and wonderfully immediate. This is a writer who understood that spontaneous image-making is the mark of a living language, that a shared language is the only conduit we have into the interior lives of other people.Hurstons real subject, and this is the reason her work will abide, was the univers

51、al disjunction between the limitless human imagination and the constrictions within which all human beings live. She happened to know best how to exemplify this theme by writing about the lives of Black women in the American South, which in itself is cause for neither praise nor blame. Hurston rejec

52、ted all the conventional categories -race, class, gender-by which some of her latest critics organize experience. “My interest lies in what makes a man or woman do such-and-so, regardless of color.”1.The passage primarily conveys the authors （ ）.2.In line 2, “temper” most nearly means（ ）.3.Hurston c

53、riticize “some writers” (lines 6-8) for（ ）.4.The sentence beginning “she was sometimes.” (lines 9-11) serves primarily to（ ）.5.In the underlined lines 22-23 (“she.blame”)，the author most directly implies that（ ）.问题1选项A.enthusiasm about Hurstons social activismB.amusement at those who misunderstand H

54、urstons viewsC.skepticism about Hustons permanence as a literary iconD.appreciation for Hurstons literary talents问题2选项A.courageB.composureC.moodD.resiliency问题3选项A.relying on the appeal of popular themesB.abandoning their writing when they encounter difficulties in getting publishedC.shirking patriot

55、ic duties during times of personal hardshipD.being unwilling to write what the public most wants to read问题4选项A.note an exception to the claim made in the previous sentenceB.provide an example of Hurstons effective use of poetic languageC.emphasize the authors central argument about Hurstons styleD.r

56、eveal a little-known accomplishment of Hurstons问题5选项A.the characters in Hurstons fiction were often more controversial that their real-life counterpartsB.too much should not be made of Hurstons choice of whom to write aboutC.Hurston felt compelled to apologize for writing about what was most interes

57、ting to herD.Hurstons peers could not identify with her characters【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.考察作者意图。文章第一段第三句Hurston belongs among the American classics not because of her politics but because of her language提到Hurston成为美国经典不是因为她的政治地位而是她的文字，可以看出作者对Hurston的文学才能是表示赞赏的，选项D符合题意。2.考察词义。文章第一段第一句As l

58、ong as Hurston remains susceptible to what are essentially political judgments, her literary fortunes will continue to fluctuate with the temper of the times.提到Hurston的文学命运随着时代的“脾气”不断的起伏。选项C中的mood与之相近，符合题意。3.考察细节事实。文章第一段Some writers, Hurston charged, think there is bravery in writing for those “who

59、want to hear the same thing over and over again even though they already know it by heart. It is the same thing as waving the flag in a poorly constructed play.”提到Hurston认为有些作家写的内容都是陈词滥调，过分迎合大众的口味，没有新意。选项A符合题意。4.考察判断推理。文章第二段第二句She was sometimes out of tune, as when she tried to devise metaphors that

60、 were self-consciously literary (there is a basin in the mind where words float around)提到了Hurston的写作风格，喜欢用暗喻的手法，选项C符合题意。5.考察判断推理。文章最后一段第二句话She happened to know best how to exemplify this theme by writing about the lives of Black women in the American South, which in itself is cause for neither prais

61、e nor blame提到Hurston碰巧最懂得如何通过描写美国南部黑人妇女的生活来例证这一主题，而这本身既不值得赞扬，也不应该受到指责。由此可知作者认为没有必要将注意力过多放在Hurston写的人物身上。选项B符合题意。12. 单选题One of the pleasantest things in the world is going on a journey: but I like to do it myself can enjoy society in a room, but out of doors, nature is company for me. I am then never

62、 less alone than when alone. I cannot see the wit of walking and talking at the same time. When I am in the country, I wish to vegetate like the country. I like solitude, when I give myself up to it, for the sake of solitude; nor do I ask for a friend in my retreat, whom I may whisper sweet. Give me

63、 the clear blue sky over my head, and the green turf beneath my feet, a winding road before me, and a three hours march to dinner and I begin to feel, think, and be myself again. Instead of an awkward silence, broken by attempts at wit or dull commonplaces, mine is that undisturbed silence of the heart which alone is perfect eloquence.Others have different opinions. Let me have a companion of myself: says the novelist Lawre