2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第182期

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1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The number 30 on a road sign （ ）that the speed limit is 30 miles an hour.问题1选项A.forecastsB.signifiesC.illuminatesD.characterize【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。forecast预测，预示；signify；表示，意味着；illuminate阐明；. characterize具有.的特征。句意：路牌上的数字30表示限速30英里每小时。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题It is our （ ）policy

2、 that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.问题1选项A.consistentB.continuousC.considerateD.continual【答案】A【解析】形近词辨析题。consistent始终如一的，坚持的；continuous连续的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；continual持续不断的，频繁的。句意：通过和平的方式实现统一，这是我们一贯的政策。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in Cal

3、ifornia （ ） in San Francisco.问题1选项A.previouslyB.predominantlyC.practicallyD.permanently【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。previously “以前，预先”；predominantly “主要地”；practically “实际地”；permanently “永久地，长期不变地”。句意：超过三分之一的住在美国的中国人主要住在旧金山。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题The（ ） can help people to see very small objects.问题1选项A.metropolitanB.micr

4、ophoneC.microscopeD.microware【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。metropolitan “大城市人”；microphone “扩音器”；microscope “显微镜”；microwave “微波炉”。句意：显微镜能让人看到很小的东西。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题They tried to collect all the pictures they could （ ）.问题1选项A.lay their hands onB.capitalize onC.wash their hands ofD.make the best of【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。lay

5、 ones hands on意为“找到，得到，伤害”；capitalize on意为“充分利用某事物，从某事物中获利”；wash ones hands of意为“洗手不干，退出、不参与”；make the best of意为“充分利用”。句意：他们试图收集所有他们能找到的照片。6. 单选题The same factors push wages and prices up together, the one （ ）the other.问题1选项A.emphasizingB.reinforcingC.multiplyingD.increasing【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。emphasize强调

6、；reinforce加强，加固；multiply增加；increase增强，提高。句意：相同的因素推动工资和物价同时上涨，二者相互促进。这里指由于相互促进而增强，所以选项B最为恰当。7. 单选题There was a big hole in the road which （ ）the traffic.问题1选项A.set backB.stood backC.held upD.kept down【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。set back推迟，使.受挫折；stand back退后；hold up举起，阻挡，拦截；keep down控制，镇压。句意：路上有个大坑，阻碍了交通。选项C符合句意。8.

7、 单选题Every month 3 is （ ）from our salary for house repairing payment.问题1选项A.excludedB.expelledC.compelledD.docked【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。exclude “排除，排斥”；expel “开除，逐出”；compel “迫使，强迫”；dock “扣除”。句意：每个月会从我们的工资中扣除3元作为房屋维修基金。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题I admire her courage, compassion and （ ）to the cause of humanity, justice

8、and peace.问题1选项A.devotionB.determinationC.oppositionD.realism【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。devotion奉献，忠诚，热爱；determination决心，果断；opposition反对；realism现实主义。句意：我钦佩她为了人道，正义与和平所表现出来的勇气、同情心和奉献精神。选项A符合句意。10. 单选题When writing about controversial topics, some authors try to be（ ）.问题1选项A.impressiveB.reflectiveC.objectiveD.pers

9、uasive【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的，感人的”；reflective意为“反射的，反映的”；objective意为“客观的，实体的”；persuasive意为“有说服力的”。句意：在写有争议的话题时，有些作者力求客观。11. 单选题The plot of the novel （ ）the economic development of the village.问题1选项A.evolves withB.emerges fromC.blends withD.attaches to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。evolve with意为“随进化”；

10、emerge from意为“（从）露出，浮现，产生于”；blend with意为“与协调或和谐”；attach to意为“依附，附属与，喜爱”。句意：小说情节随着村落经济的发展而演变。12. 单选题People tend to ignore the delayed effects of（ ）to chemicals because the danger doesnt become apparent immediately.问题1选项A.exposureB.exploitC.explosionD.exponent【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。exposure “暴露”；exploit “功

11、绩”；explosion “爆炸”；exponent “倡导者，鼓吹者”。句意：人们倾向于忽视接触化学物质的迟延效应，因为这些危害不会立刻表现出来。选项A符合题意。13. 单选题All the memories of his childhood had （ ）from his mind by the time he was 65.问题1选项A.fadedB.illustratedC.confinedD.concerned【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。fade “褪色，凋谢，逐渐消失”；illustrate “阐明，举例说明”；confine “限制；禁闭”；concern “关系，与有关

12、”，memory “记忆”。句意：在他65岁的时候所有关于童年的记忆都消失了。选项A符合题意。14. 单选题A hush fell over the guests who had（ ）for the wedding celebration.问题1选项A.assembledB.participatedC.attendedD.summoned【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。assemble “集合，聚集”；participate “参与，分享”；attend “参加”；summon “召唤，召集”。句意：为结婚庆典而聚在一起的客人们安静下来了。选项A符合题意。15. 单选题Take the c

13、ase of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view

14、 of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been

15、 attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult educa

16、tion are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They c

17、annot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The

18、 answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our n

19、eighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute（贫民）.Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may requir

20、e.1.What is the passage mainly about?2.What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?3.The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because （ ）.4.According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government（ ）.5.Why does t

21、he author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 11-13, Para. 3)（ ）.问题1选项A.How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B.How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C.How to improve

22、the public education system.D.How to solve the rising unemployment problem.问题2选项A.The requirement of educated workers by business.B.The trend toward a shorter workday.C.Raising of the legal age for going to work.D.Peoples concern for the future of the next generation.问题3选项A.the unemployed are too po

23、or to continue their educationB.a new leisure class has developedC.they are still suffering from the depressionD.an increase in taxes could be a problem问题4选项A.should allocate Federal funds for public educationB.should demand that local communities provide supportC.should raise taxes to meet the need

24、s of public educationD.should first of all solve the problem of unemployment问题5选项A.Only by appropriating an adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B.Citizens at all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C.

25、People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D.Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是法定就业年龄的提高以及就业难度大等问题导致更多的人转而接受教育。但是由于经济大萧条的原因，公共机构以及社区无法为教育提供资

26、金。作者认为只有依靠联邦救济才能解决问题。选项A“如何说服当地社区提供更多的资金”显然不符合原文；选项C“如何完善公共教育体系”不正确，本文主要涉及的是资金问题而不是教育体系的问题；选项D“如何解决日益严重的失业问题”不是本文的重点，本文的重点是解决教育资金短缺的问题，所以选项D不正确，选项B“如何解决公共教育经费短缺的问题”正确。第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句“The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has

27、been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached.”学校面临的主要困难是学生人数的大量增加。这是由于进入工业的法定年龄提高了，即使到了法定年龄也不可能找到工作。选项C符合原文。第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“public agencies for adult education”定位到第二段的内容“They will be little better

28、off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.”当一切结束时，他们（成人教育公共机构）的境况也不会好多少。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。由此可知，他们的主要问题在于税收，而涉及税收的只有选项D。第4题:判断推理题。根据最后一段中的“The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and

29、 properly so.”解决失业问题的办法是联邦救济。公共教育问题的答案可能必须也是一样的，而且确实如此。由此可推断，联邦政府应该为公共教育筹集联邦资金。选项A正确。第5题:判断推理题。这句话的意思是“只有一个决心毁灭下一代的民族才会拒绝接受公共教育可能需要的联邦资金”，也就是说只有拨出足够的联邦资金来扶持教育，我们的下一代才能有光明的前途。选项A正确；选项B中的“Citizens at all parts of the country”表述错误，这个观点只是作者提出的，原文也没有提及全体公民都同意这一观点；选项C“为了下一代的利益，全国人民应该为教育做出贡献”不符合原文，作者的观点是联邦

30、资金扶持教育而不是全国人民作出贡献；选项D“受过教育的人决心用联邦基金的一部分来帮助穷人”在文中没有信息涉及，所以不正确。16. 单选题He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he （ ）us that he would try as hard as possible.问题1选项A.insuredB.guaranteedC.assumedD.assured【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。insure确保，投保；guarantee保证，担保，一般指对事物的品质或人的行为作出“担保”；assume假定，设想；assure

31、保证，担保，使确信，一般指：使人对某事感到肯定或放心。句意：被选中参加比赛让他感到很自豪，并向我们保证他会尽他最大的努力。选项D更符合语境。17. 单选题This river is so wide that it is impossible to build a （ ）under it without modern technology.问题1选项A.canalB.tunnelC.channelD.cable【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。canal “运河，管道”；tunnel “隧道”；channel “通道，海峡”；cable “缆绳，电缆”。句意：这条河这么宽，要在它地下修建一条隧

32、道没有现代技术是不可能实现的。选项B符合题意。18. 单选题Susan has （ ）the elbows of her sons jacket with leather patches to make it more durable.问题1选项A.reinforcedB.sustainedC.steadiedD.confirmed【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。reinforce “加固，加强”；sustain “维持，忍受”；steady “稳固，使坚定”；confirm “确认，确定”。句意：苏珊用皮革补丁将她儿子的肘部进行加固，使它更耐用。选项A符合题意。19. 单选题In the

33、 Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play （ ）roles in raising children.问题1选项A.incapableB.indispensableC.insensibleD.infinite【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。incapable无能力的，不能胜任的；indispensable不可缺少的；insensible昏迷的，无知觉的；infinite无限的。句意：在中国家庭中，祖父母和其他亲戚在抚养孩子方面扮演着不可或缺的角色。选项B符合句意。20. 单选题A healthy and better-educated new generation is a （ ）for sustainable economic and social development of all countries.问题1选项A.guaranteeB.securityC.demandD.target【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。guarantee保障，担保；security安全；demand需求；target目标。句意：身体健康、受到良好教育的新一代是所有国家经济和社会可持续发展的保障。选项A符合句意。