2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第15期

《2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第15期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第15期（15页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题I can never touch lobster because Im（）to shellfish.e问题1选项A.sensitiveB.allergicC.infectedD.sensibl【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项sensitive adj.敏感的，易受伤害的；B选项allergic adj.对过敏的；C选项infected adj.被感染的；D选项sensible adj.明智的，明显的，通情达理的。句意：我不能接触龙虾，因为我对壳类动物过敏。根据句意，本题选择B项正确。2. 单选题

2、The two most important _in making a cake are flour and sugar.问题1选项A.elementsB.componentsC.ingredientsD.constituents【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项element“元素，基础”，指一个整体中最基本、不可缺少的或固有的成分；B选项component“组成部分，成分”，指一个整体的组成部分；C选项ingredient“成分，(尤指烹饪) 原料”；D选项constituent“选民，成分，构成要素”指某一整体不可少的部分或成分。根据flour and sugar可知选C。句意：做蛋

3、糕最重要的两种原料是面粉和糖。3. 单选题Norris has decided to for some evening class next them now that he has settled down in New York.问题1选项A.enrollB.enlistC.engageD.enter【答案】A【解析】查短语搭配。A选项enroll v.参加，注册，登记；B选项enlist v. 谋取，征募，使入伍；C选项engage v.从事，答应，保证，订婚；D选项enter v.进入，开始，增加。由句意可知，既然Norris现在已经在纽约定居下来，那么他打算下学期报名参加一些晚上的课

4、。因此，正确答案为A。4. 单选题To develop light industry in a big way（）to improving the peoples livelihood.问题1选项A.owesB.attributesC.distributesD.contributes【答案】D【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项owes to.归功于，因为B选项attributes to把归功于；C选项 distributes to分销，分发给；D选项contributes to对有贡献，有好处。根据句意可知，大力发展轻工业有利于提高人民生活水平，因此D项正确。5. 单选题But for his he

5、lp, I（）.问题1选项A.did not succeedB.had not succeededC.should not have succeededD.have not succeeded【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。But for表示“要不是”，引导含蓄虚拟语气。A选项did not succeed过去时；B选项had not succeeded过去完成时；C选项 should not have succeeded表示“原本不应该成功的，但却成功了”，表示虚拟语气；D选项have not succeeded现在完成时，因此C项为正确选项。6. 单选题The high court rev

6、ersed the decision of the lower court because the ruling_the defendant his right.问题1选项A.refusedB.declinedC.deniedD.ignored【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项 refuse“拒绝”，其后接名词、代词或不定式；B选项decline“下降，谢绝，婉言拒绝”；C选项deny“否认，拒绝给予”，deny sb. sth.表示“拒绝给予某人某物”；D选项ignore“忽视，不顾”。根据从句中的宾语the defendant his right可知选C。句意：高等法院推翻了下级法院的

7、裁决，因为该裁决剥夺了被告的权利。7. 单选题“Johns （）was irritating. He was reluctant even to buy bread”问题1选项A.jealousyB.sorenessC.luckD.parsimony【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据后半句He was reluctant even to buy bread.（他甚至连买个面包都很不情愿）可知，他是相当吝啬。A选项为“嫉妒”；B选项为“悲伤，痛苦”；C选项为“幸运”；D项“吝啬的，过度节俭”，因此，D项是正确答案。8. 单选题His expenditure on holidays and l

8、uxuries is rather high in_to his income.问题1选项A.comparisonB.proportionC.associationD.calculation【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。in proportion to表示“与成比例，与相称”。句意：他在假日和奢侈品上的开销占他收入相当大的比例。9. 单选题The whole embarrassing in the bar was a great disappointment to them and set a bad example of English hospitality.问题1选项A.inciden

9、tB.accidentC.thingD.matter【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项incident n.事件，事变，插曲；B选项accident n.事故，意外；C选项thing n.事情，东西，情况；D选项matter n.物质，原因。句意：酒吧里那件令人尴尬的事让他们非常失望，这为英国人的好客树立了一个不好的典范。因此，正确答案为A项。10. 翻译题Translate the following passage into Chinese.Mans youth is a wonderful thing: it is so full of anguish and of magic

10、and he never comes to know it as it is, until it has gone from him forever.It is the thing he cannot bear to lose; it is the thing whose passing he watches with infinite sorrow and regret; it is the thing whose loss he must lament forever; it is the thing whose loss he really welcomes with a sad and

11、 secret joy; the thing would never willingly relive again, could it be restored to him by any magic.【答案】人的青春美妙绝伦，虽满是痛楚，但魅力无限。年少时不了解青春为何物，当其永逝，方才幡然大悟。青春的逝去令人百般不舍，目睹其渐行渐远，难免触目伤怀，悔不当初。但青春不再却又着实让人悲喜交加。可即便奇迹出现，时光倒流，却也无人情愿重度那段青春岁月。11. 单选题The court considers a financial _to be an appropriate way of punishi

12、ng him.问题1选项A.optionB.obsessionC.obligationD.penalty【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项option“选择”；B选项obsession“痴迷，着魔，困扰”；C选项obligation“义务，责任”；D选项penalty“惩罚”。根据punishing him可知D选项符合语义。句意：法院认为经济处罚是惩罚他的适当方式。12. 单选题I could see that my wife was that having that fur coat, whether I approve of it or not.问题1选项A.adequateB.in

13、tent onC.short ofD.deficient of【答案】B【解析】搭配题。A选项adequate for胜任的，合适的；B选项intent on专心致志于，决心要实现；C选项short of缺乏，不足，除以外；D选项deficient of缺乏，不足。根据句意可知，无论我是否同意，我妻子都抱定决心要买那件毛皮大衣。因此，B项符合句意。13. 单选题After a few months of working with his hands, Dr. Brown returned to his college, _ that his time had been well spent.问

14、题1选项A.persuadedB.convincedC.noticedD.promised【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项persuade“劝说，说服，使信服”，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事；B选项convince“使确信，使相信”，指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服；C选项notice“注意，察觉”；D选项promise“允诺，许诺”。根据After a few months of working with his hands和his time had been well spent可知B选项符合语义。句意：经过几个月的动手操作后，确信自己的时间花得值得的布

15、朗博士回到了大学。14. 单选题Because there is evidence of severely harmful effects from chemical dumps, the government has_tougher clean-up measures.问题1选项A.imposedB.impulsedC.implementedD.incorporated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项imposed v.强加，征税，以欺骗；B选项impulsed v.推动；C选项implemented v.实施，执行；D选项incorporated v. 吸收，合并，包含。根据句意可知

16、，有证据表明化学排污引起严重危害，因此，政府已经实施了严厉的清理方案。因此，C项符合题意。15. 单选题They have a reciprocal loathing for each other.问题1选项A.a slight trustingB.a deep motivatingC.a mutual disgustD.a lasting fight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项a slight trusting轻微的信任；B选项a deep motivating深刻的激励；C选项 a mutual disgust相互间厌恶；D选项a lasting fight持久的斗争。根据

17、句意可知：他们都很厌恶对方，因此选择C选项。16. 单选题Tourism has also been greatly_the rapid development of some developing nations.问题1选项A.lain inB.consisted inC.responsible forD.accounted for【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项lay in“储备，储存”；B选项consist in“在于，由组成”；C选项responsible for“为负责，是造成的原因”；D选项account for“说明（原因、理由等）”，一般用于主动语态。句意：旅游业一直也是

18、一些发展中国家的快速发展的主要原因。17. 单选题We should always keep in mind that（）decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的；B选项hasty adj.轻率的，草率的，匆忙的；C选项 instant adj.立即的，紧迫的；D选项prompt adj.敏捷的，迅速的。句意：我们必须谨记仓促的决定常常会导致痛苦的悔恨。因此本题选择B项。18. 单选题Human popu

19、lation growth is a menace to nonhuman life forms on our planet.问题1选项A.hindranceB.misfortuneC.catastropheD.threat【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项hindrance n.障碍，妨碍；B misfortune n.不幸，灾祸，灾难；C选项 catastrophe n.大灾难，灾祸；D选项threaten.威胁，恐吓。句意：人口的增长是对地球上非人类生物生存的威胁。根据句意可知D项正确。19. 单选题The Internet, E-commerce and globalizati

20、on are making a new economic era possible. In the future, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct

21、 proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Internet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOs and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quite contrary.” The very people re

22、sponsible for ushering in what some have called a “technological renaissance” say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and friends not to mention strangers. And whats more revealing, they place much of the bl

23、ame on the very same technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus (领袖)promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from w

24、hich there seems to be no easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the .com generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, m

25、aking time itself the most scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24 hour Interact news and entertainment all seize for our attention.And while we have created every kind of labor-and time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less ti

26、me available to us than any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commoditized activity around us. For example, e-mail is a great convenience. However, we now find ourselves spending much of o

27、ur day frantically responding to each others electronic messages. The cell phone is a great time-saver. Except now we are always potentially in reach of someone else who wants our attention.Social conservatives talk about the decline in civility and blame it on the loss of a moral compass and religi

28、ous values. Has anyone bothered to ask whether the hyper speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connections really count and what types of access really matter in the e-economy era. If this new tech

29、nology revolution is only about hyper efficiency, then we risk losing something even precious than time our sense of what it means to be a caring human being.1. According to the passage, corporate executives think that_.2. Which of the following is NOT true?3. What is the most valuable resource for

30、the .com generation?4. In the sixth paragraph, the author implied that_.5. An appropriate title for the passage might be_.问题1选项A.technology renaissance should be pushed forwardB.technology has a profound impact on their lives.C.technology actually results in a decline in their life qualityD.technolo

31、gy should be aggressively championed问题2选项A.Technology was supposed to free people.B.The .com generation became slaves of technology.C.New technologies occupy much of our time.D.It is difficult to avoid the influence of technology wonders.问题3选项A.Technological wonders.B.Access to information.C.TimeD.T

32、ime-saving devices.问题4选项A.social conservatives blamed the loss of morality on technologyB.the .com generation was less civil than the earlier generationsC.the hyper speed culture led to the decline in civilityD.technology might make people less impatient问题5选项A.The New Internet LifeB.The Drawbacks of

33、 too Much AccessC.The Failure of Technological RenaissanceD.The Declining Quality of Life【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Internet serv

34、ices being introduced into our lives? “No, quite contrary.”（我们在工作、家庭和社区的生活质量是否与我们生活中引入的所有新互联网和企业对企业的互联网服务成正比？“不，完全相反。”）可知C选项“技术实际上导致了他们生活质量的下降”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which th

35、ere seems to be no easy escape.（相反，本应解放我们的科技奇迹，却开始把我们束缚在一个似乎无法轻易摆脱的联系网中）但并不是说网络一代变成了技术的奴隶，因此选B。3.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the most scarce of all resources.（我们的每一个空闲时间都充满了某种形式的商业联系，使时间本身成为所有资源中最稀缺的）可知选C。4.

36、推理判断题。文章第六段中的Has anyone bothered to ask whether the hyper speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?（有没有人问过，高速发展的文化是否让我们所有人都变得不那么有耐心，不太愿意倾听、推迟、考虑和反思？）可知D选项“科技可能会使人失去耐心”符合题意。5.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科技给人们生活带来的负面影响，因此B选项“使用过多的缺点”符合题意。20. 单选题If you（）care to see the pictures, Ill bring them round some evening.问题1选项A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.can【答案】B【解析】考查if引导的真实条件句，主句应该用现在时。情态动词结构“would you care to.”表示“（礼貌问语）您喜欢，您愿意”，是一种委婉征求意见的方式。因此，排除其他选项，本题正确答案为B项。