国际交流英语视听说B3U4 by cxl 给学生

《国际交流英语视听说B3U4 by cxl 给学生》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《国际交流英语视听说B3U4 by cxl 给学生（55页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Unit 4 4Making a Living,Making a DifferenceBook 3 C | Critical Thinking. Work with a partner. Think of a possible speaker and situation for each speaking purpose.Listening 1 1. To give information A lecture by a university professor 2. To persuade you to do something _3. To entertain you _4. To chan

2、ge your opinion _Listening 1 Example Answers2. A TV commercial for a product or children trying to convince their parents to do something3. An actor performing in a movie or someonetelling a funny story at a party4. A politician explaining why they are a better candidate than their opponent or a fri

3、end explaining why certain information you found online is actually falseListening 1 Listening: A guest speakerEx. A 1. She is Marsha Nolan, a guest speaker and the director of Worldwide Co-op.2. The audience is a diverse group of people who want to protect different animal species.3. The Irula peop

4、le could no longer sell the skins of snakes, so their poverty became more extreme.To be continued Listening 1 Answer Keys (continued)4. The Irulas became entrepreneurs. They caught snakes for their venom, which is used to produce antiveninthe only known cure for poisonous snakebites. They formed the

5、 Irula Snake Catchers Industrial Cooperative Society. This business is run cooperatively.5. The speakers purpose is to give information since the ideas behind the Irulas co-op, in other words using wild animals in a sustainable way, can be used in many places.C | Listening for Details. Read the stat

6、ements and answer choices. Then listen again and choose the correct word or phrase to complete each statement.To be continued 1. According to the speaker, Worldwide Co-op offers _ to cooperative enterprises. a. loans b. support c. health insurance2. Each year, _ people in India die from snakebites.

7、a. 20,000 b. 30,000 c. 40,000Listening 1 bbC | Listening for Details. 3. The speaker encourages the audience members to assess their own situations in order to understand the reasons why _. a. wildlife are being killed b. people are earning more than before c. snakes are being milked for their venom

8、4. According to the speaker, Worldwide Co-op has information resources, including _. a. books b. journal articles c. a Web siteListening 1 acA |Most people run away when they see a poisonous snakebut not the Irulas of India. For generations, the Irulas made their living catching wild snakes. The sna

9、kes skins were sold and made into luxury goods such as handbags and boots.Then in 1972, the Indian Parliament adopted the Wildlife Protection Act, and the basis of the Irulas economy was suddenly illegal. Some Irulas got jobs as farm laborers, but many found themselves out of work.To be continued Li

10、stening 1 The solution came in 1978 with the creation of the Irula Snake Catchers Industrial Cooperative Society, whose members use their snake hunting skills to catch snakes. However, the snakes are no longer sold for their skins. The cooperative has found a better use forthe dangerous snakes.Liste

11、ning 1 A | & C |Good afternoon and thank you for inviting me to speak. My name is Marsha Nolan, and Im the director of Worldwide Co-op. I hope, I hope that some of you have heard of our organization. Worldwide Co-op exists to support cooperative enterprises of all kinds, and today, today, Id like to

12、 give you some information about a co-op in India. Its an unusual co-op since it was formed in response to wildlife protection measures. Since all of you here are members of wildlife organizations, I know youll be interested in this.To be continued Listening 1 All right. The story. The story begins

13、in 1972. That was the year that India took a major step in wildlife protection. So far, so good, right? Well, the Wildlife Protection Act wasnt so good for a small tribe called the Irulas, who made their living catching snakes, such as the Indian cobra, which were sold for their skins. Even before 1

14、972, the Irulas lived in relative poverty, despite being some of the only people in India with the necessary skills to catch poisonous snakes. After 1972, things went from bad to worse. What happened next, however, could serve as a model for many places. The Irulas became entrepreneurs. With more th

15、an 30,000 deaths from snakebites in India each year, there is a huge demand for venom. Its used to produce antiveninthe only known cure for poisonous snakebites.To be continued Listening 1 The Irulas knew how to handle cobras, so they decided to cooperate and work together. They formed the Irula Sna

16、ke Catchers Industrial Cooperative Society, and they were back in the snake business.These days, the Irulas catch snakes just as theyve done for generations, but now, they carefully milk the snakes venom before returning them to the wild. The snakes they catch are not killed, and the Irulas earn mor

17、e money from the venom than they used to get for the snakes skins. Even betterthe co-op members are all owners, so theres no longer a “middleman” getting rich from the Irulas hard work. All of the wealth generated by the sale of venom stays in the Irula community.To be continued Listening 1 The reas

18、on Im telling you all of this is simple: The ideas behind the Irulas co-op can be used in many places. After all, the Irulas have found an effective and sustainable way to use wild animals for their own benefit. Instead of being killed, the snakes are staying alive, and theyre benefiting people in m

19、ore than one way.Now, I know that Im speaking to a diverse group of people. The different species that you want to protect cant all be milked for their venom. But what all of you can do is to assess your situation. If endangered animals in your country are being killed and sold, its important to und

20、erstand the reasonsthe economic benefits that come from killing the animals. You might find another way, some other way for people to earn even more money than before by not killing the animals.Listening 1 If you need help with any of this, Worldwide Co-op has many information resources. So, please

21、feel free to visit the Web site, send an email, or give me a call.Listening 1 B | Identifying the Speakers Purpose. You are going to hear a class question and answer session in this section. Read the questions. Then listen to the first part of the session and answer the questions.Listening 2 1. Who

22、is the speaker? _ 2. What is the speakers purpose? _ _The speaker is Donald Yates, who has quitea bit of experience with charity organizations.The speakers purpose is to answer the audiences questions about charitable organizations; in other words, to give information to the audience.A Class Questio

23、n and Answer SessionA | Listening for Details. Listen to the class question and answer session and complete the questions that the students ask. ListeningListening 2 Question 1: Do you know whether _?Answer: _To be continued people really use the money for important thingsPeople living in poverty ma

24、kevery good decisions about how to spend their money. They almost never buy things they dont need. A | Listening for Details. Listening 2 Question 2: Can you please explain why _?Answer:_To be continued you dontask people to work for the moneyMost people who are livingin poverty are already working

25、very hard.A | Listening for Details. Listening 2 Question 3: Id like to know who why _?Answer:_To be continued makes decisions about the moneyIn cash transfer programs, money isgiven to as large a group as possible-oftento government, in fact. Or the same paymentmight be made to every adult in a cer

26、tain village. The idea is that financial decisions are made locally. A | Listening for Details. Listening 2 Question 4: I was wondering how_?Answer:_ To be continued get things like new schools and roadscommunities Many people in the world understand theconcept of giving a little money to charity if

27、 you can andletting the charity figure out what to do with it. And thatmight be the best way to get the really big projects done.A | & B |Female Professor: OK, lets get started. Today is our question and answer session with our guest speaker, Donald Yates, who has quite a bit of experience with char

28、ity organizations. This is your chance to have some of your questions answered, so lets not waste any time. Mr. Yates?Guest Speaker: Hi, everyone. I, Id like to start by thanking you for inviting me here. Im always happy to get out of the office. Your professors right. Ive worked for several charita

29、ble organizations over the years. Now Im more interested in the cash transfer programs, so thats what Im, Im doing my research on now. Whod like to ask the first question?To be continued Listening 2 Female Student 1: Yes, with cash transfer programs, do you, do you know whether people really use the

30、 money for important things? I mean, it seems like people might not spend the money responsibly.Guest Speaker: A . a lot of people ask me that, but according to my research, people living in poverty make very good decisions about how to spend their money. They almost never buy things they dont need.

31、 Instead, mothers buy things for their childrenschool uniforms or notebookse, even medicine. Or a farmer might buy a new tool to help with the harvest. With cash transfer programs, poor people themselves decide what they need the most, so the outcomes of these programs have been very good. Yes?To be

32、 continued Listening 2 Male Student 1: Yes, sir. Can you please explain why you dont ask people to work for the money? I guess, Id be afraid that if people, people got their payments for nothing, they wouldnt use the money well.Guest Speaker: Well, the fact is, most people who are living in poverty

33、are already working very hard. Were talking about mothers with children, families with crops to take care of, working people with two or three jobs. For them, a little extra cash is very much appreciated! Theyre not going to waste it on something they dont need. Next question?Listening 2 To be conti

34、nued Female Student 2: Id like to know who makes decisions about the money. I mean, you cant give money to everyone someone has to decide who should get it.Guest Speaker: Well, in cash transfer programs, money is given to as large a group as possibleoften to governments, in fact. Or the same payment

35、 might be made to every adult in a certain village. The idea is that financial decisions are made locally. Charity organizations that come in from outside might not be the best people to make those decisions. Time for one last question.Listening 2 To be continued Male Student 2: I, I was wondering h

36、ow communities get things like new schools and roads. I mean, people need those too, but you cant buy them with small amounts of cash.Guest Speaker: Ah. Thats really the fundamental questionwhat works best when it comes to fighting poverty? Many people in the world understand the concept of giving a

37、 little money to charity if you can and letting the charity figure out what to do with it. And that might be the best way to get the really big projects done. On the other hand, Ive heard of villages pooling their money to build new irrigation systems, so were really just starting to learn what work

38、s best.Listening 2 The Business of CranberriesHarvesting ripe red cranberriesA | Using a Dictionary. You will hear these words and phrases in the video. Write each word or phrase in the box next to its definition. Use your dictionary to help you.Before Viewing Before Viewing marsh legacy vine corral

39、 hard frost bumper crop1. _ (n.) something that is a result of a period of time or history2. _ (n.) a sudden drop in temperature that often kills plants3. _ (n.) a wet, muddy area of land4. _ (n.) a plant that grows over things and often produces fruit5. _ (v.) to trap, or gather things in a group6.

40、 _ (n.) an unusually large harvestlegacy hard frost marshvinecorral bumper cropCRANBERRY QUIZ: Circle the correct answer to each question.To be continued 1. Cranberries are a native fruit to which continent?a. North America. b. South America. c. Europe. d. Africa.2. The Algonquin Indians used cranbe

41、rries for all of the following purposes except _. a.food b. a symbol of peace c. money d. medicine3. What is the average number of cranberries needed to make one can of cranberry sauce?a. 200. b. 500. c. 1,000. d. 2,000.Before Viewing acaCRANBERRY QUIZ: Circle the correct answer to each question.4.

42、Americans traditionally eat cranberry sauce with which kind of meat?a. Beef. b. Turkey. c. Chicken. d. Lamb.5. John Lennon repeated the words “cranberry sauce” at the end of which Beatles song?a. Taxman. b. I Am the Walrus. c. Strawberry Fields Forever. d. Penny Lane.Source: www.cranberryfarmers.org

43、Before Viewing bcWhile Viewing While ViewingA | Read the statements. Then watch the video and check () T for true or F for false.TF1. Mary has always wanted to work outdoors.2. Glacial Lake Cranberries is in Wisconsin.3. Mary oversees every aspect of the business.4. Cranberries are harvested in earl

44、y fall.5. A hard frost is good for cranberries.6. Cranberries require lots of water.B | Watch the video again and number the steps of the cranberry-harvesting process in the correct order.While Viewing _ The cranberries are corralled._ Berries are knocked from their vines by machines called beaters.

45、_ Cranberries ripen to a glowing red._ The cranberry beds are flooded._ The berries float to the surface.53124The Business of CranberriesNarrator: As dawn breaks over the countryside, Mary Brazeau Brown is already starting her day.Narrator: Early morning is her time to focus and get ready for the bu

46、sy day ahead. The calm of sunrise wont last long, not with a family to take care of inside.Mary Brazeau Brown: Coffee cake time Narrator: And a passion waiting right outside the door.To be continued Mary Brazeau Brown: When people would ask me what I wanted to be when I grew up, I knew all along the

47、re were two things that I wanted to do. Be a mom and work outside. Youre going to work, and Im going to work.Narrator: Life has worked out just as she planned. Marys office is this 6,100-acre cranberry marsh, one of the largest and oldest in Wisconsin. Mary Brazeau Brown: I cant resist. This particu

48、lar system was established back in 1873. Some of the vines out here are over 70 years old. They were here before me, and theyll be here after me.To be continued Narrator: As owner of Glacial Lake Cranberries, she oversees every aspect of the business, and today the long-awaited fall harvest has just

49、 begun.Mary Brazeau Brown: Harvest is a great time of year because you know you work for it all year long.Narrator: The marsh sits in Cranmoora tiny town that produces more cranberries inland than any place in the world.Mary Brazeau Brown: This area where we are is all part of old Glacial Lake Wisco

50、nsin and and its very flat, high water table, acid conditions, lots of sand, and cranberries are native to this area. Cranberries are one of North Americas native fruits.To be continued Narrator: Here, 14 families, each with its own legacy, have been harvesting this crop for generations. Mary hersel

51、f is a third generation cranberry grower. When the berries ripen to a glowing red in early fall, its time to flood the beds. The berries are knocked from their vines by machines called beaters, and they float to the surface to be corralled. Mary keeps a cautious eye on the weather.Mary Brazeau Brown

52、: Tomorrow morning youll say, “Yeah, this is fall.”Narrator: A hard frost could wipe out an entire crop. When the berries are in danger of freezing, the irrigation system is turned on to keep water flowing over the vines and the temperature from reaching damaging levels. These sprinklers could be th

53、e difference between a bumper crop and a bitter harvest.To be continued Mary Brazeau Brown: The forecast for this week is cold all week so well probably not only be up tonight but tomorrow night and who knows how long. Narrator: Because the cranberry crop is so dependent on water, large systems of r

54、eservoirs, ditches, and dikes are needed to keep an adequate supply ready at a moments notice.Mary Brazeau Brown: . its a wonderful time of year, but its so reassuring because it tells me that were doing something right and when were doing something right for the wildlife, then were doing something

55、right for us. Whether youre a mom to kidsor a mom to the cranberry vines or the loons or the northern harriers, you know, its a great job to have.Further ListeningA | Read the statements. Then listen to a talk about co-ops and check () T for true or F for false.Listening 1TF1. Co-ops are made up of

56、members who are the owners of the cooperative.2. Co-op members share their profits with stockholders and executives.3. The most important benefit of an agricultural co-op is that the farm products can be pricedhigher.To be continued A | Read the statements. Then listen to a talk about co-ops and che

57、ck () T for true or F for false.Listening 1TF4. One threat San Franciscos fishermen faced was tough competition from companies operating large boats.5. The main purpose of the San Francisco Community Fishing Association is to create fair trade conditions for the local fishermen.6. Co-ops are benefic

58、ial for every industry, especially small business.B | Read the sentences. Then listen again and complete the sentences with what you hear.Listening 11. The co-op members may decide to cooperate and sell their products together, rather than _.2. The fishermen had limited control over the _ they recei

59、ved for their catch, because the _ they depend on were controlled by the processors.3. The San Francisco Community Fishing Association formed in _ changed the _ of power.To be continued separatelypriceequipment2010balanceB | Read the sentences. Then listen again and complete the sentences with what

60、you hear.Listening 14. The members of the San Francisco Community Fishing Association work to ensure that the state and industry aretaking care of _ for the long run.5. Before deciding to start or join a co-op, people need to consider whether they want to spend time going to co-op _ or put _ into al

61、l of the co-opsprojects.fish stocksmeetings money Cooperatives, or co-ops, are different from corporations or other business enterprises in several ways. First, theyre made up of members who are also the owners of the cooperative. In the case of an agricultural co-op, a number of farmers may decide

62、to cooperate and sell their products together, rather than separately. As co-op members, the farmers make decisions democratically. They also share their wealth among themselves. Instead of going to stockholders and executives, profits in cooperatives are returned to their members, who may also shar

63、e machinery and borrow money from the co-op.To be continued Listening 1Perhaps the most important benefit of co-ops is the pooling of farm products because large quantities may be more attractive to buyers.Farmers in agricultural cooperatives are a diverse group. They can be found in numerous countr

64、ies, and they produce everything from cotton and soybeans to flowers and fruit. There are also examples of fishermen working together.San Franciscos fishermen faced the twin threats of tough competition from companies operating large boats that have been overfishing the waters off Northern Californi

65、a and limited control over the price they received for their catch. The processors could set the price because they controlled the equipment fishermen depend on.To be continued Listening 1When the San Francisco Community Fishing Association was formed in 2010, the co-op changed the balance of power.

66、 It partnered with other groups to be able to lease a warehouse, a hoist, and freezers at San Franciscos Pier 45, as well as purchase fork trucks and this has enabled the associations members to get fish into the market on their own terms.However, the association was not set up just to create fair trade conditions for the local fishermen. Its members have also been working to ensure that the state and industry are taking care of fish stocks for the long term.Listening 1To be continued Starting a