2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷67

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1、2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The men were full of（ ） because they thought their friends had been unjustly punished.问题1选项A.diagnosisB.indigestionC.indignationD.aggression【答案】C【解析】句意:这些人非常愤怒，因为他们认为他们的朋友受到了不公正的惩罚。考查名词辨析。diagnosis 诊断，结论；indigestion 消化不良，难理解；indignation愤怒，愤慨;aggression侵略。故C符合句

2、意。2. 单选题In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is（ ）.问题1选项A.luxuryB.accommodationC.entertainmentD.refreshment【答案】A【解析】句意:在这个贫穷的国家，生存仍然是主要的事情，所有其它都是奢侈。考查名词辨析。luxury 奢侈，奢侈品，不常有的乐趣(或享受、优势)；accommodation 住处，膳宿，和解；entertainment 娱乐，款待，refreshment 点心，起提神作用的东西，精力恢复。根据前面句意“生存仍

3、然是主要的事情”可知A符合句意。3. 单选题In the case of mobile phones, change is everything. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well.First, lets talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone is that

4、 a mobile number corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it.This has several implications. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture forever, is the m

5、eeting influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now, however, a night out can be arrang

6、ed on the run. It is no longer see you there at 8, but text me around 8 and well see where we all are.Texting changes people as well. In their paper, Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging, two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone user

7、s: the talkers and the textersthose who prefer voice to text message and those who prefer text to voice. They found that the mobile phones individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised i

8、f they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well.Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on

9、 the phone. There is the speakeasy: the head is held high in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the spacemaker: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera phones intrude on peoples privacy. So, it

10、is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you neednt worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.1.When people plan to meet nowadays, they（ ）.2.According to the two British researchers, the social and psychological effects are mostly likely to be seen on（ ）.3. We can infer fro

11、m the passage that the texts sent by texters are（ ）.4. According to the passage, who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobile?5. An appropriate title for the passage might be （ ）问题1选项A.arrange the meeting place beforehandB.postpone fixing the place till last minuteC.seldom care about whe

12、n and where to meetD.still love to work out detailed meeting plans问题2选项A.talkersB.the speakeasyC.the spacemakerD.texters问题3选项A.quite revealingB.well writtenC.unacceptable by othersD.shocking to others问题4选项A.TalkersB.The “speakeasy”C.The “spacemaker”D.Texters问题5选项A.The SMS EffectB.Cultural Implicatio

13、n of Mobile UseC.Change in the Use of the MobileD.Body Language and the Mobile Phone!【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第三段指出: It is no longer see you there at 8，but text me around 8 and well see where we all are (不再是在8点在那里见你，而是 在8点左右给我发短信，然后再看我们都在哪里),因此选B“推迟到最后一分钟才确定（见面）地点”。2.判断推理题。第四段指出: The

14、y found that the mobile phonesindividuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality (他们发现移动手机的个性化和隐私，让喜欢发短信的人有能力去表达自己全新的外向性格),因此D项“喜欢发短信的人”正确。3.判断推理题。第四段指出: They found that the mobile phonesindividuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole ne

15、w outer personality (他们发现移动手机的个性化和隐私，让喜欢发短信的人有能力去表达自己全新的外向性格),因此选A“揭露隐情的”。4.细节事实题。第一段指出: “And there is the spacemaker: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people (但是，喜欢在私底下讲电话的人却专注于自己本身且远离其它人),故选C“喜欢在私底下讲电话的人”。5.主旨大意题。文章的中心话题是:移动手机影响我们的文化和肢体语言。因此B项“移动手机使用带来的文化影响”比较适合做文章标题。4. 单选题His（

16、）brain has worked away on the idea of a universal cure.问题1选项A.richB.quickC.productiveD.fertile【答案】D【解析】句意:他脑子很灵,己经想出了一个靠谱的治疗方法。考查形容词辨析。rich 富有的,肥沃的,昂贵的;quick 快的,迅速的;productive 生产的,多产的,富有成效的；fertile （土地）富饶的，肥沃 的；（人的头脑）主意多，有创造力的；能生育的。5. 单选题This is not the right（ ）to ask for my help; I am far too busy

17、even to listen.问题1选项A.timeB.opportunityC.chanceD.case【答案】A【解析】句意:这不是向我寻求帮助的恰当吋机，我太忙了，甚至没时间倾听。考查固定搭配。it is the right time to do sth. 是做某事的恰当时机。故选A。6. 单选题So far, the government of that country lias done（ ）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.perceptiblyB.vitallyC.practicallyD.ident

18、ically【答案】C【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。考查副词辨析。perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally 紧要地，生死攸关地；practically 几乎，事实上；identically 同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。7. 单选题Hard work can（ ）your success in learning a foreign language.问题1选项A.assureB.guaranteeC.warrantD.promise【答案】B【解析】句意:努力工作能保证你在学习一门外语上取得成功。考查动词辨析。Assure 使确信,

19、向保证,弄清,查明; guarantee保证,担保,保障; warrant使有必要,使正当; promise 许诺,承诺,答应。因此B符合句意。8. 单选题The two countries have（ ）friendly relations for many years.问题1选项A.retainedB.sustainedC.maintainedD.remained【答案】C【解析】句意:这两个国家多年来保持着友好关系。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。Retain持有,保留; sustain维持(生命、生存),使稳定持续,遭受; maintain维持,保持,维修; rema

20、in仍然是,保持不变,剩余,遗留,续存在。因此C符合句意。9. 单选题Proper arrangement of classroom space is important to encouraging interaction. Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort in our work. Todays corporations hire human engineering specialists and spend a considerable amount of

21、 time and money to make sure that the physical environment of buildings are fit for the activities of their inhabitants.Similarly, college classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinking. We are already in the twenty-first century, but step into almost any college c

22、lassroom and you step back in time at least a hundred years. Desks are normally in straight rows, so students can clearly see teacher but not all their classmates. The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: Everything of importance comes from the teacher.With a little imagination and effo

23、rt, unless desks are fixed to the floor, the teacher can correct the situation and create space that encourages interchange among students. In small and standard classes, chairs, desks and tables can be arranged in a variety of ways: circles, U-shapes, or semicircles. The primary goal should be for

24、everyone to be able to see everyone else. Larger classes particularly those held in lecture halls, unfortunately, allow much less flexibility.Arrangement of classroom should also make it easy to divide students into small groups for discussion or problem-solving exercises. Small classes with movable

25、 desks and tables present no problem. Even in large lecture halls it is possible for students to turn around and form groups of four to six. Breaking a class into small groups provide more opportunities for students to interact with each other, think out loud, and see how other students thinking pro

26、cesses operate all essential elements in developing new modes of critical thinking.In courses that regularly use a small group format, students might be asked to stay in the same small groups throughout the course. A colleague of mine allows students to move around during the first two weeks, until

27、they find a group they are comfortable with. He then asks them to stay in the same scat, with the same group, from that time on. This not only creates a comfortable setting for interaction but helps him learn students names and faces.1. Desk anangement in a traditional classroom is associated with t

28、he idea that（ ）.2. The expression step back in time at least a hundred years (in Paragraph 2) is intended to conveythe idea that（ ） .3. The primary purpose of desk arrangement is（ ）.4. The greatest advantage in allowing each student to find his own group might be that（ ）.5. Which of the following is

29、 NOT true according to the passage?问题1选项A.students should not be active learners in the classroomB.it is useless for students to participate in class activityC.the teacher is the chief knowledge sourceD.it is important for students to see the blackboard clearly问题2选项A.college classrooms often remind

30、you of your college lifeB.critical thinking was encouraged even a century agoC.a hundred years ago, desk arrangement in a classroom was quite differentD.there is not much change in the college educational ideas over the past hundred years问题3选项A.for the teacher to divide students into small groupsB.t

31、o make it possible for the students to interact with each otherC.for the teacher to find out how students thinkD.to give students opportunities to practice speaking问题4选项A.the teacher saves the trouble in doing thatB.learning is made comfortable in this wayC.the teacher can easily remember the studen

32、ts names and facesD.brighter students can help the slower ones问题5选项A.New kinds of desks and chairs should be made.B.Many companies are trying to improve the working settings for their employees.C.Interaction between students is essential in the training of critical thinking.D.A comfortable environme

33、nt leads to higher working efficiency.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出: The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: Everything of importance comes from the teacher (这种安排下的假设是很明显的：所有重要信息都来自于老师)。故选C“老师是知识的主要来源”。2.判断推理题。根据step back in time at least a hundred years”定位至第二段: We are

34、 already in the twenty-first century, but step into almost any college classroom and you step back in time at least a hundred years (我们己经进入21世纪，但是踏入任何大学教室，你都会感觉至少回到100年之前),也就是大学教室和以前相比都没有多大改变。故选D “100年来，大学教育的想法都没有太多改变”。3.细节事实题。根据第三段中“The primary goal should be for everyone to be able to see everyone

35、 else (主要目的是让每个人都能见到彼此)”以及第四段中“Breaking a class into small groups provide more opportunities for students to interact with each other (将班级分成小团队，可以为学生提供更多的交流机会)”可知B项 “使学生能够相互交流”正确。4.判断推理题。最后一段指出: A colleague of mine allows students to move around during the first two weeks, until they find a group th

36、ey are comfortable with. He then asks them to stay in the same seat, with the same group, from that time on. This not only creates a comfortable setting for interaction but helps him learn students names and faces (:我同事允许学生在前两周的时候移动座位，直到他们发现相处融洽的团体。之后他便要求他们和同样的团队 呆在同样的位置上。这不仅能创造舒适的相互交流的环境，而且能帮助他熟悉学生

37、的名字和面孔),因此B项“这样能创造舒适的学习交流环境”正确。5.判断推理题。题目问的是下列哪个选项不正确。文章谈论的是教室中桌椅的位置排放或者说是教室空间的恰当安排，因此A项“应该制作新类型的桌椅”不符合原文所述。10. 单选题Please do not be（ ）by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.问题1选项A.disregardedB.distortedC.irritatedD.intervened【答案】C【解析】句意:他只是想引起注意，所以请不要因为他的不礼貌而生气。考查动词辨析。四个选项

38、均为对应动词的过去分词形式表被动。Disregard 不顾，不理。Distort 歪曲，曲解。irritate激怒，发怒。Intervene 介入，干涉，阻挠，一般作不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。根据空格后的his bad manners(他的不礼貌)可判断，C项正确。11. 单选题（ ）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.问题1选项A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考试的压力结朿了，因此我们都能放松下了。考查短语辨析。while 虽然，然而，当的时候;eve

39、n though 虽然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 为了，对于，适合于;因为（这个词在表示原因时一般不放在句首）。分析句意可知前后句子为因果关系。故C符合句意。12. 单选题A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards and should（ ）new operating procedures.问题1选项A.result inB.match withC.subject toD.proceed with【答案】A【解析】句意:彻底调查这个事故的原

40、因,应该会提高标准,而且带来新的操作程序。考查短语辨析。result in 导致，带来；match with使较量，与相配，使与一致;subject to 使服从，使遭受；受管制;proceed with 继续进行。因此A符合句意。13. 单选题When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flood

41、ing coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically

42、 new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scienti

43、sts are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the plane

44、ts environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that cl

45、imate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates （灵长目动物）some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human hist

46、ory has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for pla

47、net Earth. The benign （宜人的）global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 yearsduring which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appearedis a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate c

48、hange in the past reveals that Earths climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the futureeven without the influence of human activity.1. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged（ ）.2. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate（ ）.3. Scientist

49、s believe that human evolution（ ）.4. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that（ ）.5. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（ ）.问题1选项A.to give up his former way of lifeB.to leave the coastal areasC.to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD.to abandon his original settleme

50、nt问题2选项A.is going through a fundamental changeB.has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC.will eventually change from hot to coldD.has gone through periodical changes问题3选项A.has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB.has exerted little influence on climatic changesC.has largely been affected by

51、 climatic changesD.had had a major impact on climatic changes问题4选项A.human activities have accelerated changes of Earths environmentB.Earths environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC.Earths climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD.Earths climate is unlikely to undergo su

52、bstantial changes in the future问题5选项A.human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB.mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC.man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD.human civilization will continue

53、 to develop in spite of the changes of nature【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第段指出: After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease (

54、在迫使自己周边的很多动物几乎绝灭后，人类被迫放弃旧的生活方式而选择导致大范围饥荒和疾病的全新生存策略),因此选A:放弃自己向前的生活方式。2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planets environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over

55、 a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years (研究者己开始去拼凑一副有启示性的图片，展示了强大的地质和天文力量，这些力量共同改变了地球的环境，从热到冷，从湿到干，再到几亿年前的某个时期)。由此可知D “已经历阶段性的变化”正确。3.细节事实题。第三段指出: Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been

56、 driven by it (一些科学家认为，人类的历史确实不仅受全球气候变化的影响，且在某些情况下还受到它的推动),由此可知C项“很大程度上受气候变化的影响”正确。4.细节事实题。最后一段指出:In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earths climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the futureeven without the influence of human activity(事实上，过去气候变化的形式显示

57、，甚至在没有人类活动影响的情况下，地球的气候在未来几乎肯定地会经历急剧变化。”知C项“地球的气候在将来必然会显著地变化”正确。5.判断推理题。最后一段指出: In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earths climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the futureeven without the influence of human activity (事实上，过去气候变化的形式显示，甚至在没有人类活动影响的情况下，地

58、球的气候在未来几乎肯定地会经历急剧变化),由此可知作者想要传递的信息是:人类在而对气候的巨大变化吋实际上是无助的。14. 单选题The device can（ ）different measurements by electronics means.问题1选项A.imitateB.copyC.mockD.fake【答案】A【解析】句意:这个设备能通过电子手段来模拟不同的尺寸。考查动词辨析。Imitate模仿,仿效,模仿(某人的讲话、举止); copy 复制,抄袭;mock 愚弄,嘲弄;fake 捏造,假装的样子。故A符合句意。15. 单选题We are dealing with two dif

59、ferent perspectives that（ ）, intersect, but dont seem to yield a synthesis.问题1选项A.overrunB.overlapC.overworkD.overuse【答案】B【解析】句意:我们正在处理有部分重叠、交叉却似乎不能生成综合体的两种不同的透视图。考查动词辨析。Overrun 泛滥，横行，肆虐，多用(时间、钱财等)，超时;overlap部分重叠，部分地同时发生;overwork工作过度;overuse 使用过度（或过久）。由题干中关键信息intersect交叉”可知“部分重叠”符合。16. 单选题There is a

60、 strong（ ）that the matter will soon be settled.问题1选项A.livelihoodB.likelihoodC.singlehoodD.manhood【答案】B【解析】句意:那个事情很有可能将会很快被解决。考查名词辨析。livelihood 生计,生活;likelihood 可能性,可能; singlehood 单身,未婚;manhood 成年,男子,男子气概。故B符合句意。17. 单选题The mountain top was（ ）visible in the misty summer morning.问题1选项A.dimlyB.blanklyC.

61、obscurelyD.blurredly【答案】A【解析】句意:这个山顶在有雾的夏日清晨里朦胧可见。考查副词辨析。Dimly昏暗地,朦胧地,模糊地; blankly茫然地,茫然若失地,呆呆地;obscurely费解地,晦涩地;blurredly模糊地。由题干关键信息“misty summer morning(有雾的夏日清晨)”可知A项符合句意。18. 单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the（ ）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.

62、patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】句意:一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了，当在电视上看到这个悲惨的场景时，人们是难过的。考查形容词辨析。panic恐慌的，惊慌失措的；patriotic 爱国的;pathetic 可怜的，令人同情的，悲惨的；periodic 周期的，定期的。根据前半句句意“一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了”可知C正确。19. 单选题I recommend that the planning（ ）until all the materials have been supplied.问题1选项A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be sta