2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考试题库及模拟押密卷43（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题7.问题1选项A.She disagrees with the man.B.She couldnt agree with the man more.C.Its hard for them to fulfill their plans.D.Its impossible to get money from Gates Foundation.【答案】B【解析】M: This money from the Gates Foundation will help us with our plans.W: How could it

2、 not?Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】态度方向题。女士回答：How could it not， 即她非常同意男士说的。2. 单选题问题1选项A.It may take quite some time to recover.B.It can be fixed with a minor operationC.It is less serious than she expected.D.It requires another X-ray text.【答案】C【解析】11. W: Neither my uncle nor my elbow is broken. No

3、t even a little bit.M: Neither of them. Theyre both bruised, but not broken. Heres the X-ray reports.Q: What can we learn about the womans injury?【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：关于这位女士的伤势我们能知道什么？由文中“Neither my ankle nor my elbow is broken.（我的脚关节和肘关节都没有断）”和“Theyre both bruised, but not broken.（它们都只是擦伤，没有断）”，可

4、知C选项“It is less serious than she expected.（不如她想象中严重）”符合原文。A选项“It may take quite some time to recover.（恢复可能需要相当长的一段时间）” B选项“It can be fixed with a minor operation.（只要做个小手术就可以治好）”D选项“It requires another X-ray test.（关节需要再做X光检查）”不符合原文。3. 单选题14.问题1选项A.250 Yuan.B.450 Yuan.C.650 Yuan.D.850 Yuan.【答案】B【解析】W:

5、 Good morning. Would you like the private hot spring room today? For three people, it would be 250 Yuan per hour.M: Are there any discounts?W: Yes, It is 50 Yuan cheaper for each additional hour.M: Then well have two hours.Q: How much will the man pay?【解析】对话指出私人温泉是三个人每小时250元。有折扣，每增加一个小时优惠50元，问题问的是两个

6、小时多少钱。4. 单选题Stem cells are（ ）cells with the ability to divide and develop into many other kinds of cells.问题1选项A.infertileB.juvenileC.mobileD.versatile【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. infertile 不育的 B. juvenile 青少年的；幼稚的C. mobile 可移动的；易变的 D. versatile 通用的；多功能的；万能的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】干细胞是具有的细胞，能产生出其他多种细胞。由本句后半句“能产生出

7、其他多种细胞”可知干细胞是具有产生多功能的细胞。所以D选项“通用的；多功能的”符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。【句意】干细胞是一种多功能细胞，具有分裂和发育成许多其他类型细胞的能力。5. 单选题问题1选项A.Its benefits.B.lts effects.C.lts disadvantages.D.lts usefulness.问题2选项A.lt helps to simplify the task.B.lt makes the clinical information systems more complex.C.It is more difficult witho

8、ut clinical information system.D.lt is simpler to carry the task out.问题3选项A.They are forced to be brief.B.They save doctors time.C.They tend to be long but meaningless.D.They are welcomed by doctors.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C【解析】第1题:对于临床信息系统，对话中的描述是“Complex clinical information systems make simple tasks di

9、fficult to carry out（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，这是在说它的缺点，所以C选项正确。第2题:这个女性提到医生对于这个软件的抱怨“Complex clinical information systems make simple tasks difficult to carry out（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，说明这个软件其实使得临床信息系统更加复杂了，因此B选项正确。第3题:最后一句说到“These notes are often excessively long and lacking meaning（计算机生成的临床记录一般都很长而

10、且毫无意义）”，因此C选项符合文意。6. 单选题7.问题1选项A.John likes gambling.B.John is very fond of his new boss.C.John has ups and downs in the new company.D.John has a promising future in the new company.【答案】D【解析】W: John wants to move upward and onward with his new company.M: He is well qualified and the boss is into him

11、.W: So you think he will achieve his goal?M: Yeah! I bet he will.Q: What did the man mean?【解析】男士说John在新公司胜任新工作，受老板器重，并且肯定他会实现目标。7. 单选题1.问题1选项A.She is looking for a gift.B.She needs a new purse.C.Shes going to give a birthday party.D.She wants to go shopping with her mom.【答案】A【解析】M: You said that you

12、 wanted to go shopping this evening. What do you want to get?W: I think Id like to get my mom a new purse for her birthday.Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】女士说：I think Id like to get my mom a new purse for her birthday (我想给我妈妈买个钱包作为她的生日礼物)。8. 单选题12.问题1选项A.He is having a good time.B.He is very much li

13、ke his old bicycle.C.He will buy a new bicycle right away.D.He would rather buy a new bicycle later.【答案】D【解析】W: Carl, your bicycle is too old, its not safe to ride. M: Yeah! I think I need to buy a new one, but all in good time. Q: What does the man mean? 【解析】男士说：I think I need to buy a new one, but

14、 it will go with time（我考虑买新车，但这需要时间）。9. 单选题5.问题1选项A.He is a lawyer.B.He is a doctor.C.He is a travel agent.D.He is an immigration officer.【答案】B【解析】M: Well, tell me about your trouble.W: Two hours after eating, I get pain, and then I feel it.Q: What would the man do?【解析】推断题。对话是医患诊疗的过程，据此推测该男士的职业是医生。1

15、0. 单选题8.问题1选项A.One minute.B.Fifteen minutes.C.Half an hour.D.Five minutes.【答案】B【解析】W:How long does the pain last?M:Just a short while.W:A minute,5 minute,half an hour?M:Oh,not half an hour.W:How long does it last?M:About a quarter of an hour.Q:How long does the man say the pain last?【解析】男人最后说的是“a qu

16、arter of an hour”,即15分钟。故选B。11. 单选题问题1选项A.To take a couple of days off.B.To take some sleeping pills.C.To follow the mans advice.D.To stop complaining.【答案】C【解析】13. W: Is there anything else I can do to help me sleep at night? Should I stay home from work?M: Thats not necessary. Just remember to stay

17、 calm. Dont worry so much about things at work. Just do as I said, and youll sleep well.Q: What is the woman expected to do?【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：这个女士需要做什么？由文中“Just do as I said, and youll sleep well.（照我说的话去做，你可以睡个好觉）”，可知C选项“To follow the mans advice（遵从男士的建议；医嘱）”符合原文。A选项“休息几天”；B选项“吃几片安眠药”；D选项“停止抱怨”

18、不符合原文。12. 单选题 In planning for the health needs of these immigrant families, Francesca Weissman, a healthcare practitioner, asked two questions: (1) “What are the most urgent needs of this population?” and (2) “How can this population be induced to use the health services that are available?” In some

19、 respects, the second question is more important because persuading immigrant families to utilize services is a basic problem. Building trust is a primary goal. Employing caregivers who can speak the clients language will do much to lower ethnic barriers and reduce suspicion on the part of the poten

20、tial clients. Many traditional families are slow to develop personal relationships, and this holds true in the interactions with caregivers. Unless the families can communicate with caregivers, they cannot begin to trust them. Without trust, they are not likely to seek or even accept assistance. Com

21、munication is a two-way channel. Caregivers, Francesca realized, have an obligation to become acquainted with the culture of the growing ethnic populations, and of their diverse subgroups. By becoming informed and by conveying respect, caregivers can make interactions with immigrant families less fr

22、ightening and more productive. Awareness of the economic climate and other conditions in the place of origin helps caregivers recognize that the suspiciousness of immigrant families towards officials. A family approach to health care is recommended for immigrant groups. If the whole family can be in

23、volved in the healthcare program, the individual members are likely to be less fearful. Family-oriented programs may begin with practical advice about the neighborhood: locations of grocery stores, where to apply for food stamps, and how to look for work. Any programs developed for immigrant familie

24、s must be offered at convenient times and places because they may not have the knowledge or resources to travel freely in their new community.1. The passage begins by implying that immigrant families may not（ ）.2. It is difficult to build trust between immigrant clients and caregivers because（ ）.3.

25、Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?4. Which of the following is important when the family approach is adopted?5. What does the passage mainly focus on in terms of services to immigrant families?问题1选项A.be aware of their own health needsB.be willing to use the available servicesC.

26、be entitled to the basic healthcare servicesD.be able to afford services other than the most basic问题2选项A.caregivers have little overseas working experienceB.caregivers may not speak the clients native languageC.caregivers have a strong sense of cultural superiorityD.caregivers are averse to the clie

27、nts ethnic background问题3选项A.Understanding different cultures is necessary in offering good services.B.Lack of information and respect is a common problem among caregivers.C.Ethnic populations are gaining significant influence in the healthcare system.D.It is unreasonable to emphasize specific condit

28、ions in immigrants native homes.问题4选项A.Sufficient resources should be guaranteed to ensure the success.B.The daily life of the family should be cared for first and foremost.C.Fear among family members should be relieved at the beginning stage.D.What is included in the programs should be both practic

29、al and practicable.问题5选项A.How to establish an immigrant-friendly neighborhood.B.How to help immigrants enjoy available healthcare services.C.How to make an assessment of the existing healthcare services.D.How to assist caregivers in understanding immigrants family influence.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第

30、5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】The passage begins by implying that immigrant families may not（ ）. 文章一开始就暗示移民家庭可能不会_。A. be aware of their own health needs A. 了解他们自己的健康需求B. be willing to use the available services B. 愿意使用现有的服务C. be entitled to the basic healthcare services C. 享有基本保健服务D. be able to afford services ot

31、her than the most basic D. 能够负担得起除最基本的服务外的其他服务【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第一段“弗朗西斯卡韦斯曼提到两个有关移民家庭健康规划的问题：他们最迫切的医疗需求是什么？和怎样引导移民使用现有的医疗卫生服务？在某些方面，第二个问题更重要，因为说服移民家庭使用服务是一个基本问题”。由这一段可知移民家庭不太愿意使用现有的医疗服务。所以B选项“愿意使用现有服务”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“了解他们自己的健康需求”，根据解题思路可知是两个有关移民家庭健康规划中的第一个问题，文中说的是第二个问题更加重要，该选项本末倒置；C

32、选项“享有基本保健服务”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；D选项“能够负担得起除最基本的服务外的其他服务”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】It is difficult to build trust between immigrant clients and caregivers because（ ）. 移民客户和照顾者之间很难建立信任，因为_。A. caregivers have little overseas working experience A. 护理人员海外工作经验少B. caregivers may not speak the clients native language

33、 B. 护理人员可能不会说客户的母语C. caregivers have a strong sense of cultural superiority C. 看护者具有强烈的文化优越感D. caregivers are averse to the clients ethnic background D. 护理人员不喜欢客户的种族背景【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“雇用会讲客户语言的护理人员将大大降低种族障碍”以及倒数第二句“除非家属能与护理人员沟通，否则他们无法信任护理人员”，由这两句可知B选项“护理人员可能不会说客户的母语”是使移民和护理人员

34、很难建立信任的原因，符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“护理人员海外工作经验少”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；C选项“看护者具有强烈的文化优越感”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；D选项“护理人员不喜欢客户的种族背景”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。3.【选项释义】Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3? 下面哪一项可以从第三段推断出来？A. Understanding different cultures is necessary in offering good services. A. 了解不同的文化是提供优质服务的必要条件。B.

35、Lack of information and respect is a common problem among caregivers. B. 缺乏信息和尊重是照顾者中普遍存在的问题。C. Ethnic populations are gaining significant influence in the healthcare system. C. 少数民族人口在医疗体系中的影响力越来越大。D. It is unreasonable to emphasize specific conditions in immigrants native homes. D. 强调移民家乡的具体情况是不合理

36、的。【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 3与题干信息可定位至原文第三段，该处讲到开展移民医疗服务工作第二个方法，由第二句提到“弗朗西斯卡认识到，护理人员有义务熟悉不断增长的种族人口及其多样化的子群体的文化。”，由此句可知A选项“理解不同的文化对于提供好的业务是必要的”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“缺乏信息和尊重是照顾者中普遍存在的问题。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；C选项“少数民族人口在医疗体系中的影响力越来越大。”，属于无中生有；D选项“强调移民家乡的具体情况是不合理的。”，属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】Which of the following

37、 is important when the family approach is adopted? 当采用家庭方法时，下列哪项是重要的？A. Sufficient resources should be guaranteed to ensure the success. A. 应该保证有足够的资源来确保成功。B. The daily life of the family should be cared for first and foremost. B. 家庭的日常生活应该首先被关心。C. Fear among family members should be relieved at the

38、 beginning stage. C. 家庭成员的恐惧应该在开始阶段得到缓解。D. What is included in the programs should be both practical and practicable. D. 计划所包括的内容应该是切实可行的。【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文最后一段“移民家庭保健方案”，由第四段第三句“以家庭为导向的项目可能会从有关社区生活的实用建议开始”以及第四句“任何为移民家庭开发的项目必须在方便的时间和地点提供”，由这两句可知采取家庭保健项目要根据实际家庭的周边情况执行，所以执行措施要因时因地制宜，要求

39、有一定的可行性。因此D选项“计划所包括的内容应该是切实可行的。”正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“应该保证有足够的资源来确保成功。”，属于无中生有；B选项“家庭的日常生活应该首先被关心。”，属于无中生有；C选项“家庭成员的恐惧应该在开始阶段得到缓解。”，文中并未提及属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】What does the passage mainly focus on in terms of services to immigrant families? 在为移民家庭提供的服务方面，文章主要侧重于什么？A. How to establish an immigrant-friendly neighbo

40、rhood. A. 如何建立一个移民友好的社区。B. How to help immigrants enjoy available healthcare services. B. 如何帮助移民享受现有的医疗保健服务。C. How to make an assessment of the existing healthcare services. C. 如何评估现有的卫生保健服务。D. How to assist caregivers in understanding immigrants family influence. D. 如何协助护理者了解移民的家庭影响。【答案】B【考查点】主旨大意题

41、。【解题思路】综合全文，文章第一段提出了如何引导移民家庭成员参与社区医疗服务计划的问题。接下来的三段分别从三个方面回答了解决这一问题的方法，所以主要是侧重文章开头提出的第二个问题“怎样引导移民使用现有的医疗卫生服务”。所以B选项“如何帮助移民享受现有的医疗保健服务。”正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“如何建立一个移民友好的社区。”，文中并未提及属于无中生有；C选项“如何评估现有的卫生保健服务。”，文中并未提及属于无中生有；D选项“如何协助护理者了解移民的家庭影响。”，只是片面地阐述了解决的方法，属于以偏概全。13. 单选题21-25问题1选项A.He is a man who has a gene

42、of longevity.B.He is a professor at Boston University.C.He is the owner of the website T.D.He is the creator of a website on longevity.问题2选项A.Women dont like red meat as much as men.B.The high estrogen level in women makes the differences.C.Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men.D.

43、The incidence of cardiovascular disease is much lower in women.问题3选项A.in their 50s and 60s.B.in their 60s and 70s.C.in their 70s and 80s.D.in their 80s and 90s.问题4选项A.Calcium.B.Lodine (骨关节炎).C.Zinc.D.Iron.问题5选项A.The reason why red meat is harmful to health.B.The reason why vegetarian food is so popu

44、lar.C.Another possibility for womens longevity.D.The important role iron plays in cellular reactions.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】Across the industrialized world, women still live 5 to 10 years longer than men. Among people over 100 years old, 85% are women, (21) according to Tom Perls, founder

45、of the New England Centenarian Study at Boston University and creator of the website Living to . T asks him why.Why do women live longer than men?(22)One important reason is the big delayand advantagewomen have over men in terms of cardiovascular disease, like heart attack and stroke. (23) Women dev

46、elop these problems usually in their 70s and 80s, about 10 years later than menwho develop them in their 50s and 60s. For a long time, doctors thought the difference was due to estrogen. But studies have shown that this may not be the case, and now we know that giving estrogen to women post-menopaus

47、e can actually be bad for them. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE (24)(25) One reason for that delay in onset of cardiovascular disease could be that women are relatively iron-deficient compared to menespecially younger men, those in their late teens and early 20sbecause of men

48、struation. Iron plays an very important part in the reactions in our cells that produce damaging free radicals, which glue onto cell membranes and DNA, and may translate into aging the cell. In fact, in our diets, red meat is the main source of iron, and lack of iron is probably one major reason tha

49、t being vegetarian is healthy for you. There was a very good study looking at the intake of red meat and heart disease in Leiden in the Netherlands: in regions where people didnt eat red meat, those populations had half the rate of heart attack and stroke compared to the populations that did eat red

50、 meat. 21. According to the passage, what is true about Tom Perls, founder of the New England Centenarian Study?【解析】细节题。此人是波士顿大学某个研究中心的，但并未说他是教授。故选D22. According to Tom Perls, which of the following might be an important reason that women live longer than men?【解析】细节题。根据文中所述，女性比男性普遍寿命长的原因是女性患心脑血管疾病的年

51、纪比男性晚。23. According to the passage, when do men usually develop cardiovascular disease?【解析】细节题。文中说到女性通常在七八十岁时出现问题，比男性晚10年左右，而男性则在六七十岁时出现问题。24. Compared to men, which of the following is women relatively deficient in?【解析】细节题。文中说到女性因为例假造成铁元素缺乏。25. What might the next paragraph discuss?【解析】细节题。本文主题讲到on

52、e of the reasons证明下文还要讲其它原因，故选C。14. 单选题9.问题1选项A.To ask local people for help.B.To do as Romans do only when in Rome.C.Try to act like the people from that culture.D.Stay with your country fellow.【答案】C【解析】W: Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture. M: Thats for sure. But th

53、ey should do as Romans do. Q: According to the man, what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture? 【解析】固定词组。男士说：But they should do as Romans do。do as Romans do的含义是“入乡随俗”。15. 单选题11.问题1选项A.Mary isnt his type.B.He felt in love with Mary at first sight.C.Mary was not pretty enough.D

54、.He wont teach Mary chemistry.【答案】A【解析】W: How was your date with Mary?M: She was very nice and pretty，but I just dont have chemistry with her.Q: What does the man mean?【解析】细节题。男士说：She was very nice and pretty，but I just dont have chemistry with her（Mary漂亮，人也好，但自己就是没有感觉）。16. 单选题2.问题1选项A.She bears noi

55、ses in her ears day and night.B.She has been overworking for a long time.C.Her right ear, hurt in an accident, is troubling her.D.Her ear rings are giving her trouble day and night.【答案】A【解析】W: My ears are always ringing. Day and night I cant sleep.M: Which is your bad ear?W: My right ear hurts.Q: Wh

56、y does the woman have trouble sleeping?【解析】女士在对话中说到难以入眠是因为My ears are always ringing（耳朵一直有噪音）。17. 单选题7.问题1选项A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.【答案】B【解析】W: Now Daddy Im wearing this on your chest. Its called stethocope. It might be a little cold, Ill warm it up. Feel the end, OK? First of all Ill listen to

57、your front and then your back.M: She has gone that a lot of times.Q: How many people have been involved in the situation?【解析】推断题。父亲说：She has gone that a lot of times，由此推测，本段对话中除了父女俩还有第三人的存在。18. 单选题6.问题1选项A.2.6B.3.5C.3.9D.136【答案】D【解析】W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you? M: I was wondering if you ha

58、d the results. W: Oh, yes, the results. Weve got them. M: Great. W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6, Sodium (钠) 136, and Potassium(钾)3.9. M: 3.5. W: No, thats 3.9 Q: What is the mans sodium level? 【解析】细节题。女士说：Sodium （钠） 136，故选D。19. 单选题问题1选项A.Japan.tB.France. tC.The UK. tD.South Korea.问题2选项A.Low obesity ra

59、tes.B.Inadequate health resources.C.Advanced medical technology.D.High levels of alcohol consumption.问题3选项A.Obesity rates in different countries.B.Dietary patterns in different countries.C.Life expectancy in different countries.D.Alcohol consumption in different countries.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:C【解析】第1题:

60、男性说到“A new analysis found that by the year 2030, the South Korea will be the leader with an average life expectancy of 90 years”，说明韩国人的预期寿命会在2030年领先。第2题:最后一句说到“But in the UK, there has been a lot more drinking”，说明在英国，喝酒的现象很多，因此D选项“大量饮酒”正确。第3题:对话以一个问句“which country do you think has the current highest life expectancy（你认为哪个国家的预期寿命最高）”开头，再讲到了日本、韩国、英国及法国的一些情况，说明本段对话讲的主题就是各个国家的预期寿命情况，C选项正确。20. 单选题 A decade ago, most patients were informed over the phone or in person by the doctors. But in the past few years, hospitals and medical practices have urged patient