2014春季八年级下册Unit2_I’ll_help_to_clean_up_the_city_parksSection_B课文重难点讲解

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1、张明工作室 in 2014.1.6Unit2 Ill help to clean up the city parks课文重难点讲解Section B1. I repaired it . 我把它修好了【解析】 repair v “修理；修复”1) repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或 失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。 Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。 This shirt is too old

2、to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。3) fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起 来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。 Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?2. I take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈。【解析】(1)take after =be similar to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像 （v. +adv）【短语】take back 收回，接回 take down 写下 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占去（时间或空间）take car

3、e 小心 take care of 照顾 take place 发生 take out 拿出 take away 拿走(2)look like 只指在外貌上与.相像【短语】：look after 照顾 look up 向上看，查找look for 寻找 look out 小心( )Do you _after your mother or your father? My father .We both have big eyes and black hair.A. look B. take C. run( ) The girl _ the woman. Maybe she is her daug

4、hter. A. take care B. takes after C. takes off D. look after【2011山东青岛2】Tom _ his father, because they both are cheerful and easygoing. A. looks like B. takes after C. doesnt take after D. isnt like3. I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。【解析】fix =mend=repair v 修理，修补 fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv) ( ) Where is Frank now

5、? He _his bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up ( ) My watch doesnt work .I wonder who can _for me.A. fix up it B. fix it up C. mix it up D. mix them up 【2013山东烟台】28.My bike is broken. Could you help me to ? A. fix it up B. set it up C. make it up D. put it up4. Im similar to her

6、 . 我和她很像。【解析】similar adj. 相似的 be similar to sb. 和某人很相似( ) Mary is very similar _her sister in appearance.A. in B. to C. with D. for( ) Her sweater is _ to my sisters . They are the _ color. A. similar; same B. similar; similar C. same; same D. same; similar【2013山东烟台】4.The customs in Qingdao are_（相似的

7、）to those in Yantai.【2013浙江丽水2】 Can you tell the differences between two pictures? Differences ? Oh , They look quite _. A. different B.similar C.stange D.interesting5. I gave it away. 我把它修理好了【解析】give away 赠送； 分发（奖品），捐赠 ( ) What are you doing, Uncle Wang? I am sorting out old books and Ill _ to kids

8、 in West China. A. give them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in【2013浙江温州】8. Andrea Bo celli never , which makes him a successful singer.A. takes away B. gives awayC. gets upD. gives up【拓展1】与give相关的短语： give off放出，释放 give back归还，送回 give out分发 give in屈服 give up停止，放弃 give sb. a hand助某

9、人一臂之力 give sb. a call给打电话 give a talk作报告 give lessons to给上课 give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) give sb. a chance给一次机会 give sb. lessons给某人上课 give a message to给一个口信 give a concert举办音乐会 give sb. sth. or give sth. to sb.给某人某物 return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人 【2013江苏连云港1】11. It

10、 was a difficult time for the quakehit victims in Yaan, but they didnt _ hope. A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give out 【拓展2】与away相关的短语： get away from 逃离 throw away扔掉 go away 离去；出去 stay away (from)远离 put away 放好 run away 逃走6. Ill send you a photo of Lucky.【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”

11、，强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。 (2) a photo of sbs. sbs.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。 ( ) One of my friends is a policewoman, this is a photo of . A. her B. hers C. she D. his 【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】2. Excuse me，look at the sign NO PHOTOS! Sorry, I _it. A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see7. Im su

12、re you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. 我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。【解析1】be sure (that) .be sureofabout doing sth，“确信”；“对有把握”。 但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑； be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。 Im sure of his honesty我肯定他是诚实的。 be sure to do sth ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必

13、定”、 “必然会”、“准会”如何如何。 It is sure to rain天一定会下雨。be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断， 意为“确信某事一定会”。 We are sure he will make great progress this term 我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步【拓展】makesure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。 makesure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。Makesure+that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。Makesure+of+代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。Makesureofhiscomin

14、gbeforeyousetoff. 出发之前要确定他是否来。 Imakesure(that)hewouldcome. 我确信他会来。【解析2】set up 建立；设立 set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）【短语】：set off 出发set about doing sth 着手去做某事（ ）The primary school _in 1995 with the hope of young people.A. was set up B. was put up C. was found ( ) We have _ some organizations to he

15、lp the poor students in the western areas of China. A. taken up B. put up C. picked up D. set up 【2013湖北荆州4】24. When are you going to _ for Shanghai? Tomorrow morning. A. get offB. turn offC. take offD. set off【2013甘肃白银2】The company wants to _ a school for the poor children. A. Put off B.set up C.ca

16、ll in D.look after【解析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 （既可以做表语， 也可以做定语）。 disabled people 残疾人 Though he is _(able) , Liu Wei made his dream to be a pianist come true.【加前缀dis- 构成的派生词】 dislike 不喜欢 disorder 无秩序 dishonest 不诚实 disappear 消失8. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. “幸运”对我的生活产生了很大的影响。【解析】makes a big

17、difference 影响；有作用【2013广西南宁3】The heavy snow didnt _ the international airlines. A. pay attention to B.add to C. make a difference to D.keep to9. Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily. 或者想象一下你不能走路或自如地使用你的手。 【解析】imagine + n/ ving/ pron v 想象 ( ) My mother cant imagine _ on line. Many people

18、dont know how to do it. A. shop B. to shop C. shopping D. Shopped【2012河南2】The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life . Can you _ a life without it? A. understand B.imagine C.consider D.expect10. . But many people have these difficulties.但是很多人有这些困难。【解析】have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事

19、有困难【2013山东聊城】 I have great _ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me? No problem. A.fun B.success C.advice D.difficulty11. I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.我热爱动物，并且为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已。【解析】be excited about 对.感到激动【解析1】excite exciting/excited 兴奋的 be excited about对感

20、到兴奋 We are _ about the _news .(excite) What _ news! -Yes. We are all _ about it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited【2013四川遂宁】Everyone was _ when they heard the _ news. A. exciting; exciting B. excited ;exciting C.exciting; excited12. I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家

21、了。【解析】 be able to 能够词条适用时态人称和数例句be able to用于各种时态有人称和数的变化I will be able to dress more casually.can用于现在时或过去时（could）没有人称和数的变化I could swim at the age of seven.=I was able to swim at the age of seven.【2012贵州黔东南】Lucy could read story book at the age of four. A.is able to B.was able to C.should D.would13.

22、My dogs name is Lucky a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. 我的狗的名字叫“幸运” 对于他来说是个好名字，因为有了他我感觉自己很幸运。【解析】be/ feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸运。【解析1】 luck n.“幸运” lucky adj.“幸运的” luckily adv.“幸运地” unlucky adj.“不幸的” unluckily adv.“不幸地；不幸的是” _(luck), he got the first prize this time. 【2012浙

23、江湖州】The little girl was very _(幸运的）to get a free ticket to Disneyland.14. For example, I say, “Lucky! Get my book,” and he does it at once. 例如， 我说：“Lucky！把我的书拿来。” 它马上就照做。【解析】(1)fetch v 去拿来=get 去（某地） 拿来（讲话者处） (2)bring v 带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）bring up 养育，养大 bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物(1) take v 带

24、来 从（讲话者）拿走take took taken【短语】 take care 小心 take charge of 负责，看管 take hold of 握住 take off 脱下 take out 取出take a look 看一看 take away 拿走 take exercise 做运动take it easy 不紧张 take ones time 从容不迫( ) Oh ,Ive left my schoolbag in the classroom. Dont worry. Ill _it for you.A. bring B. get C. carry D. take( ) The

25、 teacher told the students _ any food into the classroom . A. not to bring B. not bring C. dont bring D. to bring not( ) Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. A. bring B. to bring C. bringing【2013山东枣庄】22.How are you going to be a basketball player ? I every day. A. am going

26、 to practice basketball B. am going to study mathC. am going to take acting lessons D. am going to study computer science【2013湖北荆州】23. Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _ it for me? No problem. A. bring B. fetch C. take D. carry【2013浙江绍兴】Ive left my keys in the meeting room. Please _them fo

27、r me. All right. A. buy B. paint C. wash D. fetch【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】24.Im sorry, Mr Li. I _ my English homework at home. Dont forget it to school tomorrow. A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring15. Ill send you a photo of him if you like, and I could show you how he helps me.如果你喜欢我会给你寄张他的照

28、片，并且我会告诉你他是如何帮助我的。【解析1】send sent sent v 发送 【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物【注】类似的动词有：show (展示； 给看) give (给) lend (借出) offer（提供） return （归还） tell （ 告诉）( ) You fill in both parts of the form, then_.A. send up it B. send for it C.

29、 send it away D. send it off( ) Please send a photo of your family _ me. A. for B. at C. to D. with【2011四川绵阳】15. - Drunken drive is dangerous, isnt it? - Yeah. That why drunken drivers _ to prison even without causing accidents. A. sent B. are sent C. send D. are sending【解析2】if 如果引导真实条件状语从句从句用一般现在时，

30、主句用一般将来时。【2013山东临沂2】23. Please hold on to your dream _ one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unlessD. though【2013四川凉山3】28. Would you like to go shopping with me, Carmen？ Id love to, _ you dont want to go alone. A. until B. before C. if【2013辽宁鞍山4】23. The children will climb the hill if it_ tomorro

31、w. A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. isnt raining D. doesnt rain【2013广东3】36. If Nancy _ the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.A. pass B. passed C. passes D. will pass16. Thank you again for changing my life. 再次感谢你改变了我的生活。【解析1】Thank sb. for +n/ pron/ ving 为而感谢某人。( ) You study so hard that

32、youre sure to pass the exam. Thank you for _ so. A. say B. to say C. saying D. said【2013黑龙江绥化】23. _ the teacher, Ive made great progress. A. Thank you B. Thanks C. Thanks lot【2013呼和浩特】74. _ her husband，she has now become a famous film star. A. Because B. Thanks to C. Thanks for D. With the help 【解析2

33、】change v 改变；变化 change ones life 改变某人的生活 change. Into. (把.）变成【2013河南中考】If you want to change the world, you have to _ yourself first. A.enjoy B.check C.help D.change【单元语法】一、短语动词分类：1.动词+介词 ask for 请求 belong to 属于 look at 看 look after 照顾 learn from 向学习 remind of 提醒 take after 与相像2.动词+ 副词 take away 拿走

34、wake up 醒来 put off 推迟 give out 分发 think over 考虑 end up 结束3.动词+ 副词+ 介词come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完get along with 与相处 do well in 擅长 look forward to 期望4.动词+ 名词+ 介词take part in 参加 make use of 利用pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词 be strict with 对要求严格 be mad at 对.恼火 be full of 充满 be dif

35、ferent from 与不同二、 短语动词的用法：1.以介词结尾的短语动词，后面接名词，代词，动名词作其宾语，该名词，代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。 think of 想起 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 agree with 同意 ask for 请求2.“动词+副词” 结构的短语动词后可解名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 （1） 接名词时，可以放在短语中间，或短语之后（2） 接代词时，代词只能放在动词或副词之间put on 穿上 put off 脱下 put up 挂起give up 放弃 give away 捐赠 hand out 分发 wake up 叫醒 Exerc

36、ise：【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】22. Its time for CCTV news. Lets _ the TV and watch it. A. turn onB. get onC. try onD. put on【2013浙江温州】8. Andrea Bocelli never , which makes him a successful singer.A. takes away B. gives awayC. gets upD. gives up【2013浙江台州】21. Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its

37、too loud?Sorry! Ill do it in a minute.A. turning on B. turning offC. turning upD. turning down【2013浙江台州】18. How do you like Li Yundi? A cool guy! His music _ really beautiful.A. tastesB. soundsC. smellsD. looks【2013四川遂宁】30. The teachers encourage their students to the problems by themselves, and in

38、this way students can enjoy success.A. give up B. work out C. look through【2013四川遂宁】27. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will . A. come out B. come true C. achieve【2013四川遂宁】24. Pauls parents were worried that he too much time chatting on line.A. spent B. paid C. took【2013四川泸州】9. Can you

39、 help me to _ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong?A. look after B. look for C. look at D. look through【2013四川凉山】29. Cindy, look at your new shoes. Arent they beautiful? Yes, they are really nice, Mum. I cant wait to . A. put them on B. put it on C. put on them【2013四川广安】28. When will the plane _Shangha

40、i?Sorry，I dont know.A. get B. arrive at C. reach 【2013湖北黄石】38. It _ me about 10 days _ painting the walls.A. took; to finish B. cost; finishing C. took; finishing D. spent; to finish【2013湖北黄石】33. Many students in our school _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.A. worry about

41、 B. care for C. agree with D. take care【2013湖北黄石】 37. Tom, its cold outside. _ your coat when you go out.A. Take off B. Put on C. Put away D. Take away【2013山西】22. In April, the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have _ four seasons in a week. A. organi

42、zed B. experienced C. described 【2013山西】26. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to _ each other. A. get on with B. come over to C. stay away from 【2013山东聊城】34.If you want to buy this dress , yo

43、u d better _ first to make sure it fits you . A. pay for it. B. take it off. C. tidy it up . D. try it on.Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经 ；过去_5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at th

44、e age of 在.岁时 8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为工作；为. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money

45、筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似 26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day

46、is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. . . . you can see in their eyes that the y? re going on a differen

47、t journey with each new book.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。第 9 页 共 9 页