2022年考博英语-西北大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第6期

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1、2022年考博英语-西北大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Her voice （ ）as she admitted what she had done.问题1选项A.hesitatedB.injectedC.floatedD.slid【答案】A【解析】hesitate 踌躇，犹豫；inject 注入，注射；float 浮动，飘流；slid 滑落，不知不觉地陷入。句意：她承认自己所做的事时，她的表达有些犹豫。选项A符合句意。2. 翻译题大学之所以有理由存在，是因为它使老少两代人在富于想象力的学习中，保持了知识与生活热情之间的联系。大学提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，这是

2、它应该为社会发挥的作用。一所大学如果做不到这一点，就没有理由存在。富于想象的思维可以营造出一种令人兴奋的氛围，而这种氛围又可以转化知识。事实不再只是纯粹的事实，它被赋予了种种可能性。它不再是记忆的负担，而是充满活力，犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人，能实现我们意图的建筑师。【答案】The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative

3、consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative considerat

4、ion, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare fact: it is invested with all its possibilities. It is no longer a burden on the memory: it is energizing as the poet of our dreams, and as the architect of our purposes.3. 单选题Alexander Wolcotts flamboyant personality combined sharpness of wit wi

5、th sentimentality.问题1选项A.deviousB.humorousC.singerD.showy【答案】D【解析】句意：Alexander Wolcott浮夸的个性结合了敏锐的机智和多愁善感。flamboyant意为“艳丽的，炫耀的，浮夸的”。devious偏僻的，弯曲的；humorous幽默的；singer歌手；showy艳丽的，炫耀的，显眼的。选项D与之意思相近。4. 单选题Humor has been well defined as: “Thinking in fun while feeling in earnest”.问题1选项A.幽默被人很好地解释为：“带着认真的情

6、绪滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰当地解释为：“认真地感觉,不认真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地诠释为：“一面认真地感觉一面滑稽地思考”。【答案】A【解析】本题的关键在于对引语的翻译，相比较之下，选项A翻译最为准确。5. 单选题When she began the job, Lisa showed （ ）and was promoted to a manager after a year.问题1选项A.nitiativeB.ambitionC.attributeD.peculiarity【答案】B【解析】initiative 主动权，首创精神；ambition抱负，雄心；attribute属性，

7、特质；peculiarity怪癖，特征。句意：当丽莎开始这份工作时就展现了她的抱负，一年后被提升为经理。选项B符合句意。6. 单选题People with a great deal of （ ）often have admiring friends and bitter enemies.问题1选项A.qualityB.appearanceC.personalityD.characters【答案】C【解析】a great deal of后面接不可数名词，首先排除选项D；再根据句意可知，选项C更符合语境。句意：很有个性的人往往有仰慕他的朋友和充满仇恨的敌人。7. 单选题Some scientist

8、s hypothesized that there are intellectual beings on some （ ）bodies.问题1选项A.astronauticB.celestialC.astronomicalD.astrological【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项astronautic“太空航行的，宇航员的”，C项astronomical“天文的，天文学的”，D项astrological“占星的，占星学的，占星术的”，B项celestial“天上的，天空的”，celestial body表示“天体”。由intellectual beings“有智力的生物”可知，空格部分

9、表示“在一些天体上”。句意：一些科学家假设某些天体上有智慧生物。因此，该题选择B项正确。8. 单选题I dont think it is impartial for the professor to flunk my Chemistry test.问题1选项A.unbiasedB.compatibleC.exonerativeD.effusive【答案】A【解析】句意：我不认为教授让我的化学考试不及格是公正的。impartial意为公平的，不偏不倚的。unbiased 公正的，无偏见的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative 免罪的，免除的；effusive 流出的，感情

10、横溢的。选项A与之意思最为相近。9. 单选题All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read （ ）letters from their families.问题1选项A.sentimentalB.affectionateC.intimateD.sensitive【答案】B【解析】sentimental 伤感的，多愁善感的；affectionate 深情的，充满爱的；intimate 亲密的，精通的；sensitive 敏感的，易受伤害的。句意：所有的海上石油探测者读到家人写的充满爱的信时，都会情绪高涨。选项B符合

11、语境。10. 单选题The right combination of bricks, mortar and plaster can be mixed to build a great city, but it is the citys people who add that extra dimension which makes it vibrant, memorable, famous and much-visited. London is such a city, and a major exhibition about its people makes this point by pul

12、ling-together paintings, drawings, and prints by artists over the centuries to show Londoners from all walks of life and in all manner of settings. The capitals renowned old markets, most now gone, like Covent Garden and Billingsgate, captured the eye of painters because of the extraordinarily dispa

13、rate range of characters mingling together. Processions and ceremonial events were popular subjects, although many artists were inspired by the individuals they saw: the street traders, laborers, merchants, craftsmen, society folk, servants, visiting foreigners, the very poor, the old, and the crimi

14、nals. There is a book which accompanies the show and from which in Britain has chosen its illustrations. Londoners are published by Thames and Hudson, 30-34 Bloomsbury Street, London WC1B3QP. Telephone 01-636 5488. It has 237 illustrations, 20 in color: 20 in hardback, 9.95 paperback. Available post

15、-free direct from the publishers to addresses, overseas, or from bookshops in the UK.The exhibition continues until August 2 at the Museum of London. Open Tuesday to Saturday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Admission free.1.According to the advertisement, the element which adds the real color to a city is（ ）.2.T

16、he artists are more likely to be inspired by （ ）.3.From the advertisement, we are told that the book which goes with the exhibition（ ）.4.Readers overseas can get a copy of the book（ ）.5.From the advertisement, we can infer that there would be free admission（ ）.问题1选项A.the city itselfB.its inhabitants

17、C.the buildingsD.the markets问题2选项A.popular subjectsB.processionsC.the individualsD.ceremonial events问题3选项A.is called LondonersB.is called BritainC.contains only 20 picturesD.contains less than 200 illustrations问题4选项A.for 9.95B.by paying 29.95C.only by ordering from bookshops in BritainD.by joining t

18、he Literary Guild问题5选项A.on MondaysB.on August 1stC.on SundaysD.before 10 a.m.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“it is the citys people who add that extra dimension which makes it vibrant, memorable, famous and much-visited.”正是这座城市的人民为这座城市增添了额外的维度，使它充满活力、令人难忘、闻名遐迩、游客众多。所以选项B正确。2.细节事实题。

19、根据第一段“many artists were inspired by the individuals they saw.” 许多艺术家的灵感来自于他们所看到的个人选项C正确。3.推理判断题。根据第一段的后半部分可知：在英国，有一本书中的插画被选来展览。这本书叫伦敦人，由泰晤士和哈德逊出版。选项A正确，选项B，C，D均不符合原文。4.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“20 in hardback, 9.95 paperback. Available post-free direct from the publishers to addresses, overseas, or from books

20、hops in the UK.”精装本20英镑，平装本9.95英镑。可从出版商或者是英国书店直接免费邮寄到所需地址，甚至是海外。只有选项A正确。5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，在伦敦博物馆的展览将持续到8月2日。星期二至星期六，上午十点至下午六点开放。免费入场。由此可知选项B正确。11. 单选题At first, the results of the experiment seemed （ ）,but finally a pattern emerged.问题1选项A.haphazardB.graveC.genuineD.gullible【答案】B【解析】haphazard 偶然的，随意的；

21、grave 严肃的，暗淡的；genuine 真正的，诚恳的；gullible 易受骗的，轻信的。句意：起初，实验的结果似乎没有起色，但最终出现了一个模式。选项B更符合语境。12. 单选题A series of rifle shots disturbed the （ ）of the camp grounds.问题1选项A.solidarityB.tranquilityC.equanimityD.propinquity【答案】B【解析】solidarity 团结；tranquility 宁静，平静；equanimity镇定；propinquity接近，邻近。句意：一连串的步枪射击打破了营地的宁静。

22、选项B符合语境。13. 单选题然而, 研究人员在报告中提醒说, 相对于患更严重的疾病的危险来说, 这些益处简直微不足道。问题1选项A.Researchers in the study, however, cautioned that such benefits dont outweigh the risk of more serious ailments.B.However, researchers reminded in the report that such benefits are nothing compared with the risk of more serious ailme

23、nts.C.However, researchers cautioned in their report that such benefits dont indolence a lot comparing to the risk of more serious ailments.【答案】A【解析】“提醒”在本句中用remind比较口语化，caution更为正式，因为是在报告中进行提醒，因此caution更为恰当；后面包含一个比较，用outweigh言简意賅， 最为恰当。所以选项A翻译最精确。14. 单选题Well, youre a tall man and you can carry a go

24、od deal of weight without looking awkward.问题1选项A.inconvenientB.funnyC.untidyD.clumsy【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，awkward意为笨拙的。inconvenient 不便的；funny 有趣的；untidy凌乱的，懒散的；clumsy 笨拙的。选项D与之意思相近。15. 单选题If profit and money are your first （ ）, and commitment to people your least concern, you have failed education.问题1选项A.

25、potentialityB.priorityC.superiorityD.responsibility【答案】B【解析】potentiality潜力，可能性；priority优先权，优先考虑的事；superiority优越，优势；responsibility责任，职责，义务。句意：如果利润和金钱是你最优先考虑的事，而对他人的承诺是你最不关心的，那么你的教育就是失败的。选项B符合句意。16. 单选题He thinks about nothing but play billiard. Hes completely addicted to it.问题1选项A.ascribed toB.hooked

26、up toC.indulged inD.tended to【答案】C【解析】句意：他只想着打台球，完全沉迷其中。addicted to意为“沉迷于”。ascribed to 归因于；hooked up to连接到；indulged in 沉溺于；tended to倾向于。选项C与之意思最为相近。17. 单选题By the time that dispute was resolved, relations between service and management had been poisoned.问题1选项A.disdainedB.retainedC.taintedD.stained【答案

27、】C【解析】句意：在争端得到解决时，服务和管理之间的关系已经被破坏。poisoned意为破坏，摧毁。disdained 鄙弃；retained保留，保存；tainted 污染的，感染的；stained 玷污的，着色的。选项C最符合原句语境，所以正确。18. 单选题The black clouds of gathering thunderstorm look quite （ ）.问题1选项A.ominousB.negligibleC.overcastD.obscure【答案】A【解析】ominous 预兆的，不吉利的；negligible 微不足道的，可忽略的；overcast 愁闷的，阴暗的；

28、obscure 昏暗的， 晦涩的，不清楚的。句意：乌云密布的雷暴看起来很不吉利。选项A更符合语境。19. 单选题The presidents enemies are spreading ill rumors to （ ）his authority.问题1选项A.assertB.forgeC.undermineD.remain【答案】C【解析】assert维护，主张，声称；forge伪造，锻造；undermine破坏，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。20. 单选题“Better late than never” is a （ ）that is very familiar to most English speakers.问题1选项A.plauditB.plenaryC.plentyD.platitude【答案】D【解析】plaudit 喝彩，赞美；plenary全体会议；plenty大量，充足；platitude 陈词滥调。句意：“迟做总比不做好”是大多数说英语的人都很熟悉的陈词滥调。选项D符合句意。