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1、2022年考博英语-山东大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Language, culture, and personality may be considered _ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.问题1选项A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。separately from “独立的”, independently和of搭配。句意：语言、文化和个性被认为是相互独立存在的，但是实际上是不可分割
2、的。选项D符合题意。2. 翻译题Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.【答案】直到人类意识到把人口减到一半，直到能使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物，否则人们将必须接受更多的“人造食品”。3. 单选题Motorcyclists should wear helmets
3、 to（ ）them from injury.问题1选项A.saveB.shieldC.shelterD.defend【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。save意为“使免于受到的损伤”；shield指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害；shelter通常指寻找安全地方躲避危害；defend指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受损害。题中是指运用头盔这种工具躲避伤害。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题Henrys news report covering the conference was so（ ）that nothing had been omitted.问题1选项A.comprehensiveB.co
4、mprehensibleC.understandingD.understandable【答案】A【解析】近义形容词词义辨析。comprehensive “完全的，无所不包的”；comprehensible “能懂的，可以理解的”；understandable “（行为）可以理解的”；understanding“善于理解的”。句意：亨利对于这个会议的报道是相当全面的，没有什么漏掉的信息。选项A符合题意。5. 单选题Knowledge is a comfortable and necessary retreat and _ for us in an advanced age; and if we
5、do not plant it while young, it will give us no shade when we grow old.问题1选项A.ingredientB.relianceC.shelterD.inclination【答案】C【解析】名词词义解析。ingredient “要素，组成部分”，reliance “信赖”；shelter “庇护，避难所”；inclination “倾向，爱好”。句意：多我们来说知识是舒适而必要的归宿在我们年老的时候，如果年轻时不开始，年老的时候它就不会给我们遮阴。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题It is hard to tell whether
6、 we are going to have a（ ）in the economy or a recession.问题1选项A.concessionB.boomC.transmissionD.submission【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。concession “特权”，boom “繁荣”；transmission “传输”；submission “屈服”。句意：很难判断我们将来的经济将会呈现繁荣的景象还是衰退的面貌。选项B符合题意。7. 单选题The mountain peak is（ ）on the horizon.问题1选项A.straddlingB.overlookingC.towe
7、ringD.dominant【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。straddling “跨坐”；overlooking “俯瞰”；towering “高耸的，超越的”，侧重于与周围环境形成比较；dominant “占优势的，显性的”，be dominant on “占主导”。句意：山顶耸立在地平线上。题目中山峰没有和周围环境形成比较，在地平线上最显眼。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题She is too shy to ask a stranger the time, （ ）speak to a room of people.问题1选项A.much lessB.much moreC.still moreD.
8、more or less【答案】B【解析】副词词组辨析。much less “更不用说”；much more “更加”；still more “更何况”；more or less “或多或少”。句意：她十分害羞以至于不敢询问陌生人时间，更何况是和一屋子的人说话。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题If something very substantial is not done next month, he cannot（ ）his office.问题1选项A.obtainB.secureC.haveD.retain【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。obtain “获得”；secure “保护”；hav
9、e “拥有”；retain “保留”。句意：如果下个月没有做一些实质性的工作，他将保不住他的职位。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题The Prime Minister denied that the president（ ）any information about the transfer and transaction of the nuclear weapons in North Korea.问题1选项A.kept silent aboutB.was privy toC.was knowledgeable aboutD.had a stake in【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。kept
10、silent about “保持沉默”；was privy to “参与，对知情”；was knowledgeable about “熟悉”；had a stake in “与利害攸关”。句意：首相否认，总统对朝鲜核武器的转让和交易知情。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题To give you a general idea of our products, we enclose the catalogues showing various products handled by us with detailed _ and means of packing.问题1选项A.specimensB.in
11、spectionsC.samplesD.specifications【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。specification “规格，规范”；specimen “范例；样品，样本”；inspection “检查”；sample “样品，例子”。句意：为了使你对我们的产品有个大致的了解，随函寄上我们各种产品的目录，包括详细的规格介绍和包装方式。选项D符合题意。12. 单选题Scientists are searching for the oldest tree _ because it can teach them a great deal about many issues related
12、with climate change.问题1选项A.livelyB.aliveC.livingD.live【答案】B【解析】同根词词义辨析。lively “活泼的，充满生气的”；alive “活着的”；living “现存的”；live “生动的”。句意：科学家正在寻找活着的古老的树，因为可以教他们许多有关于气候变化的问题。选项B符合题意。13. 单选题How large a proportion of the sales of stores in or near resort areas can be _ to tourist spending?问题1选项A.attributedB.app
13、liedC.contributedD.attached【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。attributed to “归因于”；applied to “应用于”；contributed to “有助于”；attached to “附属于”。句意：在度假胜地或附近，商店销售额中有多大的比例可以归因于旅游消费？选项A符合题意。14. 单选题This new book has received several reviews since its publication; but none of them have made a just （ ） of the book.问题1选项A.calculati
14、onB.evaluationC.profitD.register【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。calculation “估计”；evaluation “评价”；profit “利润”；register “注册”。句意：这本书出版以来已经获得了几个评论，但是没有一个评论是表示对这本书的评价。选项B符合题意。15. 单选题The most frustrating periods of any diet are the inevitable _, when weight loss _ if not stops.问题1选项A.moods. acceleratesB.feasts. haltsC.ho
15、lidays. contractsD.plateaus. slows【答案】D【解析】名词和动词词义辨析。mood “情绪，语气”；feast “筵席，宴会”；holiday “度假”；plateaus “高原，停滞时期”。accelerate “加速，促进”；halt “停止”；contract “感染，订约”；slow “放慢，阻碍”。句意：任何节食中最令人沮丧的时期是不可避免的停滞时期，如果不停止，体重下降会放慢。选项D符合题意。16. 单选题Science is based on experiment，on a willingness to（ ）old dogma, on an ope
16、nness to see the universe as it really is.问题1选项A.encounterB.convertC.challengeD.formulate【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。encounter “偶然遇见”；convert “转换”；challenge “挑战”；formulate “规划”。句意：科学是基于实验的，愿意去挑战老教条，以开放的眼光去探求宇宙的本质。选项C符合题意。17. 单选题With facilities worth 30 to 50 billion dollars and 9,000 miles of roads in the natio
17、nal park system alone, keeping up with needed repairs is_（ ）_.问题1选项A.overwhelmingB.appallingC.dominantD.appealing【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。overwhelming “势不可挡的”；appalling “令人震惊的”；dominant “主导的”；appealing “吸引力的”。句意：仅国家公园系统就拥有价值300亿到500亿美元的设施和9000英里的道路，维修花费是令人吃惊的。选项B符合题意。18. 单选题Many of the conditions that _ pop
18、ulation pressures overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness lead to dissatisfaction.问题1选项A.bring forwardB.give rise toC.feed up withD.result from【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。bring forward “提出，提前”； give rise to “引起”； feed up with “对厌烦”； result from “起因于”。句意：许多由于人口压力导致的条件，过度拥挤、失业、贫困、饥饿和疾病，导致了不满。选项D符合
19、题意。19. 单选题Certain animal behaviors, such as mating rituals, seem to be _， and therefore _ external factors such as climate changes, food supply, or the presence of other animals of the same species.问题1选项A.learned. immune toB.innate. unaffected byC.intricate. belong toD.specific. confused with【答案】B【解
20、析】形容词词义和动词词组解析。learned “有学问的”；innate “与生俱来的”；intricate “复杂的，错综的”；specific “明确的，详细的”。immune to “不受影响的”；unaffected by “不受影响的”；belong to “属于”；confused with “对困惑”。句意：一些动物的行为，比如交配行为，似乎是与生俱来的，不受外来因素影响的，比如气候变化，食物供给或者同一物种其他动物的存在。选项B符合题意。20. 单选题The career I have chosen（ ）opportunities yet it is fraught with heartbreak, despair and hardship.问题1选项A.is laden withB.is lack ofC.is burdened withD.is in want of【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。be laden with “满载，充满”；be lack of “缺乏”；be burdened with “使重负”；be in want of “需要”。句意：我选择的职业充满机会，然而也充满的心碎、绝望和艰辛。选项A符合题意。
2022年考博英语-山东大学考试题库及模拟押密卷9（含答案解析）
