2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷25（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题No one needs to feel awkward in （ ）his own customs.问题1选项A.pursuingB.followingC.chasingD.seeking【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。pursue “追求”；follow “追随”；chase “追逐”；seek “寻求”。句意：没有人需要因为追随自己的习俗而感到尴尬。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Some people think that a （ ）translation, or word-for-word translat

2、ion, is easier than a free translation.问题1选项A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。literal “照原文的，逐字的”；literary “文学的”；liberal “自由的”；linear “直线的”。句意：一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I（ ） a rest.问题1选项A.deserveB.preserveC.co

3、nceiveD.receive【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。deserve “应得，应受”；preserve “保存”；conceive “设想怀孕”；receive “收到”。句意：我花了四个周末写论文，现在觉得我应该休息一下了。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题The word conservation has a thrifty （节俭）meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share

4、 the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or

5、 nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new

6、 idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands, soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning th

7、at it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyones daily life. To know about the water table （水位）in the ground is just as important to us as a

8、knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds （上游源头森林地带集水区）need to the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty

9、 of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of mans fellow creatures on this planet is figured out only in square measure of surface but also in cubit volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to rest

10、ore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1.The authors attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is（ ） .2.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that（ ） .3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier gener

11、ations didnt realize（ ） .4.To avoid correcting the mistake of our forefathers, the author suggests that （ ）.5.Whats the best title for the passage?问题1选项A.positiveB.neutralC.suspiciousD.critical问题2选项A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC

12、.they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials问题3选项A.the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of the beauty of

13、nature问题4选项A.we plant more treesB.natural science be taught to everybodyC.environmental education be directed toward everyoneD.we return to nature问题5选项A.Our Forefathers Big MistakeB.Improve the Living ConditionsC.Protection of Our ResourcesD.Lead a Simple Life【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段

14、第三句most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible” 提到很多人直到现在还愚蠢地以为那些资源是取之不尽用之不竭的，从 foolish这个单词可知作者对此持批判态度。选项D符合题意。2.文章第二段主要讲述由于几十年前林业科学还是一门没有普及的学科，使得我们的祖先们没有好好保护环境。四个选项中，A, C, D三个选项可以归纳为当时的人还没有环保意识，所以选项B符合题意。3.文章第三段最后一句话In brief, i

15、t should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can 提到我们应该把保存自然原始的美作为目标，由此推断我们的祖先当时没有把这个当成目标，选项D符合题意。4.文章最后一段使用了多次 we need to know, we need to be taught 等，可知作者提倡使用教育的方法来提高人们的科学知识。选项B符合题意。5.文章反复强调 conserve, conservation 这两个词，可知作者所要表达的中心思想便是保护环境资源。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题If a pers

16、on talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in theway of （ ）.问题1选项A.persuasionB.remedyC.encouragementD.compromise【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。persuasion “说服”；remedy “补救”；encouragement “鼓励”；compromise “妥协”。句意：当有人谈到自己的弱点时，听者应当对他进行鼓励。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题Im sure your suggestion will （ ）the

17、problem.问题1选项A.contribute to solvingB.be contributed to solveC.contribute to solveD.be contributed to solving【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。contribute to 后面要接名词或者动名词，选项A符合题意。7. 单选题If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of （ ）.问题1选项A.persuasionB.remedyC.encoura

18、gementD.compromise【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。persuasion “说服”；remedy “补救办法”；encouragement “鼓励”；compromise “妥协”。句意：如果一个人提及到他的弱点，他的听众应该说一些鼓励他的话。选项C符合题意。8. 单选题Mary once（ ） with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。merge “混合”；collabo

19、rate “合作”；coincide “一致”；constitute “组成，构成”。句意：玛丽曾经与另外一位音乐家合作写了一首流行曲。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题Out of （ ）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Perfect “完美的”；total “全部的”；sheer “绝对的；纯粹的”；integral “完整的”。句意：纯粹是出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人

20、品，毁坏她的名誉。选项C符合题意。10. 单选题The New Testament was not only written in the Greek language, but ideas derived from Greek philosophy were （ ） in many parts of it.问题1选项A.criticizedB.incorporatedC.summonedD.translated【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。criticize “批评”；incorporate “包含；合并”；summon “召唤，召集”；translate “翻译，转化”。句意：新约不

21、仅是用希腊文写的，而且它其中许多部分吸收了源于希腊哲学的思想。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is gene

22、rally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of green spaces in the urban environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the fun

23、ctions of green spaces in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of green space facilities.The theoretical separation of living, w

24、orking, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neig

25、hborhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. Th

26、e urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the child

27、ren cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.1.According to the

28、author, the importance of green spaces in the urban environment2.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to （ ）.3.The author suggests that the recreative possibilities of greenspace should be provided4.According to the author, greenspace facilities should be des

29、igned in such a way that5.The main idea of this passage is that（ ） .问题1选项A.is still unknownB.has been fully recognizedC.is being closely studiedD.is usually neglected问题2选项A.the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighbourhoodB.the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourho

30、odC.relatively little attention for recreative possibilitiesD.the location of recreation facilities far from home问题3选项A.in the neighbourhood of the houseB.in the suburbsC.in special areasD.in gardens and parks问题4选项A.an increasing number of recreative activities might be developedB.more and more peop

31、le might have access to themC.more obligatory activities might take on a recreative aspectD.recreative activities might be brought into our homes问题5选项A.attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilitiesB.better use of greenspace facilities should be made so as to improve the q

32、uality of our lifeC.the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years agoD.priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.文章第一段at present it is generally accepted 提到关于城市绿地的功能已经被广泛接受，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章第二段提到这种理论区分造成了对

33、远离家庭的休闲形式的失衡的关注，和对于生活区域附近的休闲场所发展的忽略（disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home），由此得出这种区分导致人们把休闲设施的重点放在离家远的区域，所以选项D符合题意。3.文章第二段so it is obvious that

34、 recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house 提到休闲设施应该先从离家近的地方开始，所以选项A符合题意。4.文章第二段提到the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect，选项C符合题意。5.文章主要讲述了如何更好地利用小区的绿地空间来增加城市居民的生活质量，选项B符合题意。12. 单选题The long years of food shorta

35、ge in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定量供应)is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep

36、on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay? Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly

37、been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests. North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britains overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.But the effect of all this on the food situati

38、on in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less

39、 of it.Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they shou

40、ld not be enabled to benefit from this trend.The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation has seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home

41、market. Present production is running at 51 percent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 percent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not working very well.1.Why is there “wide-spread uneasiness and conf

42、usion about the food situation in Britain?”2.The main reason for the rise in food prices is that（ ） .3. Why didnt the governments expansion program work very well?4.The decrease in world food price was a result of （ ）.5.What did the future look like for Britains food production at the time this arti

43、cle was written?问题1选项A.The abundant food supply is not expected to last.B.Britain is importing less food.C.Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.D.Britain will cut back on its production of food.问题2选项A.people are buying less foodB.the government is providing less financial support for agric

44、ultureC.domestic food production has decreasedD.imported food is driving prices higher问题3选项A.Because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the government guaranteedB.Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production.C.Because the farmers were uncertain ab

45、out whether foreign markets could be found for their produceD.Because the older generation of farmer were strongly against the programmer.问题4选项A.a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumers.B.a sharp fall in the cost of food productionC.the overproduction of food in the food-importing count

46、riesD.the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries问题5选项A.The fall in world food prices would benefit British food producers.B.An expansion of food production was at hand.C.British food producers would receive more government financial support.D.It looks depressing despite gove

47、rnment guarantees.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? 提到人们对于为什么粮食多了价格却依然持续上涨表示担忧，所以可以看出人们感到不安和困惑的原因是食物充足但是价格却在上涨，选项C符合题意。2.文章第三段a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of govern

48、ment support for food提到食物价格增长的主要原因是政府逐渐减少了对食物的支持。选项B符合题意。3.文章最后一段Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market 提到尽管目前的价格还有市场保证，但是农民依旧担心他们将被挤压在廉价的进口食品和一个萎缩的国内市场中，所以可以推断农民对于这样的保证是不信任的。选项A符合题意。4.文章第二段Th

49、e recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests 提到国际食物市场贸易顺差的增加非常大，贸易顺差说明出口多余进口，由此可知是国内生产增加使得出口加大，选项D符合题意。5.文章最后一句but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the e

50、xpansion program is not working very well 提到部长重复的建议没有什么作用，扩张计划进行的不怎么好，由此可知，这个前景是令人担忧的。选项D符合题意。13. 单选题Theyll have you（ ） if you dont pay your taxes.问题1选项A.to be arrestedB.arrestC.arrestedD.being arrested【答案】C【解析】考查have sb. done 句型。 have sb. done 表示“让某人被”；have sb. do “让某人做”；have sb. doing “让某人一直做”。句意：

51、你如果不纳税，他们会让你被捕。选项C符合题意。14. 单选题In a primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the forms a relationship with one familiar teacher. On entering secondary school, a new world opens up and frequently it is a much more difficult world. The pupil soon learns to be less free i

52、n the way he speaks to teachers and even to his fellow up pupils. He begins to lose gradually the free and easy ways of the primary school, for he senses the need for a more cautious approach in the secondary school where there are older pupils. Secondary staff and pupils suffer from the pressure of

53、 academic work and seem to have less time to stop and talk. Teachers with specialist roles may see hundreds of children in a week, and a pupil may be able to form relationship with very few of the staff. He has to decide which adults are approachable; good schools will make clear to every young pers

54、on from the first year what guidance and personal help is available but whether the reality of life in the institution actually encourages requests for help is another matters.Adults often forget what a confusing picture school can offer to a child. He sees a great deal of movement, a great number o

55、f people-often rather frightening-looking people-and realizes that an increasing number of choices and decision have to be made. As he progresses through the school the confusion may become less but the choices and decisions required will increase. The school will rightly expect the pupil to take th

56、e first steps to obtain the help he needs, for this is the pattern of adult life for which he has to be prepared, but all the time the opportunity personal and group advice must be presented in a way which makes them easy to understand and within easy reach of pupils.1.According to the passage one o

57、f the problems for pupils entering secondary schools is that（ ）2.In secondary schools every pupil having problems should（ ） .3.In this passage about secondary schools, the author is mainly concerned about （ ）.4.Which of the following statements is true?5.What is the main idea of this passage?问题1选项A.

58、they are taught by many different teachersB.they do not attend lessons in every subjectC.the teachers do not want to be friendlyD.the teachers give most attention to the more academic pupils问题2选项A.know how to ask for helpB.be free from any pressure of academic workC.to able to discuss his problems i

59、n classD.be able to discuss his problems with any teacher问题3选项A.academic standardsB.the role of specialist teachersC.the training of the individual teachersD.the personal development of pupils问题4选项A.Pupils will form relationship with old pupils rather than teachers.B.The setting of the primary schoo

60、l is comparatively simpler than that of the secondary school.C.All the teachers in the secondary school are rather frightening-looking.D.Pupils have opportunities to get help from any teacher in the secondary school.问题5选项A.The difference between the primary school and the secondary school.B.The meth

61、od that pupils get help from the teachers.C.The personal development of the pupils in the secondary school.D.The function of the secondary school.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段teachers with specialist roles may see hundreds of children in a week, and a pupil may be able to form relationshi

62、p with very few of the staff 提到老师每周要与几百个孩子打交道，学生们很少能和老师形成密切的关系。因而能够推断学生们进入中学后会面对更多的老师，选项A符合题意。2.文章第一段最后一句提到好的学校会让学生们清楚知道他们可以寻求哪些老师的帮助。第二段又指出学校应该期望学生们开始学习如何寻求他所需的帮助，选项A符合题意。3.文章主要在讲述学生们从小学到初中经历的环境的巨大的变化，他们的感受，以及学校和老师应该采取什么方式来应对学生们的这些变化。由此可知，作者关注的是学生们的成长。选项D符合题意。4.文章第一句In a primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the forms a relationship with one familiar teacher 提到小学的环境相对于单纯，选项B符合题意。5.文章主要是在讲述学生们步入中学后面临的一些问题，以及学校和老师就这些问题采取的一些措施，作者关心的是学生们的成长，所以选项C符合题意。15. 单选题Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really