2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解41

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1、2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题Those people （ ）a general understanding of the present situation.问题1选项A.lack ofB.are lacking ofC.lackD.are in lack【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格中填入谓语，因为lack为及物动词，其后接宾语无需用介词，选项A和B可排除。又因为固定搭配in lack of “缺少，缺乏”，选项D可排除。句意：这些人缺乏对目前形势的基本了解。根据排除法，选项C符合题意。2. 单选题（ ） us ear

2、lier, （ ）your request to the full.问题1选项A.You have contacted. we could comply withB.Had you contacted. we could have complied withC.You had contacted. could we have complied withD.Have you contacted. we could comply with【答案】B【解析】考查语法知识。综合题干和选项判断，本题考查的是省略if的虚拟语气。本题表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/

3、might/should+现在完成时。因此B选项符合题意。3. 问答题The small number of potential buyers does not provide a sufficiently large market for this kind of apparatus.(enough)【答案】The small number of potential buyers does not provide enough market for this kind of apparatus.4. 单选题Whats the one word of advice a well-meaning

4、 professional would give to a recent college graduate? China? India! Brazil? How about trade?When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doom saying. Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion in the month, ar

5、e subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The larger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.But theres another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports a

6、nd exports seem not to signal a double-dip recessiona renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United Statesbut an economic expansion.The rising volume of trademore goods and services shuttling in and out of the United Statesis good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in s

7、hipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery, and logistics have all been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers signify growing vitality in foreign marketswhen we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U.S. exports are rising because more

8、foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and market. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the priceagricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.And while exports

9、 always seem to lag, U.S. companies are becoming more involved in the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GMs balance sheet and hence makes the Jobs of U.S.-based executives

10、more stable.One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. Thats to be expected, given what weve been through. But theres a bigger challenge. Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out

11、how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to pick up and move to India or Brazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but its no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.Companies and individuals who dont

12、have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lions share of economic opportunity in our world.1.How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June?2.What does the author say about the trade d

13、ata of the past two years?3.Who particularly benefit from the rising volume of trade?4.What is one of the challenges facing the American economy?5.What is the authors advice to U.S. companies and individuals?问题1选项A.It reflects Americans preference for imported goods.B.It signifies a change in Americ

14、an economic structure.C.It is the result of Americans growing focus on domestic market.D.It could lead to slower growth of the national economy.问题2选项A.It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increasedB.It shows that U.S. economy is slipping further into recession.C.It signals decreasi

15、ng domestic demand for goods and services.D.It reflects the fluctuations in the international market.问题3选项A.People who have expertise in international trade.B.Consumers who favor imported goods and services.C.Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials.D.Retailer dealing in foreign goods and s

16、ervices.问题4选项A.Competition from overseas.B.Peoples reluctance to spendC.Slack trade activitiesD.Decreasing productivity问题5选项A.To import more cheap goods from developing countries.B.To move their companies to where labor is cheaper.C.To increase their market share overseas.D.To be alert to fluctuatio

17、ns in foreign markets.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段最后一句，“Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.”，可知悲观主义者认为，如果这种失衡继续下去，可能会导致经济增长放缓。可判断出悲观主义者认为美国6月份的贸易逆差导致国民经济增长放缓。因此选项D符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段第二句，“Over the past two years, the figures on

18、 imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recessiona renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United Statesbut an economic expansion.”，可知过去两年，进出口数据似乎没有显示出二次衰退的迹象，即美国经济活动水平的再次下降，而数据显示是经济扩张。可判断出对于两年的贸易数据，表明美国的经济活动有所增加。因此选项A符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章第四段，“The rising tide of trade

19、 is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the priceagricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.”，可知对那些从事贸易行业的人来说，贸易上涨也是一个好消息，尤其是那些生产大宗商品，这些商品的价格由全球的需求多决定，如农产品、矿业、金属和石油。可判断出，贸易上涨最受益的是农产品和原材料生产者。因此选项C符合题意。4.

20、细节事实题。根据文章第四段第一二句，“One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully.”，可知美国经济面临的一个巨大挑战是国内消费需求疲软。美国人正在偿还债务，增加储蓄，从而更加谨慎地消费。可判断出美国经济面临的最大的挑战是人们不愿意消费。因此选项B符合题意。5.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，“Companies and individuals w

21、ho dont have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lions share of economic opportunity in our world.”，可知作者提出那些没有增加、没有更多参与国外市场、没有在全球贸易中发挥作用的公司和个人，正在把自己推离于世界经济机会的最大份额之外。可判断出作者是建议公司和个人更多参与国外市场和国际贸易，以此

22、来增加海外的市场份额。因此选项C符合题意。5. 单选题Robots have freed the man from much boring work; （ ）they protect man from being harmed by some dangerous work.问题1选项A.thusB.soC.howeverD.moreover【答案】D【解析】副词词义辨析。thus “因此”；so “所以”；however “然而”；moreover “而且，此外”。根据句子意思，可判断出前后两句存在递进关系，所以选用moreover表递进。句意：机器人不仅可以使人类从无聊的工作中解脱出来，而且

23、能够保护人们免遭一些危险工作的伤害。因此选项D符合题意。6. 单选题The sound of footsteps on the bare floor （ ）the downstairs neighbors.问题1选项A.disturbedB.interruptedC.annoyedD.irritated【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。disturb妨碍，打扰；interrupt打断；annoy打搅，惹恼；irritate激怒。句意：踩在地板上的脚步声打扰了楼下的邻居。选项A符合语境。7. 翻译题Translating the following passages from English int

24、o Chinese.Former England captain David Beckham is to retire at the end of the season. The 38-year-old signed a five-month deal at Paris St-Germain in January and donated all of his salary to charity.Beckham made 115 appearances for England and 394 for Manchester United, winning six Premier League ti

25、tles and the Champions League.Here, in his statement released today, Beckham talks about his decision to retire from playing. “Im thankful to PSG for giving me the opportunity to continue but I feel now is the right time to finish my career, playing at the highest level.” “If you had told me as a yo

26、ung boy I would have played for and won trophies with my boyhood club Manchester United, proudly captained and played for my country over one hundred times and lined up for some of the biggest clubs in the world, I would have told you it was a fantasy. Im fortunate to have realized those dreams.” “T

27、o this day, one of my proudest achievements is captaining my country. I knew every time I wore the Three Lions shirt, I was not only following in a long line of great players, I was also representing every fan that cared passionately about their country. Im honoured to represent England both on and

28、off the pitch.” 【答案】前英格兰队队长大卫贝克汉姆将于本赛季末退役。今年1月， 38岁的小贝在巴黎圣日耳曼签署了一份为期5个月的合同，并将自己的全部薪水捐给了慈善机构。贝克汉姆代表英格兰出场115次，代表曼联出场394次，六次获得英超冠军和欧冠冠军。在他今天发表的声明中，贝克汉姆谈到了退役的决定。“我非常感谢巴黎圣日尔曼给我继续参赛的机会，但是我觉得现在是时候结束我的职业生涯了，在最高水平的联赛中。”“如果你在我很小的时候告诉我，我会为曼联俱乐部效力并赢得奖杯，并自豪地担任队长，为我的国家征战100多次，并为世界上一些伟大的俱乐部效力，我会告诉你这些只是幻想。幸运的是，我实现了

29、这些梦想。”“直到今天，我最引以为豪的事情就是担任国家队队长。每当穿上三狮军团的战衣，我知道我不仅作为一名球员，同一大群伟大的球员合作征战，我也代表着每一位关心英格兰的球迷。我很荣幸能够成为英格兰的代表，无论是场内还是场外。”8. 单选题It is time the nations of the world （ ）a halt to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.问题1选项A.would callB.callC.calledD.will call【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。It is time( that) sb. did sth.意为“是做某事的时

30、候了.”。句意：世界各国是时候停止制造核武器了。所以选项C正确。9. 单选题Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical compositiona finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.Cream and butter conta

31、in pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsionstiny globules （小球体）of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. The difference lies in whats in the globules and whats in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the inve

32、stigation.In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout

33、 the mixture.” He says.When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you ge

34、t a self-limiting system which stops the hotelier growing.” Says Brocklehurst.The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the foods structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make

35、the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.1.The significance of Brocklehursts research is that（ ）.2.According to the researchers, cream sours faster than butter becau

36、se bacteria（ ）.3.According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by（ ）.4.The word colonies refers to（ ）.5.Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack（ ）.问题1选项A.it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preserva

37、tivesB.it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter.C.it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter.D.it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition问题2选项A.are more evenly distributed in creamB.multiply more easily in cream than in butterC.live on les

38、s fat in cream than in butterD.produce less waste in cream than in butter问题3选项A.removing its fatB.killing the bacteriaC.reducing its water contentD.altering its structure问题4选项A.tiny globulesB.bacteria communitiesC.watery regionsD.little compartment问题5选项A.by varying its chemical compositionB.by turni

39、ng it into a solid humpC.while keeping its structure unchangedD.while retaining its liquid form【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.”，可知对于为什么奶油比黄油坏的问题的研究是由Brocklehurst主导的。又根据文章第一段，“a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical pre

40、servatives.”，可知对这一问题研究的结果和发现，有助于帮助去除一些加工食品中的化学防腐剂。可判断出Brocklehurst的研究的意义在于提供了一种可以不使用防腐剂而使某些食品保持新鲜的方法。因此选项A符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad pr

41、efer to live in the watery regions of the mixture.”，可知在奶油中，脂肪球在水中漂浮。在黄油中，水样溶液的小球被锁在脂肪中。而使食物变坏的细菌更喜欢生活在混合物的含水区域。可判断出在奶油中，细菌更容易在这种混合物中生存繁殖，所以奶油会更快变质。因此选项B符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial atta

42、ck through alterations to the foods structure.”，可知研究人员已经在与食品公司合作，希望能通过改变食物的结构使其具有抵抗细菌攻击的能力。可判断出研究者Brocklehurst表示，我们可以通过改变食物的结构来使奶油保险，抵抗细菌入侵。因此选项D符合题意。4.词义理解题。根据文章第四段，“When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, indi

43、vidual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients.”，可知当情况发生逆转时，细菌被锁在深埋在脂肪海洋中的隔间里。根据trapped in this way可判断出，此句是对上一句情况的继续描述，所以非谓语动词的逻辑主语仍然不会改变，这里的colonies和上文的bacteria是同一事物，都为主语。可判断出colonies也是指细菌。因此选项B符合题意。5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions us

44、ed in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.”，可知Brocklehurst认为将有可能制造出用于沙拉酱中的乳剂，就像用于黄油的乳剂一样。关键是在保持沙拉酱液体的状态，而不是变成固体块。可判断出如果能使沙拉酱在保持液态的状态下能同时抵抗细菌的侵袭，那么这项研究成果将有可能用于商业用途，所以关键在于是要保持液体状态。因此选项

45、D符合题意。10. 单选题“Do you mind if Edward rides in your car?”“Yes, I do. Ill be glad to take （ ）Edward.”问题1选项A.somebody else thanB.anybody butC.some other person butD.anyone else than【答案】B【解析】固定搭配题。题目是一个情景对话，所以需要关注上下文，上文提问说你介意爱德华乘坐你的车吗？，下文回答是的，介意。根据这里我们可以推知后一句应该是除了爱德华，其他人我都不介意。anyone but sb.为固定用法，表示“除了某人之

46、外的所有人”， 所以B选项正确。11. 单选题Newspapers in the 1920s and the 1930s offered their readers gifts to increase their （ ）.问题1选项A.circulationB.contributionC.regulationD.advocation【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析题。A选项circulation “(报刊)发行量，销售量”；B选项contribution “捐 资，贡献”；C选项regulation“规则，管理”；D选项advocation“拥护，支持”。根据空格前“offered their

47、readers gifts为读者提供礼物”可知报纸行业是通过増加发行量为读者提供礼物A选项正确。12. 单选题If I didnt know the word, I had to a （ ）dictionary.问题1选项A.look outB.make outC.refer toD.go over【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。A选项look out “（表示警告，尤指有危险）小心，当心，留神”；B选项make out “理解，辨认”；C选项refer to“涉及，与相关，查阅，参考”；D选项go over “复习，仔细检查”。根据前一句句意我不认识这个单词，以及空格后“a dictionar

48、y词典”可知C选项refer to“查阅，参考”正确。13. 问答题Not all of the people like this movie. (popular)【答案】This movie is not popular in all of the people.14. 单选题The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds （ ）his arguments in favor of the new theory.问题1选项A.to be based onB.to base onC.which to base onD.on which to

49、base【答案】D【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空白处填入的词语是引导定语从句，修饰先行词grounds,所以排除A选项和B选项。因为连接词which在从句中作介词宾语，所以前面需要一个介词，D选项正确。15. 单选题We prefer that the plan （ ）before being put into execution.问题1选项A.be fully discussedB.must be fully discussedC.will be fully discussedD.is fully discussed【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。prefer后面接that引导

50、的宾语从句时，谓语动词用should+动词原形，其中should可省略。所以选项A为省略了should的正确答案。16. 单选题It was（ ）we had hoped.问题1选项A.more a success thanB.a success more thanC.much of a success asD.a success as much as【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配more than “超过”，可排除选项C和D。又因为we had hoped 是一个完整的句子，所以用more than+句子，表示“超过”。句意：这是一次超过预期的成功。因此选项B符合题意。17. 单选

51、题Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply（ ）.问题1选项A.descendedB.slippedC.lessenedD.declined【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。descend “下降，下倾（数量）”；slip “使滑动”；lessen “使变小，使减轻”；decline “下降，拒绝”。句意：去年，芝加哥的犯罪率急剧下降。因此选项D符合题意。18. 单选题（ ）1980 that Voyager transmitted photographs of Saturn to earth.问题1选项A.When it wasB.Dur

52、ingC.It was inD.That was in【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据题目中的that和句子结构，可判断本句为强调句，强调句句型为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who，句意：正是在1980年，“旅行者”号向地球传送了土星的照片。因此选项C符合题意。19. 问答题He is warm-hearted, but this doesnt mean that he is bright. (follow)【答案】He is warm-hearted, which is not usually followed by brightness.20. 单选题Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, （ ）overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.问题1选项A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.what【答案】A【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空格处填入的词是引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是beer，跟空格后的overall consumption是所属关系，所以连接词用whose，A选项正确。