2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第107期

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1、2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题His duty fulfilled, Henry felt a great weight（）off his mind.问题1选项A.takingB.to takeC.takenD.took【答案】C【解析】考査独立主格结构。take的逻辑主语是weight，两者是被动关系，所以本题选C。2. 单选题Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled（）the decision made by ou

2、r fellow countrymen.问题1选项A.forB.onC.toD.in【答案】C【解析】reconcile to为固定搭配,表示“顺从于”。句意：虽然我们对选举结果感到不满意,但是我们不得不顺从于我们的同胞们作出的决定。3. 单选题Too much（）to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.问题1选项A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure【答案】D【解析】词汇题。disclosure披露,揭发；exhibition展览,显示；contact

3、接触,联系；exposure暴露,曝光。句意：过度暴露在x射线下会导致皮肤灼伤、癌症或对身体造成其他伤害。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题This young man,（）with a craving for materialistic gratification, cares about nothing but money.问题1选项A.obsessedB.negotiatedC.compromisedD.provided【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。obsessed with沉迷于；negotiated with与协商；compromised with向 （某人）妥协；provided wit

4、h给提供。句意：这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足，只关心钱。选项A符合句意。5. 单选题People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in（）populated areas.问题1选项A.denselyB.intenselyC.abundantlyD.highly【答案】A【解析】副词辨析。densely浓密地、稠密地；intensely激烈地、热情地；abundantly丰富地；highly高地，非常。句意：住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题Both of

5、 them are too stubborn to agree to（）, so they had to be assigned to different branches.问题1选项A.a friendshipB.a compromiseC.a judgmentD.an emotion【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。句意：他们两个都很固执,不肯妥协,所以不得不分管不同的部门。选项B项符合句意。7. 单选题Believe it or not, last year Matt earned（）his brother, who has a better position in a big compan

6、y.问题1选项A.as twice much asB.twice as much asC.as twice much asD.as much twice as【答案】B【解析】考查倍数的表达。倍数应放于as much as之前，所以选项B正确。8. 单选题（）the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Professor White persisted in his research.问题1选项A.Because ofB.In spite ofC.As toD.In view of【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。Because of因为；I

7、n spite of尽管,虽然；As to至于；In view of由于。句意：虽然事实是他最初的实验失败了,但是White教授依然坚持他的研究。选项B符合句意。9. 单选题I dont think it is（）to reconstruct the destroyed forest ecosystem in a few years.问题1选项A.plausibleB.notableC.considerableD.feasible【答案】D【解析】词义辨析题。plausible可信的；notable显著的；considerable值得考虑的；feasible可行的。句意：我认为在几年内重建受破

8、坏的森林生态系统是不可行的。选项D符合句意。10. 单选题As far as I know the（）in their ages is 10 years.问题1选项A.disparityB.displacementC.disorderD.disposition【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。disparity悬殊、不同；displacement取代、位移；disorder混乱；disposition性情、倾向。句意：据我所知，他们的年龄相差10年。选项A符合句意。11. 单选题Your improper words will give（）to doubts concerning your tru

9、e intentions.问题1选项A.riseB.reasonC.suspicionD.impulse【答案】A【解析】give rise to为固定搭配,表示“使.发生,引发”。句意：不恰当的话语会使人对你的真实意图产生怀疑。12. 单选题The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man（）Prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15thcentury.问题1选项A.wasB.namedC.beingD

10、.called【答案】B【解析】考查分词的独立主格结构。分词做状语时其逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致,若不一致时,则要加上自己的逻辑主语。选项B正确。句意：葡萄牙人非常赞赏一个人,因为他促进了海上旅行,这个人就是生活在15世纪的航海家亨利王子。13. 单选题We hadnt enough money to pay our bus fare, and in（）we had to walk.问题1选项A.particularB.consequenceC.possessionD.succession【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。particular特别的，特色；consequence结果，因此；poss

11、ession拥有，所有；succession接连，避承权。句意：我们没有足够的钱卖车票，所以只能步行。选项B符合句意。14. 单选题he board deemed it urgent that these files（）right away.问题1选项A.had to be printedB.should have been printedC.have been printedD.be printed【答案】D【解析】语法题。当句中出现deem, suggest, insist, require等表主观愿望的词时,从句需要使用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形, should可省略。根据句意：

12、委员会认为迫切需要立即把这些文件打印出来。由此可知文件还没打印,所以不用完成时。选项D正确。15. 单选题That terrible noise is（）me mad.问题1选项A.drivingB.settingC.puttingD.turning【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配题。drive sb.使某人.。句意：那可怕的噪音快把我逼疯了。16. 单选题In managing information resources, the medium may be the key to an effective system. The medium is a vehicle, a tool, or

13、a container for holding information; the information itself is the thing of value.Three popular categories of information media are paper, film，and electronic storage devices. The media choice must not be viewed as a choice among these three, however; it must be viewed as an opportunity to select fr

14、om a multitude of media possibilities in combinations that build effective systems. In many instances the person responsible for information-resource management is not the person who determines the medium in which information will be created. In such a case, the manager of a firms information resour

15、ces faces a challenge in making a significant contribution to the organizations objectives.For effective management of information resources, media conversion may be necessary. Examples include keying or scanning paper documents to convert them to electronic media. Other processes convert electronic

16、 media from one format to another. For example, disk files created on one system may not be compatible with another system. Various hardware and software combinations can be used to convert files to formats that equipment will accept. For information generated within organizations, this necessity of

17、 making systems compatible may be eliminated by cooperative planning. However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generate information that comes to your organization from the outside.The medium for information may be selected to satisfy a need that exists when information i

18、s created and communicated. For example, a paper record may be created because of its portability and because no special equipment is necessary for later references to that information; electronic transmission may be selected because it is the fastest means of communicating information. A firm may u

19、se electronic mail because a network already exists for on-line computer communication. The additional application may cost less than postage to mail paper memo.1.Which of the following can best sum up the passage?2.The first paragraph aims at telling the reader（）3.According to the author, （）4.For e

20、ffective management of information resources, the manager should （）5.The main idea of the last paragraph is （）问题1选项A.Media Selection in Managing Information Resources.B.The Importance and Necessity of Media Conversion.C.Three Categories of Information Media.D.Various Means of Communicating Informati

21、on.问题2选项A.the importance of information resources managementB.the relationship between the medium and informationC.the great variety of media for holding informationD.the numerous resources of information问题3选项A.paper is the best storage deviceB.people have three choices in selecting information medi

22、umC.it is better to let the person responsible for information-resource management determine the mediumD.the manager should build an effective system by selecting a good combination of different media问题4选项A.convert all paper documents to electronic mediaB.make media conversion when necessaryC.contro

23、l the media used to generate information both inside and outside his organizationD.use one format in processing information问题5选项A.paper record is the most convenient medium for later referenceB.electronic mail costs less than postage to mail paper memosC.different media for information maybe selecte

24、d for different purposesD.by using different media，a firm can create various information for its objectives【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文主要是讲信息资源管理中的媒介选择。选项A正确，其余选项都是片面的观点。2.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知：媒介是一种承载信息的载体、工具或容器；信息本身就是有价值的东西。所以本段主要是讲媒体与信息之间的关系。选项B正确。3.细节事实题。根据第二段的第二句“ The media choice . t

25、hat build effective systems.”媒体的选择不能被视为这三种选择之一；它必须被视为一个机会，从众多的媒体选择的可能性组合，以建立有效的系统。选项D符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第三段的第一句“For effective management of information resources, media conversion may be necessary.”为了有效地管理信息资源，可能需要进行媒体转换。选项B符合原文。5.主旨大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“The medium for information may be selected to satisfy a

26、need that exists when information is created and communicated.”信息媒体可能被选择，以满足在创建和传播信息时存在的需要。也就是说不同信息媒体的选择是出于不同的目的。选项C符合原文。17. 单选题The waves（）violently against the shore, the people there couldnt hear them crying for help.问题1选项A.have beatenB.beatC.were beatingD.beating【答案】D【解析】考査非谓语动词。beat的逻辑主语是the wav

27、es，两者为主动关系，所以本题选D。18. 单选题My uncle is very（）; he still thinks that a womans place is in the home.问题1选项A.desirableB.conservativeC.malleableD.demanding【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。desirable令人满意的；conservative保守的；malleable可塑的；demanding苛求的。句意：我的叔叔非常，他仍然认为女人就应该待在家里。根据下文可以推断，叔叔应该是非常保守的人，所以选项B符合句意。19. 单选题According to a g

28、rowing number of experts, it is already technically（） to construct a pioneering space colony, powered by solar energy.问题1选项A.practicalB.flexibleC.feasibleD.beneficial【答案】C【解析】practical现实的, 实际的；flexible灵活的；feasible可行的；beneficial有好处的。句意：据越来越多的专家表示, 建立首个使用太阳能的太空殖民地在技术方面是可行的。选项C符合句意。20. 单选题The ancient C

29、hinese thought comets were celestial brooms wielded by the gods to sweep the heavens free of evil. In the West they were believed to presage the fall of Jerusalem, the death of monarchs and such anomalies as two-headed calves. The Norman Conquest of England was attributed to the 1006 flyby of Halley

30、s, historys most famous comet, which has been linked to everything from Julius Caesars assassination to the defeat of Attila the Hun. Told that Earth would pass through Halleys tail during its 1910 visit, many Americans panicked and bought gas masks and “comet pills.”Alan Hale calls these waves of f

31、ear and mysticism “comet madness,” and as codiscoverer of Comet Hale-Bopp, hes seen more than his share. Ever since his find was announced, he has been inundated with inquiries, pronouncements and accusations from the cometary fringe.Hale has found that the arrival of a major cometespecially so near

32、 the end of a millenniumis still widely regarded as an omen of upheaval and disaster Several Christian Fundamentalists, he writes in the current issue of Skeptical Inquirer, have proclaimed Hale-Bopp to be one of the “signs of the end times” foretold in the New Testament. They also suggest that the

33、comet might be the object described in Revelation 8:10 as a great star named Wormwood that “fell from heaven, blazing like a torch.” Wormwood, according to the Bible, destroys a third of almost everything: people, land, rivers and seas. Others claim that the comet is some kind of alien mother ship “

34、under intelligent control.”Speculation reached a fever pitch last November when Chuck Shramek, an amateur astronomer based in Houston, Texas, announced on a U.S. radio talk show that he had photographed a “Satum-like object” that seemed to be following in Hale-Bopps wake. Shrameks breathless claim e

35、levated Hale-Bopp fantasies from supermarket tabloids to the mainstream press and generated thousands of posts to message boards and astronomy home pages on the Internet. One fast-spreading rumor had it that the object was an alien spacecraft four times the size of Earth.Hale was barraged with repor

36、ters queries, and in an effort to calm the reporters, he investigated Shrameks photograph and determined that the “object” in it was an ordinary eighth-magnitude star. After posting his conclusions on the Net, Hale became the target of a flood of hate E-mail, much of it accusing him of being part of

37、 a conspiracy to suppress the true nature of Hale-Bopp.Hale acknowledges that it was only natural for our ancestors to be apprehensive about the fiery apparitions in the night sky. But he is impatient with his modem counterparts, who should know better. “I ask readers to treat all these irresponsibl

38、e reports with the disdain they deserve,” he says, “and instead enjoy the beauty of the comet for its own sake,”1.The best title for this passage would be（）2.Alan Hales attitude towards his contemporary astronomerss reports about newly discovered comets is （）3.Which of the following is FALSE accordi

39、ng to the passage?4.Judging by the context, the word “inundated” in Paragraph Two most probably means（）5.We can conclude from the passage that（）问题1选项A.Comets, Omens of DisastersB.The Discovery of Comet Hale-BoppC.Alan Hale, A Great AstronomerD.Crazy about Comets问题2选项A.contemptuousB.unconcernedC.libe

40、ralD.positive问题3选项A.There area variety of explanations of Comet-Bopp.B.In the West, comets are regarded as omens of upheavals and disasters.C.Alan Hale has discovered many other comets except comet Hale-Bopp.D.Many people were not satisfied by Alan Hales interpretation of Chuck Shrameks find.问题4选项A.

41、relishedB.overwhelmedC.chargedD.deprived问题5选项A.Chuck Shrameks claim caused a great public concern and interestB.Alan Hale is not fond of E-mailC.Few astronomers are superstitiousD.Most Americans are not impressionable【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文首段提到西方人们对彗星的恐惧，接下来主要讲了天文学家Hale对彗星的研究以及受到

42、人们的指控。所以选项C更符合本文主题。2.观点态度题。根据最后一段的第二句“But he is impatient with his modem counterparts, who should know better.”但他对当代的天文学家们没有耐心，他认为他们应该知道得更多。由此推断，Hale的是轻蔑的。选项A正确。unconcerned不关心的；liberal慷慨的；positive积极的。3.细节事实题。文中只提到Hale发现了波普彗星，但没有说发现了许多其他的彗星，所以选项C表述错误。4.词义题。根据原文：自从他宣布了自己的发现，他就被各种调查、声明和指控淹没了。选项B符合原文。relished品味；charged被指控； deprived被剥夺。5.细节事实题。根据第四段的倒数第二句“Shrameks breathless claim elevated. on the Internet.”Shramek令人窒息的声明将Comet-Bopp的幻想从超市小报提升到了主流媒体，并在互联网上的留言板和天文学主页上发布了数千条帖子。选项A符合原文。