2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第29期

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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Be sure not to mention this when you（ ）about this problem.问题1选项A.were talkingB.will talkC.have been talkingD.are talking【答案】D【解析】考查时间状语从句，当从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，主语是一般现在时，when引导时间状语从句用现在进行时，所以本题D是正确答案。2. 单选题All the memories of his childhood had（ ）from h

2、is mind by the time he was 65.问题1选项A.fadedB.illustratedC.confinedD.concerned【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项fade“褪色，凋谢，逐渐消失”；B选项illustrate“阐明，举例说明”；C选项confine“限制，禁闭”；D选项concern“关系到，涉及”。句意：在他65岁时，童年的所有记忆都从他的脑海中消失了。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。3. 单选题It is imperative that the government（ ）more investment into the shipbuildin

3、g industry.问题1选项A.attractsB.shall attractC.attractD.has to attract【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。在it is+表示要求，建议，必要，命令意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中。句子使用虚拟语气。其结构是“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，imperative表示“必要的，不可避免的”。句意：吸引更多的投资到造船业是势在必行的。因此,本题的正确答案是C选项。4. 单选题The tone of the article（ ）the writers mood at the time.问题1选项A.reproducedB.r

4、eflectedC.imaginedD.imitated【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reproduce“复制，繁殖”；B选项reflect“反射，反应”；C选项imagine“想象，猜想”；D选项imitate“模仿，仿制”。句意：这篇文章的语气反映了作者当时的心情。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。5. 单选题Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the（ ）for herself.问题1选项A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award【答案】A【解析

5、】考查名词辨析。A选项credit“赞扬，赞许”，all the credit意为“所有的功劳”；B选项attention“注意力”；C选项focus“焦点，重点”；D选项award“奖品，奖励”。句意：莎莉为这项工程做出了很大的贡献，但她从没有将所有的功劳据为己有。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。6. 单选题With cloud, mobility, big data and consumerization, companies are in even greater need of technology talent than they were in the late 1990s,

6、 and that talent is in even shorter supply. Computer science enrollments are at an all-time low; baby-boomer workers are retiring and taking all of that legacy systems knowledge with them; and Silicon Valley is hot again. Would that young, brilliant developer rather join the next Zynga or upgrade th

7、e payroll systems at your insurance company?Two weeks ago, I asked the IT executive readership of my weekly newsletter, The Heller Report, to answer the question: If you had a magic wand, which one talent problem would you solve? Responses poured in and addressed challenges around recruiting, develo

8、ping leaders, and retaining the talent that they currently have. But more than 70 percent of readers would use their magic wand to do only one thing: give business skills to their technologists. Their people, they worry, are so narrowly focused on the technology that they fail to see the forest for

9、the trees. They do not understand the business context of their technology work, nor can they have meaningful discussions with the leaders of the business areas about their technology support.This lack of business-savvy technology talent is a serious problem for every company that relies on technolo

10、gy to exist (which is, of course, every company). Those beautifully “blended executives,” who can talk technology in one meeting and can talk business in another, are rare birds. Yet with technology moving directly into the revenue stream of your company, you need them, and your need is only going t

11、o increase.One option is to spend all of your time and money on recruiting blended executives from the outside. You will be in heated competition with every other company in your market, and if your recruiting function is not a competitive weapon for you, you will find yourself in a losing battle. Y

12、ou would be much better off growing your own. Here are some ideas:Build a rotational program. Encourage your head of human resources to work with your CIO and a few of your other business leaders to build a program that rotates IT people into different functions of the business. This kind of program

13、 is not easy, with your CIO having to survive without a trusted IT leader for a period of time, but the long-term result of a good rotational program can be tremendous. It may well be worth the investment.Involve your business leaders. If a rotational program is too much to take on right now, build

14、a leadership development program for IT that involves your business executives. Encourage your CIO to invite the heads of your major business units to meet regularly with the senior IT team to educate them on their business area. And be sure that you, CFO, are spending enough time with IT. Use that

15、interaction to chip away at the long-standing wall that often exists between the business and IT.1. Companies are in greater need of technology talent NOT because of（ ）.2. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that（ ）.3. The phrase “recruiting function” underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to（ ）.4. If a compa

16、ny doesnt have enough time and money to hire executives it needs, it should（ ）.5. A rotational program DOESNT involve（ ）.问题1选项A.the accumulation of more dataB.the need to serve consumersC.the rising demand for cloud computationD.the development of medical industry问题2选项A.profound discussion is requir

17、edB.IT employees should be business-savvyC.technology support is expectedD.there are challenges in recruiting developers问题3选项A.recruitment of a particular firmB.the functionality of recruitmentC.competitive recruitment strategyD.employment of IT workers for a certain employer问题4选项A.achieve long-term

18、 resultsB.devise a training programC.participate in heated competitionD.call on all business leaders问题5选项A.blended IT executivesB.CIOC.CEOD.all business leaders【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：公司特别需要技术人才不是因为_。通过题干定位到文章第一段的第一句话With cloud, mobility, big data and consumerization, companies a

19、re in even greater need of technology talent than they were in the late 1990s.（随着云计算、移动性、大数据和消费化，企业比上世纪90年代末更需要技术人才。），A选项“更多数据的累积”，对应“大数据”，B选项“服务消费者的需要”，对应“消费化”，C选项“云计算需求的增加”，对应“云计算”，只有D选项“医药产业的发展”，在文中并没有提及，所以本题应该选D选项。2.主旨大意题。题干：第二段的中心思想是_。根据第二段的主要内容“如果你有根魔杖，你会解决哪一个人才问题？70%的读者的选择是把商业技能传授给他们的技术人员”，所以

20、B选项“IT员工应该具有商业头脑”符合题意。文中最后一句提到They do not understand the business context of their technology work, nor can they have meaningful discussions with the leaders of the business areas about their technology support.（他们不了解其技术工作的业务环境，也不能与业务领域的领导者就其技术支持进行有意义的讨论。），由此可知，和业务领域的领导者进行深入的讨论是包括在商业技能里面的，所以A选项“需要深入

21、的讨论”不正确，C选项“期待技术支持”和D选项“在招聘开发者方面存在一些挑战”都是想要解决的问题之一，但不是中心思想。综上所述，该题正确答案为B选项。3.语义推测题。题干：文中第四段的划线部分“recruiting function”指的是_。第四段中提到if your recruiting function is not a competitive weapon for you, you will find yourself in a losing battle. You would be much better off growing your own. Here are some ide

22、as：（如果你的recruiting function对你来说不是一件有竞争力的武器，你会发现自己处于一场失败的战斗中。你最好发展自身，以下是一些建议：），紧接着第五，第六段提出一些建议。所以recruiting function在这里指的是“有竞争力的招聘策略”，C选项符合题意。A选项“特定公司的招聘”，B选项“招聘的功能”，D选项“为某个雇主雇佣IT工人”，均不是对recruiting function正确的解释。综上所述，该题正确答案为C选项。4.细节推理题。题干：如果一家公司没有足够的时间和资金来聘请它所需要的高管，那么它应该_。文章第五段和第六段提到的两个建议，第一个是Build a

23、 rotational program（建立一个轮换计划），第二个是Involve your business leaders（让你的商业领袖参与进来），由此可知，D选项“号召所有的商业领袖”符合题意。A选项“取得长期结果”，在文中并未提及，排除A选项，B选项“制定培训计划”，文中第六段提到的轮换计划指的是将IT人员轮换到业务的不同职能的程序，和B选项表达的内容不相符，排除B选项，C选项“参加激烈的比赛”，在文中并未提及，排除C选项。所以本题应该选择D选项。5.事实细节题。题干：轮换制度不包括_。由关键词“rotational program”定位到文章第五段Encourage your he

24、ad of human resources to work with your CIO and a few of your other business leaders to build a program that rotates IT people into different functions of the business.（鼓励您的人力资源主管与您的CIO和其他一些业务领导合作，建立一个将IT人员轮换到业务的不同职能的程序。），由此可知，D选项“所有商业领袖”，不正确，所以本题选择D选项，A选项“混合IT高管”，B选项“CIO”均在第五段中提到，C选项“CEO”在第六段中提到“bu

25、siness executives”，综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。7. 单选题（ ）is one of the most useful and fascinating divisions of human knowledge is widely accepted.问题1选项A.That mathematicsB.What mathematicsC.Where mathematicsD.Mathematics【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。_ is one of the most useful and fascinating divisions of human knowledge 充当主

26、句的主语，选项中的mathematics是主语从句的主语。所以前面的主语从句完整不缺成分，只有that引导主语从句，在主语从句中不做成分，且不能省略。句意：数学是人类知识中最有用、最迷人的部分之一，这一点已被广泛接受。所以本题的正确答案是A选项。8. 单选题The glassware in the box is（ ）; it has got to be handled with care.问题1选项A.crunchyB.fragileC.brittleD.crisp【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项crunchy“易碎的，发出嘎吱嘎吱声的”，通常有响声的时候用，例如：The leaves

27、 crunched under my feet.（树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。）B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的，例如：Be careful with that vaseit is very fragile.（拿那只花瓶要小心它很容易碎。），Hes feeling a bit fragile after last nights party.（他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。）C选项brittle“易碎的，脆弱的，易生气的”，指没有弹性或伸缩性的脆性材料，暗示受压或被扭曲时易碎，例如：As you get older your

28、 bones become increasingly brittle.（随着年龄增长，人的骨头变得越来越脆。）D选项crisp“脆的，新鲜的，易碎的”，指食物炸的很酥脆，例如：Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.（把油酥糕点烤至金黄酥脆。）句意：箱子里的玻璃器皿易碎，需要轻拿轻放。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。9. 翻译题Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.An American study played

29、 people recordings of actors delivering speeches about climate change. The version that people responded to the best talked about “air pollution” rather than “climate change” because pollution is something visible that they could relate to, with strong connotations of dirtiness and poor health. Clim

30、ate change is about much more than just dirty air, but finding ways of making climate change more visible is critical. People simply dont worry about things they cant see (or even imagine). One approach that has been used to increase the amount that people use public transport breaks down habits int

31、o simple “ifthen” plans. To change a habitual behavior, a person has to identify a goal (drive less, for example), a behavior they want to perform in pursuit of that goal (get the bus to work on Fridays) and a situation that will trigger the behavior (having enough time to catch the bus).【答案】一个美国研究向

32、人们播放演员在做天气转变演讲的录音。人们反应最好的版本谈论的是“空气污染”而不是“气候变化”因为污染是和他们有关的，可以看见的脏乱和对健康的不良影响。气候变化不仅仅是空气污染的问题，但找到让气候变化更加有形的方法是至关重要的。人们只是不担心他们看不见（甚至想象不到）的事情。一种增加人们使用公共交通工具数量的方法是把习惯分解成简单的“如果那么”计划。为了改变一种习惯性行为，一个人必须确定一个目标（比如少开车），一种他们为了追求这个目标想要做的行为（周五坐公共汽车去上班），以及一种能够触发这种行为的情况（有足够的时间去赶公共汽车）。10. 单选题This sort of rude behavior

33、 in public hardly（ ）a person in your position.问题1选项A.becomesB.fitsC.supportsD.improves【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项become有“与相称，适合(某人)”的含义，例句：This dress doesnt become the color of your skin.（这件裙子不衬你的肤色）；B选项fit虽然也有这个意思，但它主要是指尺寸、式样以及数量是否适合，例句：I cant find clothes to fit me.（我找不到合身的衣服。）；C选项support“支持，维护”；D选项improv

34、e意为“提高，改善”。句意：在公共场合，这种粗鲁的行为与你的地位是不相符的。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。11. 单选题That was not the first time he（ ）us. I think its high time we（ ）strong actions against him.问题1选项A.betrayedtakeB.had betrayedtookC.has betrayedtookD.has betrayedtake【答案】B【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。当句子里有序数词first/second/third.、副词only或最高级best/worst/most

35、的时候，后面的定语从句要用完成时态。例如：It is one of the most interesting books Ive ever read(这是我看过的最有趣的书之一。)，因为that was not句子是过去时，这里应该用过去完成时：had betrayed。Its (high) time（是做的时候了），后面的句子要用谓语要用过去时或者should+动词原形，表示虚拟语气，所以这里要用took。句意：这已经不是他第一次背叛我们了，是我们采取强有力的行动对抗他的时候了。所以本题的正确答案是B选项。12. 单选题Jim had to（ ）all his skill（ ）to defe

36、at his tennis opponent.问题1选项A.call into playB.call . to mindC.call to attentionD.call . into action【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项，没有call sth. into play的搭配，B选项call sth to mind“想起，记起”；C选项，没有call sth. to attention的搭配，call attention to sth.“提醒，唤起注意”D选项call sth. into action“将某事付诸行动”。句意：吉姆不得不使出浑身解数来击败他的网球对手。由选项意思和句意

37、可知，D选项符合句意。13. 单选题It was really（ ）of you to remember my birthday.问题1选项A.gratefulB.considerateC.considerableD.generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项grateful“感谢的，令人愉快的”；B选项considerate“体贴的，考虑周到的”，例句：Ive always understood one should try and be considerate of other people.（我一直认为一个人应该尽量为他人着想。）；C选项considerable“相当大的，

38、重要的，值得考虑的”，例句：He brought to the job not just considerable experience but passionate enthusiasm.（他不仅给这一工作带来了不少经验，而且倾注了极大的热情。）；D选项generous“慷慨的，大方的”。句意：你还记得我的生日，真是太体贴了。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。14. 单选题Nancys gone to work but her car is still there. She（ ）by bus.问题1选项A.must have goneB.should have goneC.ought t

39、o have goneD.could have gone【答案】A【解析】虚拟语气。根据句子的前半部分可知，南希去工作了，但她的车还停在那里，后面应该是肯定的推测，南希一定是坐公交去上班了。A选项must have gone“一定是”，表示对过去肯定的推测；B选项should have gone和C选项ought to have gone都表示“本来应该去而未去”；D选项could have gone表示“本来能够去而没去”。句意：南希去工作了，但她的车还停在那里，她一定是坐公交去上班的。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。15. 单选题Laboratory tests gave conclus

40、ive（ ）that the meat presents no risk to human health.问题1选项A.possibilityB.newsC.proofD.fact【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项possibility“可能性，可能的事”；B选项news“新闻，信息”；C选项proof“证明，证据”；D选项fact“事实，实际”，句意：实验室测试提供了确凿的证据，证明这种肉类对人体健康没有危险。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。16. 单选题Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the

41、others,（ ）of course, made the others jealous.问题1选项A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构：从句与主句之间有逗号隔开，独立存在，去掉了也不会影响整个句子的意思，所以这里用的是非限定定语从句。句意：海伦对她最小的孩子比别的孩子好，当然这使得其他孩子很嫉妒。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代海伦对她最小的孩子比别的孩子好这个事情，所以本题的正确选项是B选项。17. 单选题Until then, his family（ ）from him for six years.问题1选项A.di

42、dnt hearB.hasnt been hearingC.hadnt heardD.hasnt heard【答案】C【解析】考查时态。题干中有关键的时间状语until then以及for six months提示谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时，表示过去已经发生的事情。句意：直到那时，他家里已经六个月没收到他的来信了。A选项 didn hear,一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态,不能与时间状语for six months，A选项排除，连用.B)hasn t been hearing,现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作,与题意不

43、符。C选项hasn t heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。18. 单选题The changes in this city have occurred（ ）.问题1选项A.with swiftnessB.fastlyC.rapidlyD.in rapid ways【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。swift、fast和rapid都是快的意思。swift，含有平稳、马上、优美的意思；fast作副词时，可指物体或人的速度快，主要用来修饰人

44、或物体的动作，fast本身就有副词的作用。英语中，几乎不见fastly这个词，所以B选项排除；rapid是正式用语，多指运动本身，强调运动的高速度，所指的速度有时有“对人有益”的含义，常常可与fast互换使用，但语气比fast强。例如：He made such rapid progress that his parents were very glad.（他取得了如此快的进步，以至于他的父母都很高兴。），副词形式是rapidly，修饰动词occur应该用副词，所以C选项符合题意。句意：这个城市的变化发生得很快。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。19. 单选题Relying on his（ ）,

45、 the doctor cured the seemingly incurable patient.问题1选项A.approachB.faithC.expertiseD.confidence【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项approach“方法，方式”；B选项faith“信仰，信念”；C选项expertise“专业知识，专门技术”；D选项confidence“自信，信任”，句意：医生依靠他的专业知识治好了这个看似无法治愈的病人。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。20. 单选题Rumours are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into（ ）ones.问题1选项A.turbulentB.tragicC.vulnerableD.suspicious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项turbulent“动荡的”；B选项tragic“悲剧的，悲痛的”；C选项vulnerable“易受攻击的”；D选项suspicious“可疑的，怀疑的”。句意：谣言无处不在，它散布恐怖情绪，损害声誉，把稳定的局面搅得混乱不堪。所选形容词应与句中calm相对应，所以本题A选项符合句意。