2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库及模拟押密卷31（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.You cannot find or will you ever find gold on the surface. It has to be discovered and has to be found deep inside the Earths ground. 1.And it

2、 takes years to find the gold and this is why it is so valuable. Not everyone has it.Character is the same. You will not find character on the surface. You can only find character deep inside your soul. 2.And your character is only discovered when there is chaos. Your character is never tested when

3、things are going your way.3.You have to dig deep inside of you to find the character and when you do that you will discover the true gold.You consistently remember on how you treat others. Are you kind or unkind? Do you have manners? Are you respectful? These are questions we ask each other.4.This i

4、s why your character is your gold mine. You must guard your character just like you would guard your gold. Do not let anyone take it or destroy it.5.People will test you in life and events in life will shake you. However, when this happens please look deep inside and find your character because your

5、 character will help you succeed any event.Your character is your gold.【答案】1.这个过程很费时间，所以黄金才那么珍贵，不是每个人都能够拥有。2.只有混乱发生的时候你才会发现它，只有在事情不顺心的时候你的品质才会得到考验3.向自我的深处挖掘，寻找你的品质，这样你就会发现真正的黄金。4.这就是为什么说你的品质是你的金矿。你一定要守护你的品质，就像你会守护自己的黄金一样。5.在生活中，有的人会考验你，有的事情会使你动摇。2. 单选题He always has a lot of（ ） ideas in his mind, and

6、 sometimes we do not even know what he is thinking about.问题1选项A.novelB.spoilC.acceptableD.additional【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。novel“新奇的，异常的”；spoil“掠夺”；acceptable“可接受的”；additional“另外的”。句意：他经常有许多新奇的想法，有时候我们甚至不知道他在想什么。A项符合题意。3. 单选题She opened the packet and emptied the（ ）into a saucepan.问题1选项A.fullnessB.containe

7、rC.refillsD.contents【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fullness“充满，丰富”；B选项container“容器”；C选项refills“再装满”；D选项contents“内容”。根据句意“她打开袋子，把里面的东西倒进了锅里。”只有选项D最符合语境。4. 单选题Hes watching TV? Hes（ ） to be cleaning his room.问题1选项A.knownB.supposedC.regardedD.considered【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事，被期望做某事”；句意：他在看电视吗？他

8、本应该在打扫房间的。B项符合题意。5. 单选题In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be up to one-fifth the total （ ） for living expenses.问题1选项A.acceptableB.availableC.advisableD.applicable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。acceptable“可接受的”；available“可获得的，可得到的”；advisable“明智的，可取的”；applicable“可适用的，可应用的”。句意：大体上，学生的房租支

9、出最多只能占可多得的生活总费用的五分之一。B项符合题意。6. 单选题I hate people who（ ） the end of a film that you havent seen before.问题1选项A.revealB.rewriteC.reviseD.reverse【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，显露”；rewrite“重写，改写”；revise“修订，复习”；reverse“颠倒，撤销，反转”。句意：我讨厌别人泄露我还没看过的电影的结局。A项符合题意。7. 单选题All students（ ）a loud laugh when Professor He

10、nry Ford told them the joke.问题1选项A.let offB.let downC.let outD.let up【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项let off“宽恕，准许”；B选项let down“使失望”；C选项let out“发出，泄露”；D选项let up“停止，放松”。根据句意“当Henry Ford教授讲这个笑话时，所有学生都大笑起来。”这里是指发出笑声，所以选项C符合句意。8. 单选题The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cu

11、ltural（ ）.问题1选项A.traditionB.transportationC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。tradition“传统，惯例”；transportation“运输，运输系统”；transmission“传动装置”；transformation“转化，转换，改革”。句意：20世纪见证了世界范围内政治、经济和文化的变革。D项符合题意。9. 单选题As a result of the strike, the Government is urging people to be（ ）with electricity.问题1

12、选项A.economicB.economicalC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economic“经济上的”；B选项economical“经济的，节俭的”；C选项economy“经济，节约”；D选项economics“经济学”。根据句意“由于罢工，政府正在敦促人们节约用电。”be economical with意为“节约使用某物”。选项B正确。10. 单选题It was（ ） that the restaurant discriminated against black customers.问题1选项A.addictedB.allegedC.as

13、saultedD.ascribed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。addict“上瘾的”；allege“宣称，断言”；assault“攻击，袭击”；ascribe“归因于，归咎于”。句意：据称，这家饭店歧视黑人顾客。B项符合题意。11. 单选题An important factor in determining how well you perform in an examination is the（ ）of our mind.问题1选项A.stateB.caseC.situationD.circumstance【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。state“情形”；case“情况”；situa

14、tion“形势”；circumstance“环境，状况”。句意：决定考试好坏的一个重要因素是我们的精神状态。故A项符合题意。12. 单选题The girl was（ ） Julia after her grandmother.问题1选项A.appointedB.namedC.nominatedD.elected【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。be named after 以的名字命名，和的名字一样。句意：这个女孩以她祖母的名字命名为茱莉亚。选项B正确。13. 单选题Among the more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were

15、H.A. W. Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead

16、in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading

17、citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadvilles fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was h

18、is custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”，while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. He did this for a number of years but no one that he aided ever found anything of value

19、.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time wont make any

20、 difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vei

21、n of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117000.

22、This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT（ ）.2.The word “grubstake” in pa

23、ragraph 2 means（ ）.3.Tabor made his first fortune（ ）.4.The underlying reason for Tabors life career is（ ）.5.If this passage is the first part of an article, who might be introduced in the following part?问题1选项A.because Tabor became its leading citizenB.because great deposits of lead is expected to be

24、 found thereC.because it could bring good fortune to TaborD.because it was renamed问题2选项A.to supply miners with food and suppliesB.to open a general storeC.to do ones contribution to the development of the mineD.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was

25、 discovered问题3选项A.by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB.because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC.by buying the shares of the otherD.as a land speculator问题4选项A.purely accidentalB.based on the analysis of miners being very

26、poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC.through the help from his second wifeD.he planned well and accomplished targets step by step问题5选项A.Tabors life.B.Tabors second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.C.Other colorful characters.D.Tabors other careers.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析

27、】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said. 不管怎么说，几年后，他搬到了西部一个名为加利福尼亚峡谷的科罗拉多小采矿营地，当他成为那里的主

28、要公民后，他把这个营地重新命名为莱德维尔。“这里肯定能找到大量的铅矿藏。”他说。”可知有三个原因分别对应ABD项，C项“因为Leadville可以给Tabor带来财富”不正确，因为后来发现的是银矿，并且给他带来财富。2.推理判断题。由第二段“It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get

29、a share in the mine if one was discovered. 他的习惯是“喂饱”潜在的矿工，换句话说，就是给他们提供食物和给养. 如果发现了矿石，他可以得到一份矿石作为回报。”可知to supply是对该词的解释，故D项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段“The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain

30、side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine，” made $1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment. 这两名矿工获得了价值17美元的补给品，作为回报，他们将他们发现的三分之一的股

31、份给了塔博尔。他们在山坡上拣了一块贫瘠的地方开始挖。九天之后，他们发现了一个丰富的银矿矿脉。Tabor买下了另外两个人的股份，所以这个矿就归他一个人了。这个矿，被称为“匹兹堡矿”，为塔伯赚了130万美元，回报是他17美元的投资。”可知Tabor的第一份财富来自于他给别人提供食物，然后别人给了三分之一的股份给他。故A项正确。4.推理判断题。Tabor的财富来源具有一定的偶然性，但也是基于他开创的grubstake模式，分析选项可知只有B项正确。5.推理判断题。全文花了大量笔墨写了男主人公Tabor的故事，其中提到了她的第二任妻子，所以如果文章继续写下去，接下来会讲述他妻子的故事。故B项正确。第2

32、题:第3题:第4题:第5题:14. 单选题Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly a

33、djusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.Sufficient buoyancy(浮力)to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after

34、 long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire. The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wear

35、er in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused

36、 conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects

37、 the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to

38、swim.1.The passage is mainly about（ ）.2.According to the passage, a life must be first of all（ ）.3.United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made（ ）.4.By “the uninitiated individual” ( Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person（ ）.5.What would happen if a person were

39、 supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?问题1选项A.the uses of life preserversB.the design of life preserversC.the materials for life preserversD.the buoyancy of life preservers问题2选项A.adjustableB.comfortableC.self-evidentD.self-righting问题3选项A.with as few strings as possibleB.capable of bein

40、g worn on both sidesC.according to each wearers sizeD.comfortable and light to wear问题4选项A.who has not been instructed how to use a life preserverB.who has a little experience in using a life preserverC.who uses a life preserver without permissionD.who becomes nervous before a disaster问题5选项A.The wave

41、s would move him backwardsB.The water would hit his eyesC.He would immediately sink to the bottomD.He would be exhausted or unconscious【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.主旨大意题。由第一段“According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted

42、to fit the uninitiated individual and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position. 根据美国的要求，救生衣的设计必须是可逆的，能够迅速调整以适应不熟悉的个人，而且必须设计得能够在水中支撑穿戴者直立或稍微向后的位置。可知本文主要讲的是有关救生衣的设计。故B项正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“The position in which the life preserver will support a p

43、erson who jumps or falls into the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.救生衣支撑落水的人的位置是最重要的，即使在穿戴者筋疲力尽或失去意

44、识的情况下，它也会使穿戴者在水中从脸朝下的位置转向直立或稍微向后的位置，使他的脸不沾水。”可知救生衣最重要的特征是能够自动扶正的。故D项正确。3.细节事实题。由最后第一段“Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes

45、and sizes of wearers. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger,因此救生衣应该可以两面都穿的，这样的话几乎不可能穿反。带子应尽可能少。另外救生衣一定要根据不同穿戴者的体型来调节。合适的救生衣应该总是穿起来舒适，无论在水里还是在水的外面，并且不能太重以至于船遇到危险时会想要把它脱下来。

46、”可知ABD三项在文中都有提及，故C项不对。答案选C。4.词义题。由第一段“According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, 根据美国的要求，救生衣必须设计出双面可穿的、不熟悉穿戴的人能够迅速适应的。由该句可推断该词的意思为没穿戴过救生衣的，没受过训练的人。故A项正确。5.推理判断题。由第二段“The position in which the l

47、ife preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is the most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious. 救

48、生衣支撑落水的人的位置是最重要的，即使在穿戴者筋疲力尽或失去意识的情况下，它也会使穿戴者在水中从脸朝下的位置转向直立或稍微向后的位置，使他的脸不沾水。”题干中的in a wrong position与文中的 face-down position相对应，故D项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:15. 单选题The worker invented a(n)（ ） for catching flies.问题1选项A.equipmentB.toolC.deviceD.apparatus【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项equipment“设备，器材”，多指重型设备，如体育器材；B选项tool“

49、工具”，一般指手工工具；C选项device“装置”，多指为某一特殊用途而设计的精巧仪器；D选项apparatus“仪器”，一般指由多种零件组成的复杂仪器。句意：工人发明了一种工具来捕捉苍蝇。捕捉苍蝇不需要精密的或重型的设备，所以只有选项B正确。16. 写作题Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic “Uncivilized Behaviors in Public” You should write at least 160 words and you should base y

50、our composition on the outline (in Chinese)below:1.在公共场合有哪些不文明行为2.造成这些不文明行为的原因3.怎样改进这些不文明行为【答案】略17. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1.Chinese dealers，collectors and art lovers have been out in force at Christie

51、s, which is auctioning the art collection of Robert Hatfield Ellsworth in five days of sales that begin on Tuesday, with a week of online sales to follow. Ellsworth，a revered connoisseur who died last year, amassed one of the finest private collections of Asian art in the West, and the presale estim

52、ates total $35 million. Jin Zhao, who collects Tang and Song dynasty porcelain in a small way, flew in from Tianjin, China, hoping to pick up one or two pieces. “Its worth it,” he said “This is a very great collection.”The Ellsworth sale puts a giant exclamation point on Asia Week, an annual event t

53、hat makes New York the prime destination for dealers, museum curators, scholars and collectors from around the world, a varied group that included sharp-eyed young collectors in down jackets and jeans, middle-aged dealers hunting their quarry in small packs, tweedy connoisseurs and Chinese women dre

54、ssed up to Ming vase standards.2. “It is the largest group of Asian art on the face of the earth/ said Jav Xu, director of theAsian Art Museum in San Francisco, who is leading a team of about two dozen curators, board members, collectors and donors to New York for an excited round of looking, meetin

55、g, greeting,publicizing and acquiring. “It is very rich.”Mr. Xu was referring to the weeks events: the exhibits, often museum quality, at the more than 40 dealers who participate in Asia Week; the shows and lectures at institutions like Asia Society and the Japan Society; the two dozen auctions of A

56、sian art at Sothebys, Christies， Bonhams and Doyle; and benefit parties like the one at the Metropolitan Museum of Art to celebrate the centenary of its Asian art department.Less than 10 years ago, the market for Asian art in New York looked quite different. 3.The International Asian Art Fair, held

57、for many years at the Park Avenue Armory, went bust at the end of 2008, a victim of the economic downturn.4.Ms. Mirviss and the Korean art dealer Jiyoung Koo hastily organized an association of 16 dealers, which they called Asian Art Dealers of the Upper East Side, to hold open houses that, collecti

58、vely, would replace the art fair. At the same time, a half-dozen dealers making up the Japanese Art Dealers Association staged their own show, which has become an annual event.From these beginnings, Asia Week quickly developed into its current hybrid form. “We are not an art fair,” said Carol Conove

59、r, the director of Kaikodo Asian Art and the chairwoman of Asia Week. “We are something very different. The intimacy of a gallery is different than being on a floor in a big room.5.Asia Week has prospered in a decade dominated bybad economic news, thanks almost entirely to wealthy Chinese dealers an

60、d collectors, whose free spending and deep pockets have led to the first Asia Week in Paris, scheduled for June, and a new branch of Art Basel in Hong Kong, which started on Sunday and will run for three days. “The dominant force is the Chinese buyer,” Mr. Lally said. “They buy 75 to 80 percent of t

61、he Chinese art at the auction houses.”And they have been showing up in droves. Francesca Galloway, a London dealer in Indian art showing at W. M. Brady Camp Company, on East 80th Street, put it bluntly: “If youre a collector and youre not here, youre not in the game.”【答案】1.从周二开始，佳士得拍卖行将开始拍卖安思远（Rober

62、t Hatfield Ellsworth）的藏品，为期五天，其后还将举办一周的在线销售，中国的经销商、收藏家和艺术爱好者们趋之若鹜。2.“这是地球上最大的亚洲艺术精英人群了，”旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆馆长许杰（Jay Xu）说，他率领二十多名策展人、董事会成员、收藏家与捐赠者来到纽约，进行一系列热闹的参观、会面、寒暄、公关和购买活动。3.国际亚洲艺术博览会多年来一直在公园大道军械库举行，最终于2008年底宣告破产，成了经济低迷的牺牲品。4.默维斯和韩国艺术交易商Jiyoung Koo与16位交易商仓促成立了“上东区亚洲艺术交易商协会”，他们联合举办公开活动，试图取代艺术博览会。5.在这个经济不景气

63、的十年，亚洲周却一直保持着繁荣昌盛，这多亏了富裕的中国交易商与收藏家们，他们出手慷慨，身家阔绰，因此今年六月，巴黎也要举办第一届亚洲周了，此外，香港也开办了巴塞尔艺术展的分展，于周日举行，持续三日。18. 单选题Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality. Modern dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exacting technique, no foundation from which to build. In later years, trial, error, an