2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷28

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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Children always are （ ） about things they do not know.问题1选项A.curiousB.queerC.strangeD.quaint【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Curious “好奇的”；queer “奇怪的”；strange “奇怪的”；quaint “离奇有趣的”。句意：孩子们往往对他们所不知道的事情感到好奇。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题Do you have any （ ）about what living beings on other pl

2、anets would be like?问题1选项A.idealB.comprehensionC.notionD.intelligence【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。ideal “理想”；comprehension “理解力”；notion “观念，意见”；intelligence “智力”。句意：你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么样的吗？选项C符合题意。3. 单选题Last year, these ships transported a total of 80 million tons of cargo, a 4.4 percent increase （ ）to previous ye

3、ar.问题1选项A.byB.overC.withD.to【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：去年，这些船总共运输了八千万吨货物，比去年增长了4.4%。over “在上”，符合题意。4. 单选题Movie directors use music to（ ） the action on the screen.问题1选项A.contaminateB.complimentC.contemplateD.complement【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。contaminate “污染”；compliment “恭维”；contemplate “沉思，注视”； complement “补充”。句意：

4、电影导演用音乐来补充荧幕上的动作。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题He failed to supply the facts relevant （ ）the case in question.问题1选项A.forB.withC.toD.of【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。relevant to “与相关的”，选项C符合题意。句意：他无法提供与设计案件有关的事实。6. 单选题The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons（ ） slowly intothe sky.问题1选项A.floatingB.raising

5、C.heavingD.ascending【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。float “漂浮，浮动”；raise “提升，增加”；heave “举起”；ascend “攀登，上升”。句意：看到数百只彩色的气球缓缓升入天空，孩子们欢呼起来。选项D符合题意。7. 单选题It may be worthwhile at this moment to （ ）and see what progress we have made after one years study in college.问题1选项A.look intoB.look aroundC.look overD.look back【答案】D

6、【解析】考查动词词组辨析。Look into “调查，研究”；look around “环顾”；look over “查看”；look back “回顾”。句意：现在回顾一下我们在大学的一年学习中所取得的进步是值得的。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most（ ） areas in Japanese life.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.supe

7、rficial【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。sophisticated “久经世故的；复杂的”；competitive “有竞争力的”；considerate “体贴的”；superficial “肤浅的”。句意：因为有一个好的大学文凭就能找到一个更好的工作，所以教育是日本生活中最具有竞争力的领域之一。选项B符合题意。9. 单选题It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the thing

8、s to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you dont, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The o

9、nly solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illumination piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of t

10、he 18th century Enlightenment （启蒙运动）to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earli

11、er times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It

12、 is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant, the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning

13、, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that cant be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we cant think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but tha

14、t is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.1.According to the author, really good science（ ） .2.It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century（ ） .3.Which of the follow

15、ing statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?4.What is the authors attitude towards science?5.The author believes that（ ） .问题1选项A.would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB.will produce results which cannot be foreseenC.will help people to make the right choic

16、e in advanceD.will bring about disturbing results问题2选项A.thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD.did more harm than good in promot

17、ing mans understanding of nature问题3选项A.They invented false theories to explain things they didnt understand.B.They falsely claimed to know all about natureC.They did not believe in results from scientific observationD.They paid little attention to the problems they didnt understand.问题4选项A.He is depr

18、essed because of the ignorance of scientistsB.He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.C.He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific finding.问题5选项A.man can find solutions to whatever

19、 questions concerning nature he can think upB.man cannot solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellectC.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answer themD.questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific resea

20、rch【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.文章第一段if it is really good science it is impossible to predict 提到真正好的科学不可能被预测，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章第二段It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment （启蒙运动）to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead提到如果我

21、们中任何一个去告诉18世纪启蒙运动中那些最聪明的人，我们知道的很少并且前途迷茫，他们会对此表示惊讶。由此可知，这些科学家与我们的想法相反的，他们认为他们知道的很多，并且能解决很多问题，所以选项A符合题意。3.文章第二段In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps提到在早期我们要么假装知道事物的工作原理，要么忽视问题，或者简单的编造一些故事来填补空白。选项C符合题意。4.

22、文章最后一段提到我们迟早会解决包括人类意识在内的所有我们能想到的问题，还表示只要我们坚持、专注，就能想到答案。可以看出作者是非常有信心的。选项C符合题意。5.文章最后一段there may well be questions we cant think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers 提

23、到会有一些问题我们想不到，但是在我们的局限范围内，我们应该能够努力得到所有的答案，由此可知我们不能想到所有问题，但是可以解决能想到的问题，选项A符合题意。10. 单选题The magician picked several persons（ ） from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.问题1选项A.by accidentB.on occasionC.on averageD.at random【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。By accident “偶然地”；on occasion “有时”；on aver

24、age “平均地”；at random “随意地，任意地”。句意：魔术师从观众中随便挑了几个人协助他进行表演。选项D符合题意。11. 单选题The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （ ） the names they had been given by the witness.问题1选项A.perplexedB.bewilderedC.confusedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。选项A、B、D的宾语都是人，所以均不符合题意。confuse the names “把名字弄混”。选项C符合题意。12. 单

25、选题Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her （ ）for a whole week.问题1选项A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.occupied【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained “被强迫的”；dominated “占主导地位的”；restricted “受限制的；occupied “使用中的；无空闲的”。句意：她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修，为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。13. 单选题Every human being, no matter what he

26、 is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem of how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat

27、 given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable. Some parts of most modern buildings-theatres and offices as well as classrooms-are more than amply heated by people and lig

28、hts and sometimes must be air-condition even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern building recover heat but the Universitys system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned

29、 a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would

30、be a hard-working, overweight male genius.1.Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it（ ）2.Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?3.At Johnstown campus, how many of the buildings are heated entirely by the heat collection system?4.In line 6, “conve

31、ntional” most nearly means （ ）.5.According to the passage, which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?问题1选项A.was difficult to collectB.came in a variety of formsC.was difficult to get rid ofD.tended to be absorbed by physical objects问题2选项A.The heat is supplied by human bodies only

32、B.The best is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objectsC.The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D.The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel问题3选项A.noneB.twoC.fourD.six问题4选项A.ordinaryB.powerfulC.electricalD.ext

33、ra问题5选项A.A fat female who studies hardB.a fat male who does not studyC.A thin female who does not studyD.A thin male who studies hard【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第二句 The usual problem is how to dispose of it提到关于热量的问题是如何处理它，选项C符合题意。2.文章第一段They have designed a collection system which utiliz

34、es not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well提到热量主要来源于人体热量，和像电灯泡、冰箱这类物体，选项B符合题意。3.文章第一段the system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable 提到学校的六栋建筑物，选项D符合题意。4.题干中conventional的意思是“常见的”；所以选

35、项A符合题意。5.文章最后一句话It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johunstown campus would be a hard-working, overweight male genius 提到根据推测可得知一个超重的、勤奋的男性产生的热量是最多的。因此可以推测一个瘦小的、不勤奋的女性产生的热量是最少的。选项C符合题意。14. 单选题If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something i

36、n theway of （ ）.问题1选项A.persuasionB.remedyC.encouragementD.compromise【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。persuasion “说服”；remedy “补救”；encouragement “鼓励”；compromise “妥协”。句意：当有人谈到自己的弱点时，听者应当对他进行鼓励。选项C符合题意。15. 单选题It is through learning that the individual（ ） many habitual ways of reacting tosituations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gain

37、sC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。retain “保持”；gain “获得”，指通过努力获得自己想要的东西；achieve “收获，获得”，指凭借长期的努力实现自己的目标；acquire “获得”，指通过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。通过分析，选项D符合题意。16. 单选题Beijing is a（ ） city, and still more people are pouring in.问题1选项A.popularB.populateC.populaceD.populous【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。popular “受欢迎的”；pop

38、ulate “居住于”，是动词；populace “大众，平民”；populous “人口多的”。句意：北京是一座人口稠密的城市，仍然还有很多人涌入。选项D符合题意。17. 单选题The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons（ ） slowly into the sky.问题1选项A.floatingB.raisingC.heavingD.ascending【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。float “漂浮，浮动”；raise “提升，增加”；heave “举起”；ascend “攀登，上升”。句意：

39、看到数百只彩色的气球缓缓升入天空，孩子们欢呼起来。选项D符合题意。18. 单选题There is no easy solution to Japans labour （ ）问题1选项A.declineB.rarityC.vacancyD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。decline “下降”；rarity “罕见”；vacancy “空缺，空白”； shortage “短缺”。句意：日本劳动力短缺的问题不容易解决。选项D符合题意。19. 单选题There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly

40、common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”，although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”，although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Co

41、ntact us before writing your application”，or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”，is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is

42、 also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passe

43、d any exams”，was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worke

44、d. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the

45、 rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”，was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applica

46、nts with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.According to the passage, the new type of advertisements（ ） .2.Now a demand for this type of service has been created because（ ） .3.In the past it was expecte

47、d that first job hunters would （ ）.4.When applying for more important jobs, one had better include in the letter（ ） .5.The resume has become so important because （ ）.问题1选项A.informs job hunters of the chances availableB.promises useful advice to job-huntersC.divides available jobs into various typesD

48、.informs employers that people are available for work问题2选项A.there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB.there are so many top-level jobs availableC.there are so many people out of workD.the job history is considered to be a work of art问题3选项A.write an initial letter giving their life histo

49、ryB.pass some exams before applying for a jobC.have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD.keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview问题4选项A.something attractive in ones applicationB.a personal opinion about the organization one wanted to joinC.something that w

50、ould offend its readerD.a lie that one could easily get away with telling问题5选项A.of an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB.of an increase in the number of applicants which degreesC.of much more complicatedness of jobs todayD.it is less complicated than other application processes【答案】第1题:B第2题:C

51、第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.文章第二段第一句contact us before writing your application”，or “make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history提到这个广告的内容是“在写求职信之前联系我们” “我们的经验能够帮你更好地准备你的简历”可知这个广告主要是给那些求职者服务，所以选项B符合题意。2.文章第二段第二句The growth and apparent success of such a specialized servic

52、e is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment提到了这种服务存在的原因是由于现在的高失业率。所以选项C符合题意。3.文章第三段the letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview 提到对于刚毕业出来找第一份工作求职来说求职信只是第一句，信中除了一些基本信息不需要透露太多，剩下的等获得面试资格再说。选项D符合题意。4.第

53、四段前两句later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest提到当你要去找更重要的工作时，求职信中需要写上一些你与其他人相比有何独到之处。选项A符合题意。5.最后一段提到越来越多的大学生求职者使得个人简历显得很重要，所以选项B符合题意。20. 单选题Im sure your suggestion will （ ）the problem.问题1选项A.contribute to solvingB.be contributed to solveC.contribute to solveD.be contributed to solving【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。contribute to 后面要接名词或者动名词，选项A符合题意。