2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第47期

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1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Anyone can make things bigger and more complex, what requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite directionin other words, to make things as simple as possible.【答案】任何人都可以把事情做得更大、更复杂，但真正需要努力和勇气的是朝相反的方向走，换句话说，就是把事情做得尽可能简单。2. 单选题Ten days ago the yo

2、ung man informed his boss of his intention to _.问题1选项A.resignB.rejectC.retreatD.replace【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. resign辞职，辞去（某职务） B. reject拒绝接受；不予考虑C. retreat退却；撤退 D. replace代替，取代【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息informed his boss（通知了他的老板）可推知，空格处表示“辞职”符合句意，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】10天前，这个年轻人告诉他的老板他打算辞职。3. 单选题

3、Home economists recommend _ in large quantities.问题1选项A.to buy basic food itemsB.buying basic items of the foodC.buying basic food itemsD.to buy basic items of the food【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. to buy basic food items购买基本食品 B. buying basic items of the food购买基本食品C. buying basic food items购买基本食品 D. to buy bas

4、ic items of the food购买基本食品【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】food items是常见搭配，表示“食品”，可先排除B、D项；recommend可以和to do搭配，也可以与doing搭配，但是如果后面跟不定式，recommend后面要跟sb.，recommend sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人去做某事”；如果后面跟doing，recommend可以直接跟，recommend doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，所以此处选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项要加sb.才符合搭配，故排除；B、D项不符合固定搭配。【句意】家庭经济学家建议大量购买基本食品。4.

5、 单选题Jims close _ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.问题1选项A.accuracyB.confusionC.probabilityD.resemblance【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. accuracy精确，准确 B. confusion困惑；混乱C. probability可能性；概率 D. resemblance相似，相像【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“吉姆和他哥哥的_使人们误以为他们是彼此”可推知，吉姆兄弟俩让人们认不出来，说明吉姆和他哥哥长得相似，resemblanc

6、e是指与某人或某物相似或看起来相似，与介词to搭配使用，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】吉姆和他哥哥长得很像，这使人们误以为他们是彼此。5. 单选题Universities are being given job _ by companies and individuals and set out to approve their reliability and reputation before accepting service request.问题1选项A.virusesB.victimsC.vacationsD.vacancies【答案】D【解析】【选项释

7、义】A. viruses病毒 B. victims受害者C. vacations假期 D. vacancies（职位的）空缺；（旅馆等的）空房【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息Universities are being given job（工作提供给了大学）可知，空格处表示“职位”，而vacancy可以表示职位的空缺，故该题选择D项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】公司和个人向大学提供职位空缺，在接受服务请求之前，大学会先确认这些职位的可靠性和声誉。6. 单选题They are well _ with each other since they on

8、ce studied in the same university.问题1选项A.acquaintedB.recognizedC.acknowledgedD.identified【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. acquainted熟悉；了解 B. recognized辨别出；意识到C. acknowledged承认（属实） D. identified确认；认出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据since原因状语从句的内容“因为他们曾在同一所大学学习”可推知，They are well _ with each other表示的是“他们互相了解、熟悉对方”，所以空格处表示“熟悉”，

9、而be acquainted with也是常见搭配，表示“与相识；了解”，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项不符合句意；D项指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等，不符合句意。【句意】因为他们曾在同一所大学学习，所以彼此很熟悉。7. 单选题His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _.问题1选项A.circleB.rankC.categoryD.grade【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. circle圆圈 B. rank（尤指较高的）地位，级别C. category（人或事物的）类别，种类

10、 D. grade等级，品级【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词soldier和top可知，此处是指最高军衔的军人，而rank指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔，符合句意，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是指按照地位或优劣划分的等级，是比较宽泛的等级，放在句中不恰当。【句意】他的脾气和个性表明他能成为一名有最高军衔的军人。8. 单选题The reason he wants to take a leave of absence is _.问题1选项A.because he is needing a complete restB.because he

11、needed a complete restC.that he needs a complete restD.because a complete rest is needed by him【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. because he is needing a complete rest B. because he needed a complete restC. that he needs a complete rest D. because a complete rest is needed by him【答案】C【考查点】表语从句。【解题思路】分析句子可知，句子缺少表语，而结

12、合选项可知，该句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”，所以空格处是一个表语从句，because和that都可以引导表语从句，而“需要休息”的主体是he，所以从句中的主语用he，又根据前面的wants可知，need应该同样用一般现在时，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项need一般不用于进行时态；B项need时态使用错误；D项主语应该是he，故排除。【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。9. 单选题He found the _ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC

13、.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. sufficient足够的；充足的 B. constant连续发生的；不断的C. steady（发展、增长等）稳步的，持续的 D. plenty大量；很多adv.【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据intolerable（无法忍受的）可推知，media attention（媒体关注）是连续不断的，空格处表示“不断的”，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是副词，不符合句子语法结构。【句意】他无法忍受媒体不断的关注，决定出国。10. 单选题During the lecture, the speaker

14、occasionally _ his point by relating his own experiences.问题1选项A.illustratedB.hintedC.tiedD.displayed【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. illustrated说明，阐明 B. hinted暗示；透露C. tied（用线、绳等）系，拴 D. displayed陈列；展出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词the speaker（演讲者）和his point（他的观点）可推知，空格处表示“阐明观点”，illustrate指用例子、故事或图表阐明，符合句意，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除

15、】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】在讲座中，演讲者偶尔会通过讲述自己的经历来阐述他的观点。11. 单选题My brothers plans are _; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.ambitiousC.aggressiveD.abundant【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. arbitrary任意的；武断的 B. ambitious有野心的；有雄心的C. aggressive好斗的；挑衅的 D. abundant大量的；丰盛的【答案】B【考查点】形

16、容词辨析。【解题思路】根据后半句的句意“他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语”可得知，他的计划是雄心勃勃的，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】我哥哥的计划雄心勃勃；他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。12. 单选题Passage 1The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.As part

17、 of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the countrys most talented artists have been called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost

18、 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970. He felt the artist had lost h

19、is place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting area

20、 of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britains first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh color

21、s, playful images and restful courtyards.The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no v

22、iew at all or only a brick wall to look at.21. According to the passage, “to soften the hard edges of modern buildings” means _.22. What can we say of Peter Senior?23. According to Peter Senior, _.24. After the improvement of the hospital environment, _.25. The fact that six young art school graduat

23、es joined Peter shows that _.问题1选项A.to pull down hospital buildingsB.to decorate hospitals with art collectionsC.to improve the quality of treatment in hospitalsD.to make the corners of hospitals buildings round问题2选项A.He is a pioneer in introducing art into hospitals.B.He is a doctor interested in p

24、ainting.C.He is an artist who has a large collection of paintings.D.He is a faithful follower of hospital art.问题3选项A.art is losing its audience in modern societyB.art galleries should be changed into hospitalsC.patients should be encouraged to learn paintingD.art should be encouraged in British hosp

25、itals问题4选项A.patients no longer need drugs in their recoveryB.patients are no longer wholly dependent on expensive drugsC.patients need good-quality drugs in their recoveryD.patients use fewer pain killers in their recovery问题5选项A.Peters enterprise is developing greatlyB.Peter Senior enjoys great popu

26、larityC.they are talented hospital artistsD.the role of hospital environment is being recognized【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】21.【选项释义】21. According to the passage, “to soften the hard edges of modern buildings” means _. 21. 根据这篇文章，“软化现代建筑的硬边”意味着_。A. to pull down hospital buildings A. 拆除医院建筑B. to

27、 decorate hospitals with art collections B. 用艺术收藏品装饰医院C. to improve the quality of treatment in hospitals C. 提高医院的治疗质量D. to make the corners of hospitals buildings round D. 使医院建筑的角落成为圆形【答案】B【考查点】语义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段第一句“作为英国全国范围内将艺术带出画廊、带到公共场所的努力的一部分，英国一些最有才华的艺术家被请来改造旧医院，并软化现代建筑的硬边”，从中理解可知，软化现代建筑的硬

28、边是将艺术带出画廊、带到公共场所的努力的一部分，也就是说“软化现代建筑的硬边”意味着让艺术家用艺术品来装饰医院，故B项“用艺术收藏品装饰医院”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“拆除医院建筑”和D项“使医院建筑的角落成为圆形”原文都没有依据，这两项属于无中生有；C项“提高医院的治疗质量”是艺术改变医院的环境质量的结果，而不是“软化现代建筑的硬边”的隐含内容，该项属于张冠李戴。22.【选项释义】22. What can we say of Peter Senior? 22. 我们对彼得知道一些什么呢？A. He is a pioneer in introducing art into hospital

29、s. A. 他是把艺术引入医院的先驱。B. He is a doctor interested in painting. B. 他是一个对绘画感兴趣的医生。C. He is an artist who has a large collection of paintings. C. 他是一位收藏了大量绘画作品的艺术家。D. He is a faithful follower of hospital art. D. 他是医院艺术的忠实追随者。【答案】A【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“这些最近的创想在很大程度上要归功于一位艺术家彼得，他在1970年早期在英格兰东北部的曼彻斯特医院

30、建立了自己的工作室”和第四段最后一句“彼得被认为是英国第一个医院艺术家（Britains first hospital artist）”理解可知，彼得是第一个把艺术引入医院的艺术家，所以A项“他是把艺术引入医院的先驱”符合原文，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项“他是一个对绘画感兴趣的医生”，原文交代了彼得是一位艺术家，该项属于曲解原文；C项“他是一位收藏了大量绘画作品的艺术家”在原文没有提及，该项属于无中生有；D项“他是医院艺术的忠实追随者”，原文第三段最后一句只提到“他（彼得）觉得艺术家已经失去了在现代社会的地位，艺术应该被更广泛的观众所欣赏”，并没有说明彼得是医院艺术的忠实追随者，该项属

31、于曲解原文。23.【选项释义】23. According to Peter Senior, _. 23. 根据彼得的说法，_。A. art is losing its audience in modern society A. 在现代社会，艺术正在失去它的观众B. art galleries should be changed into hospitals B. 美术馆应该改成医院C. patients should be encouraged to learn painting C. 应该鼓励病人学习绘画D. art should be encouraged in British hospi

32、tals D. 英国医院应该鼓励艺术【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句“他（彼得）觉得艺术家已经失去了在现代社会的地位，艺术应该被更广泛的观众所欣赏”可知，彼得认为艺术家在现代社会失去地位，而艺术本应该被更多的观众欣赏，也就是说现代社会中的艺术正在失去它的观众，故该题选择A项“在现代社会，艺术正在失去它的观众”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“美术馆应该改成医院”，彼得没有这样认为，该项属于无中生有；C项“应该鼓励病人学习绘画”和D项“英国医院应该鼓励艺术”文中也都没有提到，这两项也属于无中生有。24.【选项释义】24. After the improvement of

33、 the hospital environment, _. 24. 经过医院环境的改善，_。A. patients no longer need drugs in their recovery A. 病人在恢复期不再需要药物B. patients are no longer wholly dependent on expensive drugs B. 病人不再完全依赖昂贵的药物C. patients need good-quality drugs in their recovery C. 病人在康复过程中需要高质量的药物D. patients use fewer pain killers in

34、 their recovery D. 患者在康复过程中使用较少的止痛药【答案】D【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据最后一段的内容“当病人从疾病中恢复时，环境质量可能会减少对昂贵药物的需求。一项研究表明，能看到花园的病人需要的强效止痛药的数量是那些看不到花园或只能看到一堵砖墙的病人的一半。”理解可知，经过医院环境的改善，病人在康复过程中对止痛药的需求减少了，D项“患者在康复过程中使用较少的止痛药”符合原文，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项“病人在恢复期不再需要药物”，病人只是减少了对药物的需求，并非不再需要，该项属于曲解原文；B项“病人不再完全依赖昂贵的药物”，病人减少对昂贵药物的需求，该

35、项也属于曲解原文；C项“病人在康复过程中需要高质量的药物”文中没有提及，该项属于无中生有。25.【选项释义】25. The fact that six young art school graduates joined Peter shows that _. 25. 六名年轻的艺术学校毕业生加入彼得的行列，表明_。A. Peters enterprise is developing greatly A. 彼得的事业发展迅速B. Peter Senior enjoys great popularity B. 彼得很受欢迎C. they are talented hospital artists

36、C. 他们是有才华的医院艺术家D. the role of hospital environment is being recognized D. 医院环境的作用正在被认识【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第四段最后一句“彼得被认为是英国第一个医院艺术家，他非常受欢迎，很快就有六个年轻的艺术学校毕业生加入了他的团队”，此前提到“彼得在曼彻斯特皇家医院的门诊候诊室举办了他自己的第一次画展”，而根据文章内容，在医院举办画展的原因是改造医院环境，而第五段第一句提到“其效果是显著的”，可知在医院办画展效果很好，这与第一段“医学界逐渐认识到，医院的环境质量在病人康复过程中可能发挥

37、重要作用”相对应，所以推断，六名年轻的艺术毕业生加入彼得的行业，表明医院环境的作用正在被大家认识到，故该题选择D项“医院环境的作用正在被认识”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“彼得的事业发展迅速”和C项“他们是有才华的医院艺术家”文中没有提及，这两项属于无中生有；B项“彼得很受欢迎”，在原文是指在医院举办艺术展览受到欢迎，与题干无关，该项属于出处错位。13. 单选题As one of the worlds highest paid models, she had her face _ for five million dollars.问题1选项A.positedB.assuredC.measure

38、dD.insured【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. posited假设；认定 B. assured使确信C. measured测量；度量 D. insured投保【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据前半句的句意“作为世界上收入最高的模特之一”，结合关键词face可推知，她为自己的脸投保，空格处表示“投保”符合句意，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】作为世界上收入最高的模特之一，她为自己的脸投保了500万美元。14. 单选题Only those who can _ to lose their money should make high-risk inv

39、estments.问题1选项A.maintainB.sustainC.endureD.afford【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. maintain维持；保持 B. sustain维持（生命、生存）；使稳定持续C. endure忍耐；忍受 D. afford买得起；承担得起（后果）【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息lose their money（金钱损失）和make high-risk investments（进行高风险投资）推知，只有承受得起损失的人才能进行高风险投资，afford to是固定搭配，表示“能承担；（有条件）做”，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不

40、符合句意；C项是及物动词，后面不需要跟介词。【句意】只有那些能够承受损失的人才应该进行高风险投资。15. 单选题Passage 3The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pi

41、npoint (强调) his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quicklyperhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain formation about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for

42、 reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed persons behavior with the known others behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately

43、structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the persons responses to specific stimuli (刺激因素), asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person

44、question, self-disclosures, and so on.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept e idea th

45、at we wont ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us

46、from knowing another person too well (e.g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g. discloses and truthful statement).31. According to the passage, if we perceive

47、a person, we are likely to be interested in _.32. Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because _.33. We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because _.34. There are things that we find preventing us from kno

48、wing others. These things are _.35. This passage mainly concerns _.问题1选项A.what he wearsB.how tall he isC.how happy he isD.what color he dyes his hair问题2选项A.some people are more emotional than othersB.some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another personC.some people

49、 are sensitive enough to sense the change of other peoples attitudesD.some people choose to keep to themselves问题3选项A.we dont accept the idea that we might never fully know another personB.we often get information in a casual and inexact wayC.we pay more attention to other peoples motivations and emo

50、tionsD.we often have face-to-face conversation with him问题4选项A.disclosuresB.deceptionsC.stimuliD.interactions问题5选项A.the perception of other peopleB.the relationship between peopleC.secrets and deceptions of peopleD.peoples attitudes and character【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】31.【选项释义】31. According

51、 to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested in _. 31. 根据文章，如果我们感知一个人，我们可能会对_感兴趣。A. what he wears A. 他的穿着B. how tall he is B. 他的身高C. how happy he is C. 他有多快乐D. what color he dyes his hair D. 他染什么颜色的头发【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段第三句“更多的时候（More often），我们试图进入对方的内心，找出他或她的态度、情感

52、、动机、能力、想法和性格”可知，在感知一个人的时候，我们更多的是进入对方的内心，感知他或她的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格，C项“他有多快乐”属于情感上的感知，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项“他的穿着”、B项“他的身高”和D项“他染什么颜色的头发”都不属于感知对方内心的内容，这三项属于曲解原文。32.【选项释义】32. Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because _. 32. 有些人经常对别人的所作所为感到惊讶。伯杰认为，这主要是

53、因为_。A. some people are more emotional than others A. 有些人比其他人更情绪化B. some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another person B. 有些人没有意识到我们永远不会完全了解另一个人的事实C. some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other peoples attitudes C. 有些人很敏感，能感觉到别人态度的变化D. some peopl

54、e choose to keep to themselves D. 有些人选择独来独往【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第三段倒数第二句“这也会让我们不会对看似不一致的行为感到太惊讶或震惊”，其中“这”指的是上一句“如果我们接受我们永远无法完全了解另一个人的想法，它会使我们更容易处理那些妨碍我们获得准确知识的事情”，理解可知如果我们接受我们永远无法完全了解另一个人的想法，我们对看似不一致的行为不会感到太惊讶，反之我们对别人的所作所为感到惊讶的原因是我们没有认识到我们永远不会完全了解另一个人，故该题选择B项“有些人没有意识到我们永远不会完全了解另一个人的事实”符合题意。【

55、干扰项排除】A项“有些人比其他人更情绪化”、C项“有些人很敏感，能感觉到别人态度的变化”和D项“有些人选择独来独往”文中都没有提及，这三项属于无中生有。33.【选项释义】33. We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because _. 33. 我们可能已经认识一个人十年了，但仍然对他知之甚少，因为_。A. we dont accept the idea that we might never fully know another person A. 我们不接受我们可能永远无法完

56、全了解另一个人的想法B. we often get information in a casual and inexact way B. 我们经常以一种随意而不准确的方式获得信息C. we pay more attention to other peoples motivations and emotions C. 我们更关注他人的动机和情绪D. we often have face-to-face conversation with him D. 我们经常和他面对面交谈【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第三段第二句“你可能已经认识一个人十年了，但仍然对他知之甚少”，前

57、一句指出“了解一个人是一项永无止境的任务，这很大程度上是因为人们在不断变化，而我们获取信息的方法往往不精确（the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise）”，理解可知，我们可能认识一个人十年，但我们仍然对他知之甚少，这是因为人们是不断变化的，而我们获取信息的方式是随意而不准确的，所以该题选择B项“我们经常以一种随意而不准确的方式获得信息”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“我们不接受我们可能永远无法完全了解另一个人的想法”是我们对看似不一致的行为感到惊讶的原因，而不是认识很久的人知之甚少的原因，该项属于张冠李戴；C项“我们更

58、关注他人的动机和情绪”和D项“我们经常和他面对面交谈”文中没有提及，这两项属于无中生有。34.【选项释义】34. There are things that we find preventing us from knowing others. These things are _. 34. 我们发现有些事情阻碍了我们了解他人。这些东西是_。A. disclosures A. 公开的事情B. deceptions B. 欺骗C. stimuli C. 刺激因素D. interactions D. 互动【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据原文最后一句“具有讽刺意味的是，对于发展一段令人

59、满意的关系来说，那些使我们无法了解对方的东西（如秘密和欺骗）可能与那些使我们能够准确了解对方的东西（如公开和诚实的陈述）同样重要”理解可知，阻碍我们了解他人的事情是一些秘密和欺骗，B项“欺骗”符合题意，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项“公开的事情”是促进我们能够准确了解对方的事物，该项属于反向干扰；C项“刺激因素”和D项“互动”文中没有提及，这两项属于无中生有。35.【选项释义】35. This passage mainly concerns _. 35. 这篇文章主要是关于_。A. the perception of other people A. 对他人的感知B. the relatio

60、nship between people B. 人与人之间的关系C. secrets and deceptions of people C. 人们的秘密和欺骗D. peoples attitudes and character D. 人的态度和性格【答案】A【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句“感知他人的过程（对我们自己或他人来说）很少被翻译成冷冰冰的、客观的术语”，以及最后一段第一句“了解一个人是一项永无止境的任务，这很大程度上是因为人们在不断变化，而我们获取信息的方法往往不精确”可知，文章主要讨论的内容是感知他人；而第二段讲述的是了解他人的一些方式，所以综合理解可以推断，这篇

61、文章主要是关于对他人的感知，该题选择A项“对他人的感知”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“人与人之间的关系”文中没有提及，该项属于无中生有；C项“人们的秘密和欺骗”和D项“人的态度和性格”分别在第三段和第一段提到，但表述太片面，这两项属于以偏概全。16. 单选题Though steam engines have now passed the _ of their usefulness, their heritage remains.问题1选项A.primeB.eraC.epochD.date【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. prime年富力强的时期；鼎盛时期 B. era时代；年代C. epoch纪元；时期 D. date日期；日子【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息passed the _ of their usefulness（过了它们使用的_