2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第122期

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The girl was（ ） Julia after her grandmother.问题1选项A.appointedB.namedC.nominatedD.elected【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。be named after 以的名字命名，和的名字一样。句意：这个女孩以她祖母的名字命名为茱莉亚。选项B正确。2. 单选题Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and

2、 is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”，“Real Estate” “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.The reader who is interested in

3、 a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a diffe

4、rent frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on displ

5、ay type to get the readers attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the readers attenti

6、on. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising.1.All of the following facts are advantages of cla

7、ssified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that（ ）.2.One of the examples given about types of classified advertisement is（ ）.3.What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisement, according to the writer?4.According to the passage, in which way have the classified adver

8、tisements changed nowadays?5.Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance?问题1选项A.classified advertisement charges less moneyB.it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumersC.it provides more information for the readersD.it does not have to rely too much on display type问题2选

9、项A.houses for saleB.people who are asking for helpC.people who are lostD.job vacancies问题3选项A.They are in the frame of mind to buy anythingB.They are looking for something they needC.They feel lost because there are so many advertisementsD.They feel the same as when they look at display advertisement

10、s问题4选项A.They depend more on display type.B.More money is charged for them.C.They are divided into more groups.D.They are less formal.问题5选项A.Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B.Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C.Because the increase in the number of such

11、 advertisements means they have to be small now.D.Because there are more advertisements now and more competition among advertisers.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“the rate charged being less than for display advertising. 收费低于展示广告。”和第二段“As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser

12、does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the readers attention由于读者的注意力是自愿的，因此不需要过分依赖展示类型来吸引读者的注意力。”可知ABD项文中都有提及，故答案C。2.细节事实题。由第一段“Such groupings as “Help Wanted”，“Real Estate” “Lost and Found” are made诸如“招聘”、“房地产”、“失物招领”等。”可知Real Estate对应A项，故答案选A。3.细节事实题。由第二段“He turns to a page o

13、f classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. 他翻开一页分类广告，寻找能满足他需要的特定广告。”可知B项正确。4.细节事实题。由第二段“In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertise

14、ment has in reality advertisement. 在许多情况下，其结果是增加了使用空间的大小，增加了标题和图片。这样，分类广告就有了现实广告。”可知分类广告更依赖展现形式。A项正确。5.细节事实题。由第二段“With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the readers attention. 然而，随着此类广告数量的

15、增加，同一群体中的每一个广告客户都在与同一群体中的其他客户竞争以吸引读者的注意力。”可知由于竞争加大导致分类广告发生了变化。故D项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:3. 单选题Because of a（ ） engagement, Lora couldnt attend my birthday party last Saturday.问题1选项A.pioneerB.prematureC.priorD.past【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。pioneer“先锋”；premature“早产的，不成熟的”；prior“先前的”；past“过去”。句意：由于先前的约会，Lora上周六不能参加我

16、的生日派对。C项符合题意。4. 单选题He found the（ ） media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。sufficient“足够的，充分的”；constant“持续的，不变的，恒定的”；steady“稳固的，不变的”；plenty“许多，丰富”。句意：媒体对他的不断关注使他无法忍受，因此他决定出国。由intolerable可知B项正确，其他三项都为褒义词，不符合语境。5. 单选题Hes watching

17、 TV? Hes（ ） to be cleaning his room.问题1选项A.knownB.supposedC.regardedD.considered【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事，被期望做某事”；句意：他在看电视吗？他本应该在打扫房间的。B项符合题意。6. 单选题It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldnt（ ） all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.问题1选项A.live up toB.make outC.live

18、throughD.make up for【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。live up to“践行”；make out“理解，辨认出”；live through“度过，经受过”；make up for“弥补”。句意：Anne突然明白金钱不能弥补Bob在过去五年里的遭遇。D项符合题意。7. 翻译题Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and translate it into Chinese.1. Upon learning of this cultural preference, Hallmark reacted quickly.

19、 Even though Chinese and Japanese descendants of Romeo and Juliet are now able to buy greeting cards in their native language, Hallmark has made sure the supply of greeting cards in English is plentiful. Thus, their customers can achieve both a display of their hip cosmopolitan flair, while also sen

20、ding their sweetie that all-important message of love at the same time.2.English as a lingua franca is nothing more than a useful tool: it is a “language for communication”, a medium that is given substance with the different national, regional, local and individual cultural identities its speakers

21、bring to it. English itself does not carry such identities, and it is not a “language for identification”. And because of the variety of functional uses of global English, English has also a great potential for promoting international understanding. Its different speakers must always work out a comm

22、on behavioural and intercultural basis.【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后，霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡，但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样，他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光，同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。2.作为一种通用语，英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”， 是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份，它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且，由于全球英语功能用法的多样性，英语在促进国际理解方面也具有

23、巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。8. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.中国人的住宅从前中国人在盖房子的时候，都要先请人看风水，看似迷信，也并非没有道理。按照中国人的想法，任何建筑物都不应该破坏大自然的和谐，而且要让建筑物和大自然融为一体。住在这种房子里的人，会觉得自己不是关在笼子里，而是生活在宁静的大自然里面。所以，中国人盖房子，通常都坐北朝南，以便接受冬天的阳光和夏日的清风。这种房子冬暖

24、夏凉，住在里面非常舒服。【答案】Chinese people used to invite experts to advise them in feng shui principles before building a house. It seems to be superstitious, but somehow makes sense. According to the Chinese people, no building should mar the harmony of nature, but instead blend into nature. Those living in s

25、uch houses would not feel confined in cages, but as if they were living in serene nature. Thus, Chinese houses usually face the south so as to have warm sunshine in winter and cool breezes in summer. The house, warm in winter and cool in summer, is comfortable for accommodation.9. 单选题Too much（ ）to X

26、-rays can cause skin burns cancer or other damage to the body.问题1选项A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项disclosure“披露，揭发”；B选项exhibition“展览，显示”；C选项contact“接触”；D选项exposure“暴露”。句意：过多地暴露在X光下会导致皮肤灼伤、产生癌症或造成其他身体上的损伤。选项D符合句意。10. 单选题The little girl could not（ ）her curiosity to see w

27、hat was in the box.问题1选项A.restrainB.retrainC.abandonD.prevent【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项restrain“抑制，控制”；B选项retrain“再训练，再教育”；C选项abandon“放任，离开”；D选项prevent“预防，阻止”。根据句意“小女孩抑制不住好奇心，想看看盒子里装的是什么。”选项A符合句意。11. 单选题Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of（ ）.问题1选项A.extinctionB.migrationC.dest

28、ructionD.extraction【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。extinction“灭绝，消灭”；migration“迁移，移民”；destruction“毁灭”；extraction“取出，抽出”。句意：令人悲伤的是，大熊猫现在成了濒临灭绝的动物种类之一。A项符合题意。12. 单选题All students（ ）a loud laugh when Professor Henry Ford told them the joke.问题1选项A.let offB.let downC.let outD.let up【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项let off“宽恕，准许”；B选项le

29、t down“使失望”；C选项let out“发出，泄露”；D选项let up“停止，放松”。根据句意“当Henry Ford教授讲这个笑话时，所有学生都大笑起来。”这里是指发出笑声，所以选项C符合句意。13. 单选题His speech was careful and（ ）, but his words seemed to make no sense.问题1选项A.distinctB.distractC.distinguishableD.diligent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项distinct“清楚的，明显的，独特的”；B选项distract“转移，分心”；C选项distin

30、guishable“可区分的”；D选项diligent“勤勉的，用功的”。根据句意“他的讲话仔细而清晰，但这些言语似乎毫无意义。”选项A符合句意。14. 单选题Our license will（ ）next week，so we shall need a new one.问题1选项A.exploreB.denyC.expireD.explode【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项explore“探索，探测”；B选项deny“否认，拒绝”；C选项expire“期满，终止”；D选项explode“爆炸，激增”。根据句意“我们的执照下周就要到期了，所以我们需要一个新的。”选项C符合句意。15. 单

31、选题Electrical resistance is a common property of all materials,（ ） .问题1选项A.differs only in degreeB.only in degree it differsC.it only differs in degreeD.differing only in degree【答案】D【解析】考查分词结构。分析句子结构可知，两个独自的句子用逗号隔开且没有连词，说明后半句应使用非谓语成分，即动词的分词形式或不定式，这里只有选项D是非谓语结构，所以选项D正确。16. 单选题In the Chinese household,

32、 grandparents and other relatives play （ ） roles in raising children.问题1选项A.incapableB.indispensableC.insensibleD.infinite【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。incapable“不能的，无能力的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；insensible“昏迷的，无知觉的”；infinite“无限的，无穷的”。句意：在中国的家庭当中，祖父母和其他的亲戚在养育孩子方面起着必不可少的作用。B项符合题意。17. 单选题The old couple decided to（ ）

33、a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.问题1选项A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。adapt“适应”；bring“带来”；receive“接受”；adopt“采取，收养”。句意：这对老夫妻决定收养一个男孩和一个女孩，尽管他们自己已经有三个小孩了。D项符合题意。18. 单选题I （ ） on a book with him. He help me a lot with collecting materials.问题1选项A.cooperateB.operateC.colla

34、teD.collaborate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。cooperate“合作”；operate“操作”；collate“核对，校对”；collaborate“（由指创作性劳动方面）合作”。句意：我跟他一起合著了这本书，他在收集资料方面帮了我很多。D项符合题意。19. 单选题The wings of the bird still（ ） after it had been shot down.问题1选项A.slappedB.scratchedC.flappedD.fluctuated【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。slap“掌击，拍掌”；scratch“刮，抓”；flap“拍打”；fluctuate“波动”。句意：这只鸟在被击倒之后，它的翅膀仍然在拍打。A项符合题意。20. 单选题Numerous studies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom（ ）.问题1选项A.performanceB.functionC.behaviorD.display【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。performance“表现”；function“功能”；behavior“行为”；display“展示”。句意：许多研究已经将一天的第一顿饭与更好的课堂表现联系起来。A项符合题意。