2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解29

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1、2022年考博英语-大连理工大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题Many tourists were （ ）by the citys complicated traffic system.问题1选项A.degradedB.bewilderedC.evokedD.diverted【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。degrade “降级，降低，退化”；bewilder “使迷惑”；evoke “引起，唤起”；divert “转移”。句意：很多游客都被这个城市复杂的交通系统弄得晕头转向。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Her interest in redecorating the

2、 big house kept her （ ）for a whole week. (98/6)问题1选项A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.occupied【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。constrained “被强迫的”；dominated “占主导地位的”；restricted “受限制的；occupied “使用中的；无空闲的”。句意：她热衷于给这个大房子重新装修，为此她会忙碌整个星期。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotel

3、s of （ ）standards.问题1选项A.equivalentB.alikeC.uniformD.likely【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。equivalent “等价的”; alike “相同的”；uniform “统一的，一致的”；likely “很可能的”。句意：虽然他们服务好，但大多数小旅馆要比同等级水准的宾馆便宜。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Physics is the present-day equivalent of （ ）used to be palled natural philosophy, fromwhich most of the present-day

4、 science arose.问题1选项A.thatB.allC.whichD.what【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。空格所在处的词是引导介词后的宾语从句，所以选项D符合题意。句意：物理学以前被称为是自然哲学的同等物，从中出现了如今大部分的科学。5. 单选题Many novels that attempt to the mirror the world are really （ ）of the reality that they represent.问题1选项A.reflectionsB.demonstrationsC.illuminationsD.reproductions【答案】A【解析

5、】考查名词词义辨析。reflection “反映”；demonstration “示范”；illumination “照明”；reproduction “繁殖”。句意：许多试图向世界反映现实的小说，都反映了他们所代表的现实。选项A符合题意。6. 单选题A most （ ）argument about who should go and fetch the bread from the kitchen wasgoing on when I came in.问题1选项A.trivialB.delicateC.minorD.miniature【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。trivial “不

6、重要的，琐碎的”；delicate “微妙的，精美的”；minor “次要的，较小的”；miniature “微型的，小规模的”。句意：当我进来的时候，一场极琐碎的就谁应该去鸡的面前捡回面包的争吵正在进行。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题The present universal fear has been the result of a forward surge in our knowledge and （ ） of certain dangerous factors in the physical world.问题1选项A.automationB.perceptionC.manipulati

7、onD.administration【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 automation “自动化”；perception “感觉，看法”；manipulation “操作”；administration “管理”。句意：如今的全球恐慌是我们对物理世界中特定危险因素的突破性了解和认知的结果。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （ ） the names they had been given by the witness.问题1选项A.perplexedB.bewilderedC.conf

8、usedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。选项A、B、D的宾语都是人，所以均不符合题意。confuse the names “把名字弄混”。选项C符合题意。9. 单选题Tom（ ） better than to ask Dick for help.问题1选项A.shall knowB.shouldnt knowC.has knownD.should have known【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。should have “本该”，表示本应该做，实际上没做，用虚拟语气。句意：汤姆早就该知道不能去找迪克帮忙。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题It is bad manners

9、to （ ） people where they are speaking.问题1选项A.interviewB.intimateC.interfereD.interrupt【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Interview “采访；面试”；intimate “暗示，通知”；interfere “干涉，打扰”；interrupt “打断，中断，打扰”。句意：打断他人说话是不礼貌的。选项D符合题意。11. 单选题During their first teacher training year, the students often visited local schools for the（

10、）of lessons.问题1选项A.observationB.investigationC.inspectionD.examination【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。observation “观察，监视”；investigation “调查”；inspection “视察，检查”；examination “考试”。句意：这些学生在第一年教师培训期的时候，经常去一些当地学校观摩。选项A符合题意。12. 单选题These instruments, which break up structures only to examine them more fully, demonstrate

11、how details can be（ ） and separated from the whole.问题1选项A.amplifiedB.magnifiedC.exemplifiedD.signified【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。amplify “扩大，放大”，多指将声音或者电流放大； magnify “放大”，多指通过放大镜等物品将影像扩大；exemplify “示例”；signify “表示，意指”。句意：通过将设备打开而进行更详细的检查，这些工具展示了如何将细节扩大并把它们从整体中区分开来。选项B符合题意。13. 单选题It only takes a （ ） of a seco

12、nd for the computer to do the calculation which a humanwill spend days to do.问题1选项A.fictionB.reductionC.functionD.fraction【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fiction “小说”；reduction “减少，下降”；function “功能”；fraction “小部分”。句意：电脑只需要一会就完成了人类需要几天才能完成的运算。选项D符合题意。选项D符合题意。14. 单选题Because a degree from a good university is the me

13、ans to a better job, education is one of the most（ ） areas in Japanese life.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。sophisticated “久经世故的；复杂的”；competitive “有竞争力的”；considerate “体贴的”；superficial “肤浅的”。句意：因为有一个好的大学文凭就能找到一个更好的工作，所以教育是日本生活中最具有竞争力的领域之一。选项B符合题意。15. 单选题T

14、he word conservation has a thrifty （节俭）meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of th

15、em, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealt

16、hy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands, soil destruction and river floods we

17、re not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our

18、 forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyones daily life. To know about the water table （水位）in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds （上游源头森林地带集水区）need to the protection of plant life and w

19、hy the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of m

20、ans fellow creatures on this planet is figured out only in square measure of surface but also in cubit volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1.The authors attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of nat

21、ural resources is（ ） .2.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that（ ） .3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generations didnt realize（ ） .4.To avoid correcting the mistake of our forefathers, the author suggests that （ ）.5.Whats the best title for

22、 the passage?问题1选项A.positiveB.neutralC.suspiciousD.critical问题2选项A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmental protectionC.they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials问题3选项A.the interdep

23、endence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of the beauty of nature问题4选项A.we plant more treesB.natural science be taught to everybodyC.environmental education be directed toward everyoneD.we retu

24、rn to nature问题5选项A.Our Forefathers Big MistakeB.Improve the Living ConditionsC.Protection of Our ResourcesD.Lead a Simple Life【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第三句most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible” 提到很多人直到现在还愚蠢地以

25、为那些资源是取之不尽用之不竭的，从 foolish这个单词可知作者对此持批判态度。选项D符合题意。2.文章第二段主要讲述由于几十年前林业科学还是一门没有普及的学科，使得我们的祖先们没有好好保护环境。四个选项中，A, C, D三个选项可以归纳为当时的人还没有环保意识，所以选项B符合题意。3.文章第三段最后一句话In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can 提到我们应该把保存自然原始的美作为目标，由此推断我们的祖先当时没有把这个当成目标，选项D符合题意。4.

26、文章最后一段使用了多次 we need to know, we need to be taught 等，可知作者提倡使用教育的方法来提高人们的科学知识。选项B符合题意。5.文章反复强调 conserve, conservation 这两个词，可知作者所要表达的中心思想便是保护环境资源。选项C符合题意。16. 单选题There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone（ ） me that evening.问题1选项A.had interruptedB.would have interruptedC.to have inter

27、ruptedD.to interrupt【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。由 that evening 可知此处表示过去的时间点完成的某种动作，应该用过去完成时，选项A符合题意。17. 单选题Speakers at graduation ceremonies are always among the most （ ）members of thecommunity.问题1选项A.discouragedB.dissatisfiedC.distinguishedD.disappointed【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。discouraged “气馁的”；dissatisfied “不满的”；

28、distinguished “尊敬的”；disappointed “失望的”。句意：毕业典礼上的发言人都是团体中最受尊敬的成员。选项C符合题意。18. 单选题Trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can（ ）our needsindefinitely.问题1选项A.sustainB.retainC.maintainD.obtain【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。sustain “维持”；retain “保持”；maintain “维持，维修”；obtain “获得”。句意：树木是可再生资源，如果管理得当，它们无限

29、期地满足我们的需求。选项A符合题意。19. 单选题Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most（ ） areas in Japanese life.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。sophisticated “久经世故的；复杂的”；competitive “有竞争力的”；considerate “体贴的”；superficial “肤浅的”。句意：因为有一个好的大学文凭就能找到一个更好的工作，所以教育是日本生活中最具有竞争力的领域之一。选项B符合题意。20. 单选题Children always are （ ） about things they do not know.问题1选项A.curiousB.queerC.strangeD.quaint【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Curious “好奇的”；queer “奇怪的”；strange “奇怪的”；quaint “离奇有趣的”。句意：孩子们往往对他们所不知道的事情感到好奇。选项A符合题意。