考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院模拟考试题含答案29
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1、考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题( )occasional differences of opinion, Ron and Paul get along very well.问题1选项A.Except forB.Out ofC.In spite ofD.In addition to【答案】C【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项 Except for“除了.以外”;B选项Out of“由于”;C选项In spite of“尽管,不顾”;D选项In addition to“除.之外,还有.”。句意:尽管偶尔意见有分歧,但罗恩和保罗相处得很好。选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Will
2、 you please( )everything is ready for the party to be held next Sunday?问题1选项A.see it thatB.see to itC.seeing thatD.see to it that【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项see it that没有这种搭配;B选项see to it“留意必定做”;C选项seeing that“由于,因为”;D选项see to it that“务必,保证”。根据句意“请你务必为下星期天举行的晚会做好一切准备,好吗?”选项D符合句意。3. 单选题Now in Britain, wines t
3、ake up four times as much( )in the storehouse as both beer and spirits.问题1选项A.blockB.landC.patchD.space【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。block“块,街区”;land“陆地”;patch“斑点,小块土地”;space“空间”。句意:如今在英国,仓库中的葡萄酒所占的空间比啤酒和烈性酒所占空间的总和还要多三倍。D项符合题意。4. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation
4、on the Answer Sheet.中国式问候吃饭时间,“你吃了吗?”是中国人最常用的问候语。不理解这种风俗的外国人会认为这是在邀请一起吃饭。但是,这仅仅是简单的问候,不是真的在发出邀请,所以可以回答“吃了,我吃过了。”或者说“没有,我还没吃。”除了“你吃了吗?”,中文中还有其他打招呼的方式,比如说“去哪儿?”、“忙吗?”、“干什么呢?”、“去上班?”等等。我们可以发现中国人问候的时候喜欢问别人在做什么,做了什么,要做什么。【答案】Chinese greeting“Have you eaten?” is a common greeting among Chinese when it is
5、the time for a meal. Foreigners who do not understand this kind of custom might regard this as an invitation to have a meal together. However, this is just a simple greeting, not a real invitation, so can reply with “Yes, I have eaten.” or “No, not yet.” In addition to “Have you eaten?”, there are m
6、any other expressions for saying hello in Chinese, like “Where are you going?”, “Are you busy?”, “What are you doing?”, “Are you going to work?”, etc. We can find that when Chinese people greet each other, they like to ask about the things others are doing, just did or are going to do.5. 单选题The stat
7、istical figures in that report are not( ) .You should not refer to them.问题1选项A.accurateB.fixedC.delicateD.rigid【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。accurate“精确的”;fixed“确定的,固执的”;delicate“微妙的,精美的”;rigid“严格的,僵硬的”。句意:那份报告中的统计数字是不精确的,你不应该参考它们。A项符合题意。6. 单选题Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady,
8、but ( )has risen steadily.问题1选项A.consumptionB.dissipationC.disposalD.expenditure【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。consumption“消费”;dissipation“浪费,消散”;disposal“处理,支配”;expenditure“支出,花费”。句意:在过去十年里,天然气产量保持稳定,但是销量却稳步上升。A项符合题意。7. 单选题People( )from work were to be helped until they found new jobs.问题1选项A.laid offB.laid onC.la
9、id asideD.laid back【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项lay off“解雇,休息”;B选项lay on“安装,提供”;C选项lay aside“搁置,储蓄,留存”;D选项lay back“躺下休息”。根据句意“被解雇(下岗)的人们将得到帮助,直到他们找到新的工作。”选项A符合句意。8. 单选题( )the old professor is still working hard in his lab day and night.问题1选项A.As old he isB.Old as he isC.However he is oldD.Though old is he【答案】
10、B【解析】考查让步状语从句。However引导让步状语从句置于句首时需要倒装,Though引导让步状语从句置于句首时不需要倒装,由此可首先排除选项C和选项D;as引导让步状语从句置于句首时,需将表语或状语提前构成倒装。所以选项B正确。9. 单选题I bumped my head on the doorpost and now a( )has come up.问题1选项A.lumpB.knobC.pumpD.bubble【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项lump“肿块”;B选项knob“瘤”;C选项pump“泵”;D选项bubble“气泡”。句意:我的头撞在了门柱上,现在肿了起来。选项A符合
11、语境。10. 单选题If you put too many potatoes in that paper bag it will( ).问题1选项A.explodeB.crackC.overcrowdD.burst【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项explode“爆炸”;B选项crack“破裂”;C选项overcrowd“过度拥挤”;D选项burst“涨破,撑破”。根据句意“如果你在纸袋里放太多土豆,它会胀破的。”选项D符合句意。11. 单选题I bought an alarm clock with a(n)( ) dial, which can be seen clearly in th
12、e dark.问题1选项A.supersonicB.luminousC.audibleD.amplified【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。supersonic“超音速的,超音波的”;luminous“发光的,明亮的”;audible“听得见的”;amplified“放大的,扩充的”。句意:我买了一个带有发光钟面的闹钟,这样在黑暗中也能看清时间了。由后半句句意可知B项符合题意。12. 单选题When making modern cameras, people began to( ) plastics for metal.问题1选项A.surroundB.substanceC.stretchD
13、.substitute【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。surround“环绕,包围”;substance“物质”;stretch“伸展,拉紧”;substitute“替换,代替”。句意:做现代摄像头时,人们开始用塑料替换金属。D项符合题意。13. 单选题This river is so big that it is impossible to build a( ) under it without modern technology.问题1选项A.canalB.tunnelC.channelD.cable【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。canal“运河”;tunnel“隧道”;channel“
14、通道,航道”;cable“缆绳,电缆”。句意:这条河如此长以至于没有现代技术的话,不可能去建一条地下隧道。B项符合题意。14. 写作题Directions: Write a short essay (around 200 words) expressing your idea about GOOD MANNERS in 3 paragraphs. You are given the first sentence of each paragraph and are required to develop its ideas in completing the paragraph.1. Good
15、manners mean good behavior in social intercourse.2. A selfish man can never possess good manners.3. Then how to learn good manners?【答案】略15. 单选题All the parts of this washing machine are( ), so that it is very convenient to replace them.问题1选项A.normalizedB.modernizedC.mechanizedD.standardized【答案】D【解析】考
16、查形容词辨析。A选项normalized“标准化的,正常化的,常规化的”;B选项modernized“现代化的”;C选项mechanized“机械化的”;D选项standardized“标准化的,规范化的”。根据句意“这台洗衣机的所有部件都是标准化的,更换起来非常方便。”这里是说零件是合乎标准的,规范化的,所以选项D最恰当。16. 单选题The police stopped me the other day as I was driving home, because I was( ) the speed limit.问题1选项A.transcendingB.exceedingC.surpas
17、singD.overtaking【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transcend“胜过,超越”;B选项exceed“超过,胜过”;C选项surpass“超越,优于”; D选项overtake“赶上,压倒”。四个选项都有“超过,胜过”的意思,但表示超速只能用exceed。根据句意“那天我开车回家的时候被警察拦住了,因为我超速了。”所以选项B正确。17. 单选题There has been a collision ( )a number of cars on the main road to town.问题1选项A.composingB.consistingC.involvingD.eng
18、aging【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。compose“组成,构成”;consist“由组成”;involve“包含,涉及”;engage“雇佣,参加”。句意:在通往小镇的主路上发生了一起碰撞,涉及到许多小轿车。C项符合题意。18. 单选题Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally att
19、empt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.The statuses we assu
20、me often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses, and allowing other people to assume their stat
21、uses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clo
22、thes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose, style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese famer or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as
23、 by our pocket book. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too, come ready made, and the range of choice, among them is limited.1.In the first paragraph,
24、the writer tells us that statuses can help us( ).2.According to the writer, people often assume different statuses( ).3.The word appraisal in paragraph 2 most probably means( ).4.In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to( ) .5.By saying that “an American is not free to
25、 choose the costume of a Chinese farmer or that of a Hindu prince” (Para. 3), the writer means( ).问题1选项A.make friends with other peopleB.determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobC.protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD.behave appropriately in relation to other people问题2选项A.in order to
26、 better identify othersB.as their mental processes changeC.as the situation changeD.in order to identify themselves with others问题3选项A.involvementB.assessmentC.appreciationD.presentation问题4选项A.constant mental processB.selecting ones own statusC.curiosity of other peoples statusesD.fitting our actions
27、 to those of other people appropriately问题5选项A.different people have different styles of clothesB.ready-made clothes may need alterationsC.our choice of statuses is limitedD.statuses come ready made just like clothes【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段首句“Statuses are marvelous human i
28、nventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we fit in society. 地位是人类不可思议的发明,它使我们能够彼此和睦相处, 并决定我们在社会中适当的位置。”也就是说,在与他人相处时举止得体,选项D符合原文。2.细节事实题。根据第二段的一二句“The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at a very
29、 high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. 我们所假定的身份常常随着我们遇到的人而变化,并且在一生中不断变化。我们大多数人都能以非常快的速度假定各种情况所需要的状态。”也就是说,人们所假定的身份随着外部环境的改变而发生改变。选项C符合原文。3.语义推断题。A选项involvement“牵连,包含”;B选项assessment“评定,估价”;C选项appreciation“欣赏,鉴别”;D选项presentation“描述,介绍”。根据原文句意:这意味着我们的行为与其他人的行为相适应是建立在对他人的评价和解释
30、这种持续的心理过程之上的。由此可知,appraisal指评估,判断,所以选项B与之意思相近。4.判断推理题。根据第二段的最后一句话可知,这里的it指的是前半句提到的“the task”,而“the task”指代的是上文提到的fit our actions to those of other people。所以选项D符合原文。5.作者意图题。结合原文内容可知,作者通过将身份比作衣服,说明身份像衣服一样,受到社会的限制,选择的范围有限。所以选项C正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:19. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into E
31、nglish. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.农历十二月初八是中国的传统节日腊八节,腊代表中国农历的十二月,而八是数字“八”的发音,因此,这个节日被称为腊八节。关于腊八起源的传说有很多,我们已经不能辨其真假。时至今日,我们确定的是这个节日起初是为了祭祀祖先,祈求丰收。从传统上讲,腊八粥是腊八节最重要的元素。粥要熬制数小时,然后作为祭品祭献给祖先。【答案】The Laba Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the eighth day of the twelfth
32、 month of the lunar Chinese calendar. La is the name given to the 12th lunar month and 8 is pronounced as ba in Chinese, which translated is Laba. There are several legends about the origin of this festivity and we could not tell which one is true. But what we know today is that this festival starte
33、d as a sacrificial offering to ancestors. It was also a time for the ancient Chinese to pray to heaven and earth that there would be a bountiful harvest. Traditionally, the Laba rice porridge is the most important element of the festival. The porridge must be boiled for many hours and then offered a
34、s a sacrifice to the ancestors.20. 单选题He is quite sure that its( ) impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.问题1选项A.absolutelyB.exclusivelyC.fullyD.roughly【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。absolutely“绝对地,完全地(语气上非常肯定,侧重表示程度)”;exclusively“唯一地,专有地,排外地”;fully“充分地,完全地(侧重表示数量)”;roughly“粗糙地,粗略地”。句意:他非常确定在两天被完成这项任务是完全不可能的。A项符合题意。
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