介词的用法总结

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1、介词的用法表示地点位置的介词at,in,on,to,forat(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示在附近，旁边”in(1)表示在大地方；(2)表示在范围之内”。on表示毗邻，接壤，在上面”。to表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或到”above,over,on在上above指在上方，不强调是否垂直，与below相对；over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Heputhiswatchonthedesk.below,under在下

2、面under表示在正下方below表示在下，不一定在正下方Thereisacatunderthetable.Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.infrontfrantof,inthefrontof在前面infrontof意思是在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind(在的后面)。Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。)inthefrontof意思是在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是atthebackof(在范围内的后部)。Thereisablackboardinthefront

3、ofourclassroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Ourteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)beside，behindbeside表示在旁边behind表示在后面表示时间的介词in,on，at在时in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。如inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inoneslife,inone等thirtieson表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。女口onMay1s

4、t,onMonday,onNewYearsDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指，等。如at3:20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof,attheageofatChristmas，atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。注意：在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词。如：Wemeeteveryday.2）in,after在之后“in段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后

5、；“after段时间表示过去的一段时间以后；“aetr+将来的时间点表示将来的某一时刻以后。3）from,sinee自从from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。since表示自（某具体时间）以来，常用作完成谓语的。sinceliberation（1980）自从解放（1980年）以来Theyhavebeenclosefriendssincechildhood.他们从小就是好朋友。（1）sincethewar是指自从战争结束以来，若指自从战争开始以来，须说sincethebeginningofthewar。（2）不要将si

6、nce与after混淆。比较：Hehasworkedheresince1965.（指一段时间，强调时间段）自从1965年以来，他一直在这儿工作。Hebegantoworkhereafter1965（指一点时间，强调时间点）从1965年以后，他开始在这儿工作。4）after,behind在之后after主要用于表示时间；behind主要用于表示位置。1. 时间名词前介词用法口诀年前周前要用in具体日子要用on遇到几号也用on上午下午得是in要说某日上下午用on换in记清楚午夜黄昏用at黎明用它也不错at用在时分前说差”可要用上to说过要用past表示运动方向的介词：across,through通

7、过，穿过across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关，为二维through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维。2. 表示在之间”的介词：表示在之间”的介词在英语中属于介词，女口infrontof,behind,on，in，near，under，upbetween,amongbetween指在两个人或两个事物之间；among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。表示其他意义的介词1）on,about关于on表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。2）by,with,in表示方法、手段、工具by以方法、手段或泛

8、指某种交通工具；with表示用工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；in表示用方式，用语言（语调、笔墨、颜色）等；3）except,besides除了except除之外，不包括在内;besides除之外，包括在内。ExceptforMr.Wang,wewenttoseethefilm.（王先生没去）BesidesMr.Wang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.（王先生也去了）其它常用介词介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小，但它们的用法却非常灵活，复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:1）about关于，附近，大约周围，随身.IhaveboughtabookaboutShakespearean.我买

9、了一本有关的书。Thereareaboutfifteentreesinthepicture.大约有十五棵树在图片里。2）above在上,高出，以上，超过，在.上游.Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.飞机在云上飞行。Ithinkthemanisabovesixtyyearsold.我想那人有六十多岁了。3）across横过，对面,交叉,在.的对面.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?你能游过河吗？Weliveacrossthestreet.我们住在街的对面。4）after在.后面,依照.Hewenthomeafterschool.他放学后就回家了。Rea

10、dafterme,please.请跟我朗读。5）against撞到，靠着，反对，违背,Thecarhitagainstthetree.汽车撞了树。Heisstandingagainstthewall.他靠墙站着。6）along沿着，顺着.Theyarewalkingalongtheriver.他们沿着河行走。7）among在.当中.（三者或三者以上Heisthetallestamongthem.他是他们当中个子最高的。8）around在.的周围，在那一边.Theysataroundthetabletalkingthenews.他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。Thereisadrugstorearound

11、thecorner.拐角处有一家药店。9）as作为.Hedoesntlikepeopletreathimasachild.他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。10）at在.时刻，在.点钟，在岁时，向，在.之中，按.速度，值（卖）.钱，在.（强调地点Healwaysgetsupatsixinthemorning.他时常早上六点钟起床。Heshotatthebirdbutmissedit.他向鸟射击，但是没射中。Thecargoesateightymilesanhour.汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。11）before在.的前面（位置）,在.之前（时间）Hetookapicturebeforethec

12、ar.他在汽车前照了张照片。Hecantfinishhisworkbeforesupper.晚饭前他完不成工作。12）behind在.的后面（位置）,落后于，不如4）after在.后面,依照，Arethereanybroomsbehindthedoor.门后有扫帚吗？Allofusarebehindhiminmathematics.我们数学都不如他。13）below在.之下，低于,Therearefourlightsbelowtheceiling.天花板下面有四盏灯。Themurdererrunawaybelowthepoliceseyes.杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了。14）beside在.的旁

13、边，在.之外，与.相比.Hefoundthebodybesidetheriver.他在河边发现了尸体。Besideyours，mycomputeristooslow.与你的计算机速度相比，我的就慢多了。15 )besides除.之外,还有.WeareallherebesidesBowe.除鲍外，我们也都来了。)between在.两者之间,Hesitsbetweenyouandme.他坐在你我之间。)beyond在.那边,Theshopyouarelookingforisbeyondthestreet,youcantmissit.你要找的商店在街的那边，你不会找不到的。16 )but除去.Heh

14、asnothingbutmoney.他除钱以外什么都没有。19)by被.,在.的近旁,在.之前,不迟于,以.为手段。Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudents.教室由学生们打扫干净了。MissLucycametoChinabyair.是乘飞机来的。20 )down沿着.望下。Shewalkeddownthestreet.她沿着街道走。21 )during在.期间,在.时候。Duringtheholiday,wewenttothesouth.我们假期去了南方。22 )except除.之外。HeknowsnothingexceptEnglish.他除英语以外什么都不知道

15、。23 )for为.,因为.,至于.。Heworksforthiscompany.他为这家公司工作。Shecamebacktotheclassroomforshehadleftherbooksintheclassroom.她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。24 )from从.,来自.,因为.。Whereareyoufrom?你是哪里人？Hediedfromanaccident.他死于一场事故。25)in在.,在.之内，从事于.,按照.,穿着.。Hewasbornin1992.他生于1992年。Icouldfinishtheprogramintwoweeks.我可以用两周时间完成这个项目。Hes

16、pendlesstimeinreading.他读书时间很少。Themaninblackjacketisourteacher.穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师。26)like象.，如同.。Thetwinsareliketheirfather.双胞胎像他们的父亲。27)near靠近。Therearesomeflowersnearthehouse.房子附近有一些花。28)of.的，属于.。ThisisamapofChina.这是一张中国地图。29)off离开.，在.之外。Theyoungmangotoffthetrainquickly.那个年青人很快下了火车。Iliveinavillagealittle

17、wayoffthemainroad.我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里。30 )on在.之上。Mybookisonthetable.我的书在桌子上。31 )outof从.出来，在.之外。Thedogrunoutofthehouse.狗从房子里跑出来。32 )outside.外边.Theyarewaitingoutsidethegate.他们在门外等着。33 )over在.之上，遍于.之上，越过.。Thereisalightoverthedesk.桌子上方有盏灯。Heisoversixtyyearsold.他有六十多岁。34 )past越过.，过.，超越.。Thestudentswalkedpastt

18、hepostoffice.学生们走过了邮局。Itistenpasttwo.现在是两点十分。35 )round围着.，绕过.，在.周围。Wesatroundthetable.我们围着桌子坐下。Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。36 )since自.以后，自.以来。HehasmadegreatprogressinEnglishsincehecameintothecollege.从他来到大学后，他的英语有了很大进步。37 )through经过.，穿过.。(立体层面)Theywentthroughtheforest.他们穿过了森林。38 )throughout遍及.，在各

19、处。Thepolicesearchedforthecriminalthroughoutthemountain.警察搜山寻找犯人。39)till直到.，在.以前。Hedidntcomebacktillelevenoclock.他直到十一点钟才回来。Wellbehometillsix.六点以前我们都会在家。40)to到.，向.，趋于。Howlongisitfromheretothestation？从这儿到车站有多远？41 )under在.之下，低于。Therearesomefootballsunderthebed.床底下有几颗足球。Thesestudentsareunderseventeenyea

20、rsold.这些学生们不到十七岁。)until直到，在.以前，Pleasewaitforusuntilwecomeback.请等着我们回来。ItwasnotuntillastweekthatIhandedinmathematicspaper.直到上周我才交了数学论文。42 )up在.上面，在.上。Hewentupthestairs.他上了楼梯。43 )upon在.之上，迫近.。Itsnotpolitetolookdownuponhim.蔑视他是不礼貌的。44 )within在.之内。Youmustfinishtheworkwithintwoweeks.你必须两周内完成这项工作。45 )with

21、out没有，不，在.之外。Wecantdoitbetterwithoutyourhelp.没有你的帮助，我们就做不好。Wecouldntlivewithoutairandwater.没有空气和水，我们就不可能生存。（A）Intheworld,socceroffootballisthemostpopularsport.ThisisbecausemanycountrieshavewonderfulteamsfortheWorldCup.TheWorldCupisheldeveryfouryears.Toremember2002FIFAWorldCup,childrenfromdifferentco

22、untriesandmorethan60childrenfromJapaneseschoolscametogetherandspentthreeweekendsdrawingabigpicturecalled“Dre梦n幻）WorldCups”inJapan.Thechildrendrewanimals,flowersandpeopleplayingsoccerunderabulebrightsky.Theywishedeachfootballteamgoodluckbydrawingtheflags（旗帜）ofallthecountriesthatwilltakepartintheWorld

23、CupinJapanandSouthpicturewasputupinaparknearaplaygroundinYokohama.Somefootballteamswillhavegamesthere.Areyouafootballfan（迷）?TheWorldCupmakedsmoreandmorepeopleinterestedinfootballTeenagers（青少年）likeplayingandwatchingfootball.Manyofthemlovesomefootballstarssomuchthattheygetthepicturesoftheirfavouritepl

24、ayersonthewallsoftheirrooms.ThatisthewaytoshowtheirlovefortheWorldCupaschildreninJapan.1. IfacountrywantstotakepartintheWorldCup,shemusthave.2. ManyfootballfansB.averygoodteamC.manyfootballplayerD.abigplaygroundThenextWorldCupwillbeheldin.3. 2006B.2007C.2005D.2004Fromthepassage,inthepicturechildrend

25、rewmanythingsexcept.A. peopleplayingfootballB.picturesofsomefootballstarsC.asunnyskyD.flowersIn“DreamWorldCup”,thechildrendrewtheflagsofsomecountries./Ptoshowtheirlovefortheirowecountrytotellthepeopletheirstoriestoshowtheirgoodwishesforthefootballteamstoshowtheirnewideasaboutfootballteenagersowethep

26、icturesofsomefootballstarsbecause.A.theyareinterestedinfootballB.theyarefootballfansC.theythinktheirfavouriteplayersaregreatD.allofA,BandC（B）In1826,aFrenchmannamedNiepceneededpicturesforhisbusiness.Buthewasnotagoodartis.Soheinventedaverysimplecamera（照相机）.Heputitinawindowofhishouseandtookapictureofhi

27、agarden.Thatwasthefirstphoto.Thenextimportantdateinthehistoryofphotography（摄影术）wasin1837.Thatyear,Daguere,anotherFrenchman,tookapictureofhisreadingroom.Heusedanewkindofcamerainadifferentway.Inhispictureyoucouldseeeverythingveryclearly,eventhesmallestthing.ThiskindofphotowascalledaDaguerreotype.Soon,

28、otherpeoplebegantouseDaguerresway.Travelersbroughtbackwonderfulphotosfromallaroundtheworld.peopletookpictureoffamousbuildings,citiesandmountains.Inabout1840,photographywasdeveloped.Thenphotographerscouldtakepictureofpeopleandmovingthings.Thatwasnotsimple.Thephotographershadtocarryalotoffilmandotherm

29、achines.Butthisdidnotstopthem,forexample,someintheUnitedStatesworkedsohard.MathewBradywasafamousAmericanphotographers.Hetookmanypictureofgreadpeople.Thepicturewereunusualbeausetheywereverylifelike（栩栩如生的）Photographersalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19thcentury.Somephotodwerenorjustcooiesoftherealw

30、orld.Theyshowedandfeelings,likeotherkindsofart.ThefirstphototakenbyNiepcewasapicturteofA.hisbusinessB.hishouseC.hisgardenD.hiswindowTheDaguerrotypewas./PA.FrenchmanB.akindofpictureC.akindofcameraD.aphotographerIfaphotographerwantedtotakepicturesofmovingthingsintheyearof1840j,hehadto.A.watchlotsoffil

31、msB.buyanexpensivecameraC.stopinmostcitiesD.takemanyfilmsandsomethingelsewithhim.3. MathewBrady.4. A.wasverylifelikeB.wasfamousforhisunusualpicturesC.wasquitestrongD.tookmanypicturesofmovingpeopleThispassagetellsus.A.howphotographywasdevelopedB.howtoshowyourideasandfeelingsinpicturesC.howtotakepictu

32、resintheworldD.howtousedifferentcameras（C）Americanswithsmallfamiliesownasmallcaroralargeone.Ifbothparentsareworking,theyusuallyhavetwocars.Whenthefamilyislarge,oneofthecarsissoldandtheywillbuyavan（住房汽车）Asmallcarcanhold（容纟纳）fourpersonsandalargecarcanholdsixpersonsbutitisverycrowded（拥挤）.Avanholdsevenp

33、ersonseasily,soafamilythreechildrencouldasktheirgrandparentstogoonaholidaytravelTheycouldalltraveltogether.andhiswifehadathirdchildlastyear.Thismadethemsellasecondcarandbusavan.Theirchildrensixthandseventhseatareusedtoputotherthings,forafamilyoffivemustcarrymanysuitcases（衣箱）whentheytravel.Whentheyar

34、riveattheirgrandparentshome,thesuitcasesarebroughtintothetwoseatscanthencarrythegrandparents.Americanscallvansmotorhomes.Amotorhomeisalwaysusedforholidays.Whenafamilyaretravelingtothemountainsortotheseaside,theycanliveintheirmotorhomeforafewdaysortotheseaside,theycanliveintheirmotorhomeforafewdaysor

35、weeks.Allthemembersofabigfamilycanenjoyahappierlifewhentheyaretravelingtogether.Thatiswhymotorhomeshavebecomeverypopular.InAmericatherearemanyparksformotorhomes.5. Fromthepassage,avanisalsocalled.6. A.amotorcarB.amotorhomeC.amotorbikeD.abigtruckBeforeMr.Hagenandhiswifeboughtavan,they.7. A.soldtheiro

36、ldhouseB.movedtotheirgrandparentshouseC.builtanewplaceforavanD.soldtheirsecondcarAmotorhomeisusuallyownedbyafamilywith.8. A.ababyB.muchmoneyC.morethantwochildrenD.interestinvansAmericansusuallyusemotorhomer.9. totravelwithallthefamilymembersofholidaytodosomeshoppingwithallthefamilymemberstovisitthei

37、rgrandparentsatweekendstodrivetheirchildrentoschooleverydayMotorhomeshavebecomepopularbecause.A. theycantakepeopletoanothercitywhenpeoplearefreetheycanletfamilieshaveahappierlifewhentheygooutfortheirholidayssomepeoplethinkmotorhomesarecheapbigfamiliescanputmorethingsinmotorhomes（D）Surtseywasborninsa

38、wthebirthofthisisland.Itbeganat7.30a.m.on14thNovember.AfishingboatwasnearIceland.Theboatmovedunderthecaptains（船长）feet.Henoticedastrangesmell.Hesawsomeblacksmoke.Avolcano（火山）wasbreakingout.Red-hotrocks,fireandsmokewererushingupfromthebottom（底部）ofthesea.Theislandgrewquickly.Itwas10metershighthenextday

39、and60metershighon18thNovember.Scientistsflewtheretowatch.Itwasexciting.Smokeandfirewerestillrushingup.Piecesofred-hotrockwereflyingintotheairandfallingintothesea.Theseawasboilingandtherewasastrangelightinthesky.Surtseygrewandgrew.ThenitstoppedinJunewas175metershighand2kilometerslong.Andlifewasalread

40、ycomingtoSurtsey.Plantsgrew.Birdscame.Somescientistsbuiltahouse.Theywanttolearnaboutthisyoungisland.Anewislandislikeanewworld.10. Surtseyis.11. A.anislandnotfarfromIcelandB.anewvolcanoC.afishingboatD.aplaceinIcelandScientistsflewthere.12. A.towatchthebirthoftheislandB.tosavethefishingboatC.tolearnab

41、outtheislandD.tobuildahouseWhendidscientistflytheretowatch?A.Beforethevolcanobrokeout.B.Assoonasthevolcanobrokeout.C.Aboutfourdaysafterthevolcanobrokeout.D.Afterthevolcanostoppedrushingup.13. Putthefollowingsentencesincorrectorder.a.Thecaptainfoundtheboatwasmoving.b.Anewislandappearedinthesea.c.Fire

42、,smokeandrockswereseenrushingup.d.AfishingboatwasnearIceland.e.Theislandgrewquickly.14. A.d-a-c-b-eB.a-b-c-d-eC.a-b-e-c-dD.b-e-d-a-cThebesttitleofthisarticleis.A.AnewislandB.ThebirthofanislandC.AnewworldD.ScientistsdiscoveredSurtsey（E）On,1908,threemenwentupinaballoon（气球）.TheystartedearlyinLondon.The

43、headmanwasAugustaGaudron,andtheothertwomenwereTannarandMaitland.Theyhadabigballoonandtheywerereadyforalongway.Soontheyheardthesea.Theywerecarryingtheusualrope（绳子），anditwashangingdownfromthebasketoftheballoon.Attheendoftheropetheyhadtiedametalbox.Thiscouldholdwater,oritcouldbeempty.Sotheywereabletoch

44、angeitsweight（重量）.Itwasforuseoverthesea.Theywerealsocarryingsomebagsofsand.Afterthesunrose,theballoonwenthigher.Itwentupto3,000metres,andtheairwasverycold.Thewaterintheballoonbecameice.Snowfellpastthemensbasket,andtheycouldseemoresnowontheground.Thementriedtothrowoutsomemoresand;butitwashard.Theytri

45、edtobreaktheicysandwiththeirknives,butitwasnoteasy.Theworkwasslowandtheywerestillfalling,sotheyhadtodropsomewholebagsofsand.Oneofthemfellonanicylakeandmadeablackholeintheice.Atlasttheypulledtheboxintothebasket.Itwasstillsnowing;sotheyclimbedtogetawayfromthesnow.Theyroseto5,100metres!Everythingbecame

46、icy.Theyweresocoldthattheydecidedtoland.TheycamedowninPolandheavilybutsafely.Theyhadtravelled1,797kilometersfromLondon!15. Threemenflewinballoon.16. A.fornearly1,800kilometersB.toanothercityC.tovisitPolandD.morethanacenturyagoThemetalboxwasusedfor.17. A.carryingthebagsofsandB.keepingdrinkiaterC.carr

47、yingropesofthebasketD.changingweightWhentheballoonwentuphigher,.18. A.thetemperatureoftheballoonbegantofallB.TheysawthesungodownTheymadeaholeinthebasketwiththeirknivesTheycouldseeablackholeonthegroundTheballoonlanded.19. A.inLondonB.ontheseaC.onalakeD.inaforeigncountryWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A. Thethreemenstartedtheirjourneybeforethesunrose.B. Theballoonbegantogoupwhentheythrewbagsofsandoutofthebasket.C. Whentheypulledtheboxintothebasket,theballoonbegantoclimbup.D. Thethreemenhadtolandbecausetheyfeltcold.1.B2.A3.B4.C5.D6.C7.B8.D9.B10.A11.B12.D13.C14.A15.B