考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学模拟考试题含答案43

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1、考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题The crowd cheered in （ ）when the players caught the ball.问题1选项A.recognitionB.appreciationC.interactionD.participation【答案】B【解析】考察名词词义辨析。recognition “识别；承认，认出；”;appreciation “欣赏，鉴别;感谢”;interaction “相互作用”；participation“参与;分享;参股”。根据cheer 与 caught the ball 可知观众是因为球被接住欢呼，对球

2、员表示赞赏，因此选项B符合题意。句意：当球员接住球时，观众欢呼表示赞赏。2. 单选题The policeman declared that the blow on the victims head （ ）from behind.问题1选项A.should have been madeB.must have been madeC.would have been madeD.ought to have been made【答案】B【解析】考查语法中情态动词表推测的用法。A项should have done表示“本该做某事（其实没做）”；B项must have done表示“定做了某事”；C项wou

3、ld have done表示“将会做某事”，常用于表达虚拟语气；D项ought to have done表示“本该做某事”，比should have done语气强，意思为根据责任或者义务应该做。句意：警察宣称受害者头上的伤一定是从后面猛击造成的。故本题正确答案为B项。3. 单选题Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called footwear for yuppies.They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments

4、, especially now that the company offers basketball and childrens shoes for the under 18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics or running.The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-perfo

5、rmance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers.Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the up market retailing network that helped push sales to 1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe markete

6、rs.Rebook shoes, which arc priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the companys view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution.In the past few years, the Massachusetts-

7、based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity.At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had.These fulfillment prob

8、lems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors.At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States.Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics s

9、hoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes.Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics

10、 shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.1. One reason why Reeboks managerial personnel dont like their shoes to be called “footwearof yuppies” is that（ ）.2.Reeboks view that “consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distrib

11、ution” (Line 5, Para.2) implies that（ ）.3.Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because（ ）.4.Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its orders, it（ ）.5.What lesson has Reebok learned from Nikes distribution problems?问题1选项A.they believe that their shoes are

12、 popular with people of different age groupsB.new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoesC.“yuppies” usually evokes a negative imageD.the term makes people think of prohibitive prices.问题2选项A.the quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling itB.the

13、quality of a product determines the quality of its distributorsC.the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell itD.consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores问题3选项A.its supply of products fell short of demandB.too many distributors would cut into

14、 its profitsC.the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the marketD.it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products问题4选项A.does not want to further expand its retailing networkB.still limits the number of shoes supplied to storesC.is still particular about who sells its produ

15、ctsD.Still carefully chooses the manufacturers of its products.问题5选项A.A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount stores.B.A company should not limit its distribution network.C.A company should do follow-up surveys of its products.D.A company should correctly evaluate the impact of

16、a new craze on the market.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到第一段第二句活They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and childrens shoes for the under 18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aero

17、bics or running. “他们认为，锐步关注的是多元化的细分市场，特别是因为公司在为18岁以下顾客制造篮球鞋和童鞋的同时，也为不爱做有氧运动或跑步的老年顾客提供步行鞋。”，由此可知锐步关注的是多元化的细分市场。所以A项正确。2.判断推理题。根据题干可以定位在文章第二段的Reebok plans few changes in the up market retailing network. “锐步计划对高端市场零售网络进行一些调整。”和 Rebook shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold on

18、ly in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores.“价格在27美元到85美元之间的Rebook运动鞋将继续只在更好的专业产品、体育用品和百货商店出售”。故D项“消费者认为一流的产品只会在高质量的店铺被售卖。”符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据题干定位在文章第三段In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes s

19、upplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had.。过去几年，这家总部位于马萨诸塞州的公司对其分销商的数量(以及供应给商店的鞋的数量)进行了限制，这在一定程度上是出于必要。有时锐步的需求超出了供应，难以满足经销商的订单。由此可知A项 “供不应求”。4.细节事实题。根据题干可以定

20、位在文章第三段中的 These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. 这些问题现在似乎得到了控制，但公司仍然对经销商很挑剔。”由此可知C项 “对于让谁来销售他们的产品仍然挑剔”符合题意，答案选C。5.细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到最后段中的 Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the d

21、istribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores. “通过产品多样化和仔细的市场调查，锐步希望避免耐克几年前遇到的分销问题，当时耐克误判了健美鞋热潮的强度，被迫通过折扣店出售大量库存的跑鞋。”由此可知D项 “企业应该正确估计市场上新热潮的影响”。符合

22、题意。因此选D。4. 单选题Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke. Nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. This is secondhand smoke. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that about fifty-three thousand people die in America

23、each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals harm a nonsmokers health. Recently, though, scientists expressed their opinion after they studied a

24、large group of nonsmokers. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies. As a matter of fact, almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not. For example, we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants, hotels, an

25、d other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas, smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke. In America, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. Research sho

26、ws that these children are sick more often than the children who live in homes where no one smokes. The damaging effects of secondhand smoke on children also continue as they grow up. The children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as the children of

27、 nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for the children who live in homes where both parents smoke.1.It can be inferred that about fifty-three thousand people die in American （ ）.2.Non-smokers get harmed by smokers（ ）.3.Which of the following statement is NOT true?4.Which of the following is not liste

28、d as a negative effect imposed by secondhand smoking on children?5.Which group of children suffer from secondhand smoking to the greatest extent?问题1选项A.because of smokingB.though they dont smokeC.because their parents smokeD.though their parents dont smoke问题2选项A.because of the poisonous smoke they b

29、reathe inB.if they live togetherC.when there is no non-smoking area in the public utilitiesD.though the poisonous chemicals contained in the smoke dont harm them问题3选项A.Non-smokers may be passively involved in secondhand smoking.B.Some non-smokers may die of lung cancer because of secondhand smoking.

30、C.We all, more or less, suffer from secondhand smoking.D.Secondhand smoking is even more harmful than smoking itself.问题4选项A.They are more likely to be sick.B.They are more likely to develop mental disease.C.They tend to have the bad affect as they grow up.D.They are more likely to develop lung cance

31、r.问题5选项A.Children under the age of five living in homes with no smokers.B.Children under the age of five living in homes with one parent smoking.C.Children under the age of five living in homes with two parents smoking.D.Children under the age of five living away from their parents.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题

32、:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。题干要求推断美国53,000人死亡的原因。根据关键词fifty-three thousand定位到文章第一段最后一句可知，这些人的死因是由于exposure to secondhand smoke，即“暴露于二手烟中”，由此可以推断死亡者本人不抽烟，故B项“尽管他们不吸烟”正确。而A项“由于吸烟”和C项“因为他们的父母吸烟”明显错误；D选项“尽管他们的父母不抽烟”属于过度推断。因此本题正确答案为B项。2.细节事实题。根据题干Non-smokers可定位到原文第二段第四句，再根据下一句.almost all of us breathe tobacc

33、o smoke at times, whether we realize it or not可知，不管我们有没有意识到，我们几乎都吸入烟草的烟，所以非吸烟者身体受损的原因是“因为他们吸入有毒的烟”，故A项正确。B选项原文没有提及，C选项与第二段最后一句不符，故排除；D选项根据第二段第三句“甚至非吸烟者身体内有过量的这些化学物质”可以排除。3.细节事实题。题干要求找出错误选项。A选项“非吸烟者也许会被动吸入二手烟”，根据常识可判断正确；根据第一段最后一句可知非吸烟者可能死于二手烟，所以B选项“有些非吸烟者可能因为吸二手烟而死于肺癌”正确；根据第二段 almost all of us breath

34、e tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not可知，C选项“我们都多多少少遭受二手烟的痛苦”正确；D选项“二手烟比抽烟本身伤害更大”在原文中并未提及，属于无中生有。因此本题答案为D项。4.细节事实题。题干要求判断四个选项中哪一个不是二手烟对孩子的消极影响。根据题干定位至原文最后一段。由these children are sick more often than the children who live in homes where no one smokes可知，这些孩子比家里没有人吸烟的更容易生病，故A选项正确，可排除；B选项

35、“他们更可能患心理疾病”在原文中并未提及。根据原文倒数第三句可知，C选项“孩子们长大了也会受二手烟的影响”正确，可排除。根据原文最后一句“父母吸烟的孩子长大后患肺癌的概率是父母不吸烟的孩子的两倍多”可知，D选项“一些非吸烟者可能由于二手烟死于肺癌”正确， 可排除。故本题正确答案为B。5.推理判断题。题干要求判断以下那种孩子受二手烟的伤害最大。根据关键词children定位至最后一段可知，“父母都抽烟的孩子患肺癌的风险更高”。A选项为“5岁以下生活在无人抽烟的家庭的孩子”；B选项为“5岁以下生活在父亲或母亲一方抽烟的家庭的孩子”；C选项为“5岁以下生活在父母都抽烟的家庭的孩子”；D选项“5岁以下

36、不和父母一起生活的孩子”。因此，本题正确答案为C项。5. 单选题For some crimes, and under certain conditions, a police officer must obtain a court order called（ ）before making an arrest.问题1选项A.warrantB.registryC.legislationD.battery【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项warrant表示“根据，证明，正当理由”；B选项registry表示“注册，登记”；C选项legislation表示“立法”；D选项battery表示“电

37、池；（法）殴打；炮台”。由句中a court order “一种法院命令”以及关键信息before making an arrest “在实施逮捕之前”可知，这是空缺处应该是指逮捕罪犯的证明或者逮捕令。因此，本题正确答案为A项。【句意】对于某些犯罪，在一定条件下，警察在实施逮捕之前必须获得法院的命令，也就是逮捕令。6. 单选题The famous scientist was so easy-going and（ ） that college students liked to talk with him.问题1选项A.gracefulB.graciousC.grimD.glorious【答案】

38、B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项graceful表示“优雅的；优美的”；B选项gracious表示“亲切的；高尚的；雅致的”；C选项grim表示“冷酷的；糟糕的；残忍的”；D选项glorious表示“光荣的；辉煌的；极好的”。根据easy-going（平易近人的）可知空缺处部分应为其近义词，因此B项“和蔼的”符合语境，故正确答案为B项。句意：这位著名科学家是如此的平易近人又和蔼可亲，大学生们都喜欢与他交谈。7. 单选题Its good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually（ ）from the Bible

39、.问题1选项A.acquireB.resultC.obtainD.derive【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项acquire表示“获得，取得”；B选项result表示“结果，导致”；C选项obtain表示“获得，取得”；D选项derive表示“源于，得自”。根据句意可知，很多流行的英语表达实际上来自圣经。因此，本题选择D项最符合句意。8. 单选题It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better （1 ）math than girls, that male high school students are more likely

40、than their female counterparts（ 2 ）advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians（ 3 ）men. Are women born with（4）mathematical ability? Or does societys sexism slow their progress? In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried（ 5 ）the eternal nature/nurture

41、 debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow（ 6 ）10,000 talented seventh and eighth graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered（ 7 ）sex differences.（8 ） the verbal abilities of the males

42、and females（ 9 ）differed, twice as many boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have（10 ）superior mathematical reasoning ability.Benbow and Stanleys findings,（11）were published in “Science”，distu

43、rbed some men and（12）women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math（13 ）not, after all, a natural male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected from geometry classes and tested on their ability to solv

44、e geometry proofs, a subject requiring（14） abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion（15）by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.问题1选项A.atB.topC.ofD.about问题2选项A.in tacklingB.tacklingC.to tackleD.about tackling问题3选项A.might beB.have beenC.must beD.had been问题4选项A.smallerB.l

45、essC.fewerD.not more问题5选项A.to settleB.to setC.settlingD.setting.问题6选项A.were testedB.have testedC.were testingD.had tested问题7选项A.distinctB.instinctC.remotesD.vague问题8选项A.SinceB.HoweverC.AsD.While问题9选项A.scarcely notB.virtuallyC.largelyD.hardly.问题10选项A.superficiallyB.universallyC.inherentlyD.initially,

46、问题11选项A.asB.thatC.whichD.all问题12选项A.fewB.not a fewC.not fewD.quite few问题13选项A.beB.wereC.wasD.is问题14选项A.none ofB.neither ofC.eitherD.both问题15选项A.gotB.gainedC.reachedD.accomplished【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A第6题:D第7题:A第8题:D第9题:D第10题:C第11题:C第12题:B第13题:D第14题:D第15题:C【解析】1.考查固定搭配。do better at. 在方面做得更好。2.

47、考查固定搭配。be likely to do sth.可能做某事,故选C。3.语法题。考查时态。空格所在句意为: 伟大的数学家几乎都是男性,这里强调从过去到现在一直存在的事实,因此用现在完成时。4.语义题。smaller 更小的，一般指尺寸、数量等;less和fewer都可以表示更少的，较少的但less修饰不可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词;not more 不多。由关键词ability可知B正确。5.考查固定搭配。try to do sth. 努力做某事。此处动词settle与debate搭配表示 “解决争端”。6.语法题。考查时态。根据关键词between 1972 and 1979可知，

48、此处需耍用过去完成吋态。7.考查形容词辨析。distinct 明显的；instinct 本能，天性；remote 偏远的，偏僻的；vague 模糊的。此处句意为:他们发现不同的性别之间有很大的不同,故选A。8.考查逻辑关系。逗号前后两个分句之间是对比关系，因此引导词用while。9.考查副词辨析。scarcely 几乎不，一般没有scarcely not连用的情况；virtually 事实上，几乎;largely 主要地，在很大程度上；hardly 几乎不。前后分句为对比关系。故选D。10.考查副词辨析。superficially 表面地；universally 普遍地；inherently

49、固有地，内在地; initially 最初。这里想表达“相比女性,男性在数学方面有内在优势”,故选C。11.语法题。考查从句的引导词。“ （ ）were published inScience”这部分为非限制性定语从句修饰Benbow and Stanleys findings，C项which能引导非限制性定语从句,故选C。12.语义题。few 很少的；not a few 不少，相当多；没有now few和quite few的用法。此处句意为:这一研究结果让一些男性和很多女性感到不安,故选B。13.语法题。考查时态和主谓一致。此处需填入系动词,此处主语是math,故排除A和B。根据提示词now

50、可知,D正确。14.考查固定搭配。both.and. 不但而且。15.考查固定搭配。reach a conclusion得出结论。9. 单选题Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major（ ）in every familys budget.问题1选项A.nutritionB.expenditureC.routineD.provision【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项nutrition表示“营养；营养学；营养品”；B选项expenditure表示“支出，花费；经费，消费额”；C选项routine表示“程序；日常工作；例

51、行公事”；D选项provision表示“规定；条款；准备；供应品”。根据句意可知，食物在每个家庭的预算中都是主要的支出，因此B选项最符合句意。故本题正确答案为B。10. 单选题We are at a serious disadvantage in （ ） we have nobody properly qualified for the work问题1选项A.thisB.thatC.whichD.whom【答案】B【解析】考察固定搭配。in that 为固定搭配，意思是“由于，因为”。句意：我们现在处于非常不利的局面，因为我们没有胜任这份工作的人选。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题Nowaday

52、s, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere. Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so Im going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning.The technology has been working well for me at the office, but there are infinite applications. Virtua

53、lly in any public space.Say you work at a big university with lots of talky faculty members buzzing about. Now, say you need to use the restroom. The trip down the hall will take approximately one hour, because a person cant walk into those talky people without getting pulled aside for a question, a

54、 bit of gossip, a new read on a certain line of Paradise Lost.So, a cellphone. Any cellphone. Just pick it up. Dont dial. Just hold that phone to your face and start talking. Walk confidently down the hall engaged in fake conversation, making sure to tailor both the topic and content to the person s

55、tanding before you whom you are trying to evade.For standard colleague avoidance, I suggest fake chatting about fake business:“Yes, Im glad you called, because we really need to hammer out the details. Whats that? Yes, I read Page 12, but if you look at the bottom of 4, I think you can see the probl

56、em begins right there.”Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. Make eye contact with the people passing, nod to them, gesture keen interest in talking to them at a later time, point to your phone, shrug and move on.Shoppers should consider fake foning anytime they spot a talky neighbor in the pro

57、duce department pinching (用手捏) unripe peaches. Without your phone at your face, youd be in for a 20-minute speech on how terrible the world is.One important caution about fake foning. The other day I was fake foning my way past a colleague, and he was actually following me to get my attention. I kne

58、w he wanted to ask about a project I had not yet finished. I was trying to buy myself some time, so I continued fake foning with my doctor. “So I dont need the operation? Oh, doctor, that is the best news.”And then: Brrrrrrng! Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! My phone started ringing, right there while it was pl

59、anted on my face. My colleague looked at me, and I at him, and naturally I gasped. “What is the matter with this thing?” I said, pulling the phone away to look at it, and then putting it back to my ear.“Hello? Are you still there?”Oops.1.Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?2. What is fakin

60、g foning?3. In the authors opinion, in order to make foning look real one has to4. What does the last example show?5. After his phone suddenly began ringing, the author问题1选项A.Cellphone service is popular among people.B.Fake foning is a new cellphone service.C.Cellphone has much use in office.D.Fake

61、foning is a new discovery.问题2选项A.A device newly produced.B.A strategy to avoid people.C.A service provided everywhere.D.A skill of communication.问题3选项A.talk about interesting matters.B.hold the phone while walking.C.appear absorbed in conversation.D.behave politely to people passing by.问题4选项A.One ha

62、s to be careful while fake foning.B.One effective way is to fake fone ones doctor.C.Fake foning may not deceive people.D.Fake foing is always quite successful.问题5选项A.immediately started talking to the caller.B.immediately started talking to his colleague.C.put the phone away and stopped talking.D.continued with his faking conversation.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C