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1、21. National Emergency Airborne Command PostThe E-4B is designed to provide National Command Authorities (NCA) with a survivable capability to direct and control military forces in all levels of conflict, including nuclear war. Unlike ground-based command sites that are vulnerable to attack, the E-4
2、B has the mobility to escape direct assault. Its communications system is hardened to withstand the massive electromagnetic pulse of a nuclear burst, so that the communication network will function following an enemy attack and enable the NCA to direct a retaliatory1 strike2. As aircraft operations
3、and maintenance are self-contained, operation are possible from a large number of civilian, abandoned or damaged airfields whose number and distribution further increase the E-4Bs survivability. Four General Electric CF6-50E engines give the modified 747-200B a certified maximum take-off gross weigh
4、t of 362,874 kg. This provides sufficient fuel for the E-4B to remain airborne3 for 12 hours without refueling or 72 hours with in-flight refueling. A 1500 meters runway enables the E-4B to take off with an 8-hour endurance; take-off from shorter runways is possible by further reducing fuel load. Wo
5、rldwide communication over many links is possible because of the E-4Bs advanced command and control electronics. These are powered by a 1200 Kilowatt4 generator 5 system and include 13 external communication systems operating through 50 antennas6. The ability to access satellite systems reduces grou
6、nd station dependence and protects against jamming7 and direct tracking attempts. A long range link, established with the high power Very Low Frequency8 (VLF) system, resists atmospheric nuclear effects and is very difficult to jam. The E-4B system is capable of tying with commercial telephone and r
7、adio networks and could potentially be used for radio broadcast to the general population. When it is on the ground, it can also be connected to a ground communication network, which can be quickly disconnected. The E-4B accommodates9 up to 94 crew members on three decks with 510m2 of deck space. Th
8、e upper deck contains the cockpit10 and flight crew rest area for long missions. 国家应急空中指挥所设计E-4B的目的，是在各种规模的冲突中（包括核战争），为国家指挥当局提供指挥和控制部队的生存能力。不像易受攻击的地面指挥所，E-4B具有躲避直接攻击的机动能力。它的通信系统经过强化，可抵抗核爆炸产生的大量电磁脉冲，因此通信网在遭到敌人核攻击后仍继续运行，使得国家指挥当局能够指挥反击。由于飞机集操作与维修于一体，从大量民用的、废弃或损坏的机场起飞都成为可能，这些机场的数量和分布进一步增强了E4B的生存能力。4台通用电
9、气公司生产的CF6-50E型发动机，使得改装的747-200B型飞机的标准最大起飞总重量为362874公斤。这给E-4B提供了充足的燃料，可在空中飞行12小时无需加油；若在空中加油，则可飞行72小时。一条1500米长的跑道可使E4B起飞，续航8小时。进一步减少燃料负荷后可从更短的跑道起飞。由于E4B装有先进的指挥和控制电子设备，通过许多链路进行全球通信是可能的。这些设备由一个1200千瓦的发电机系统供电，包括13个外部通信系统，通过50副天线来进行工作。能接入卫星系统的能力，减少了它对地面台站的依赖性，并可避免敌方干扰和直接跟踪。用高功率甚低频系统建成的一条远距离链路，可抵抗大气核爆炸效应，且
10、敌人很难干扰。E-4B系统能与商用 和无线电网络相连接，并有可能用来对公众进行无线电广播。位于地面时，它也能与地面通信网接通，还能迅速断开。E-4B能在3个总共510平方米的机舱内容纳94名机组人员。上层舱设有驾驶室及远程飞行的机组人员休息室。1.retaliatoryrItAlIEtLrIadj.以牙还牙的，报复的2.strikestraikn.袭击(尤指空袭)3.airborne5ZEbC:nadj.在空中的，在飞行的4.kilowatt5kilEuwCtn.物千瓦(特)(略作kw)5.generator5dVenEreitEn.发电机6.antennaAn5tenEn.美天线7.jamdVAmvt.无干扰8.frequency5fri:kwEnsIn.物频率9.accommodateE5kCmEdeitvt.容纳，为提供空间10.cockpit5kCkpitn.(飞行员)座舱
【管理精品】国家应急空中指挥所
