20186月大学英语四级真题[第一套]

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1、.2018年6月大学英语四级真题第1套PartIWriting 30minutesDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words._PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Atthee

2、ndofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyo

3、uhavejustheard.1. AThereturnofabottledmessagetoitsownersdaughter.BANewHampshiremansjokewithfriendsonhiswife.CAfathersmessageforhisdaughter.DThehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.2.AShewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.BShewantedtohonorherfatherspromise.CShehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.DShewasexcitedtosee

4、herfathershandwriting.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.APeoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.BSeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.CTwomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.DZikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.4.AItapologizedtoitscustomers.BItwasforcedtokillitsbees.CItlost

5、ahugestockofbees.DItlost2.5milliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.AItstayedintheairforabouttwohours.BIttookoffandlandedonafootballfield.CItprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.DItmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.6.AEngineeringproblems.BTheairpollutionitproduced.CInadequatefu

6、nding.DTheoppositionfromthemilitary.7.AItusesthelatestaviationtechnology.BItfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.CItisasafermeansoftransportation.DItismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconv

7、ersationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.AItseemsadepressingtopic.BItsoundsquitea

8、larming.CIthaslittleimpactonourdailylife.DItisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.9.AThemandoesntunderstandSpanish.BThewomandoesntreallylikedancing.CTheydontwantsomethingtoonoisy.DTheycantmakeittothetheatreintime.10.AItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.BIthastoomanyactstoholdtheaudiencesattention.CIt

9、isthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.DItisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.11.AWatchacomedy.BGoandseethedance.CBooktheticketsonline.DSeeafilmwiththeman.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.AMostofherschoolmatesareyoungerthansheis.BShesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.C

10、Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.DSheworriesshewontfitinasatransferstudent.13.ASeekadvicefromseniorstudents.BPickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.CParticipateinafter-schoolactivities.DLookintowhattheschooloffers.14.AGiveherhelpwheneversheneedsit.BAcceptherasatransferstudent.CFindheraccommodationonca

11、mpus.DIntroducehertoherroommates.15.AShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lees.BShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.CShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.DShehasjusttransferredtothecollege.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassagean

12、dthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.AToinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.BTofi

13、ndoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.CTodiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.DTodeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.17.AWhentheyarehungry.BWhentheyarethirsty.CWhentheysmellfood.DWhentheywantcompany.18.ATheysearchforfoodingroups.BTheyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.CTheyprefertobewithothermice.DTheyenjoythecomp

14、anyofotheranimals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.AItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.BItsconstructioncostmorethan$ 40billion.CItisefficientlyusedfortransport.DItisoneofthebestintheworld.20.AToimprovetransportationinthecountryside.BTomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.CToena

15、blepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.DTospeedupthetransportationofgoods.21.AInthe1970s.BInthe1960s.CInthe1950s.DInthe1940s.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.AChattingwhiledriving.BMessagingwhiledriving.CDrivingunderage.DSpeedingonhighways.23.AAgadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.BAg

16、adgettochargethephoneinacar.CAdevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.DAdevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.24.AThecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.BThecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.CTheyarealertedwithalightandasound.DTheygetawarningontheirsmartphone.25.AInstallingacamera.BUsingaconnectedapp.CCheckingtheir

17、emails.DKeepingadailyrecordPartReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewith10blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyalette

18、r.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company ins

19、ide. When the tower was first _26_ in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was _27_ . During this renovation the buildings owners, CIS, _28_ the solar panel c

20、ompany, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europes largest _29_ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large _30_ has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been do

21、ne before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the 10 best green energy projects. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _31_ overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this arent _32_ cost-efficient for the investor,

22、 but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy _33_ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get _34_ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasnt a race of _

23、35_ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A) cheaperBcleanerCcollectionDcompetedEconstructedFconsultedG) dimensionHdiscoveredIeventuallyJheightKnecessarilyLproductionMrangeNscaleOundertakenSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstateme

24、ntcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their Ho

25、meworkA Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances thats replacingand sometimes joiningexpensive textbooks: pricey online access c

26、odes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B The codeswhich typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per coursegive students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook

27、 publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.C But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos of the textbook business, and are even harder for student

28、s to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly , a new way to lock students around this system, said Ethan

29、Senack, the higher education advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. Rather than $250 youre paying $ 120, said Senack. But because its all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code,

30、it eliminates any ability to opt out.E Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma when she first started college in 2015pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect,

31、a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.F She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck

32、, which was typically $ 150- $ 200, to pay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. Its a balancing act, she said. Can I really afford these access codes now? She didnt hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a fail

33、ing grade.G The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, theyre the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company s

34、aid that 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 was derived from digital products.H A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that digital materials are less expensive and a good investment that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital cour

35、se materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didnt respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that in higher education, the era of the printed textbook is now over.I The textbook indus

36、try insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. These digital products arent just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features, David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed N

37、ews. It helps students understand in a way that you cant do with print homework assignments.J David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility o

38、f using systems that require access codes. But he doesnt require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. I try to make things as inexpensive as possible, said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. The onlin

39、e systems may make my life a lot easier but I feel like Im giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefit the students most.K A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In on

40、e case, the professor didnt require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $ 900 on access codes to books and programs. Thats two months of rent, she said. You cant sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $ 30 -

41、$ 50 and that helps to pay for your new semesters books. With an access code, youre out of that money. L Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that its ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these a

42、ccess codes to do our homework. Many of the access codes hes purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. Often its only 10% of your grade in class. he said. Youre paying so much money for something that hardly affects your gradebut if you didnt have it, it would affect your

43、grades enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C. Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M Harper, a poultry science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economic

44、s and statistics textbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which cant be rented or bought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.N She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. We dont really have

45、a missed assignment policy, she said. If you miss it, you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at their grades, its not fun.36. A students yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for t

46、wo months.37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit their assignments.39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40. Many

47、 traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business.41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the high tuition.42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the

48、price of traditional printed books according to a publisher.43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertise for their students.45. Digital access codes

49、 are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAns

50、werSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia increases with age. But if you have memory slips,

51、you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, its quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages

52、 just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name

53、of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or dont remember even seeing it, thats far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, thats a red flag that something more serious may be involved. Forgett

54、ing how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend youve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldnt panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory los

55、s, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issue

56、s that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brains cognitive reserve, Daffner says.Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways, he says. In other words, keep your brain bu

57、sy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.46.Why does the author say that one neednt be concerned about memory slips?A.Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B.They occur only among certain groups of people.C.Not all of them are related to ones age.D

58、.They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47.What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A.Our interaction skills deteriorate. B.Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C.Communication within our brain weakens.D.Our whole brain starts shrinking.48.Which memory-related symptom should

59、people take seriously?A.Totally forgetting how to do ones daily routines.B.Inability to recall details of ones life experiences.C.Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D.Occasionally confusing the addresses of ones friends.49.What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A.Check the brains cognitive reserve. B.Stop medications affecting memory. C.Turn