北京语言大学21秋《汉语写作》复习考核试题库答案参考套卷8

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1、北京语言大学21秋汉语写作复习考核试题库答案参考1. 没有创新性的文章不成其为科研论文，“创造性”是教学论文的价值所在。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B2. 标题、开头、结尾、段落、行文线索等可称为文章的内部结构。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A3. 语言的特点有( )A.情感性B.语体性C.语境性D.风格性参考答案：BCD4. 常见的过渡形式有( )A.过渡段B.过渡句C.关联词语D.没有任何标示参考答案：AB5. 以下属于审美类文体的是( )。A.诗歌B.散文C.小说D.戏剧参考答案：ABCD6. The official made _ clear that everything sh

2、ould be done to solve the problem Ait Bthis CThe official made _ clear that everything should be done to solve the problemAitBthisCthat DhimAit作形式宾语。7. When you come to Wuhan, I can put you _ for the night. A) down B) up C) in D) oWhen you come to Wuhan, I can put you _ for the night.A) downB) upC)

3、inD) outBput up“提供食宿”；put down“记下，放下”；put in“驶进”；put out“熄灭”。8. 一篇好的通讯，须将叙述、描写、议论、抒情等多种表达方式综合起来，灵活运用，方能生动、形象、真切地予以表现。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B9. The conference _ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success. A) holding B) beingThe conference _ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success.A) ho

4、ldingB) being heldC) to holdD) to be holdD由句中的时间状语next week可知此处应用表将来的结构，且应用被动结构，故可以首先排除A、C两项。B项being held表示“正在进行的事情”，故不正确。10. The scientist played an important part in developing his countrys nuclear power ( ).AThe scientist played an important part in developing his countrys nuclear power ( ).A.pro

5、cessB.profileC.programD.progress答案：C11. ( ) by bus is slow and difficult in some districts.A.TravelB.JourneyC.Trip正确答案：A12. Over the years, there have been plenty of proposals to_prosperity.Abring backBpickOver the years, there have been plenty of proposals to_prosperity.Abring backBpick outCmake ou

6、tDact on正确答案：A13. 英语教学中如何科学、合理地设置课堂教学目标?参考答案：教学目标制定的原则是以学生为主体。学生是整个教学活动的主体，忽视学生的存在，教学就失去了意义。教学目标制定应围绕学生的学习来进行，为了学生的发展是出发点，考虑学生的实际需要是根本，学生的原有水平和最近发展区是依据。第一个依据是英语课程目标。即国家教委统一规定的以文件的形式颁布的教育目标。这是由英语学科的性质决定的，是社会发展、学生的自身发展需要赋予英语学科的神圣使命。实现这一目标，学生需在英语知识、能力、学习方法习惯、智力、思维品质等五个方面有发展，因此学习目标主要包括五个方面的内容：知识目标、能力目标、

7、方法习惯目标、智力目标、思想品质目标等。这些目标的实现不能一蹴而就，它需要通过英语教学一步一步走向课程目标，这之间还需要一个循环往复的过程，需将目标分解成不同阶段更为具体的阶段目标，如学期目标、专题目标、课堂目标。第二个依据是学情。教师要制定的目标是学生本阶段的英语学习要达到的英语认知结构方面的变化，学生原有的认知结构以及学生在认知结构上可能发生的变化是目标制定的依据，因此教师充分了解学生，了解学生的需要、原有能力水平、原有知识储备、最近发展区等要素，在此基础上制定出合理切实可行的教学目标。只有符合学情的目标才是科学的目标。加涅说，学习需要条件，教学设计就是为了学而设计的。第三个依据是学生英语

8、能力培养的科学途径。根据英语课程目标的要求，通过英语学习，学生应在知识、能力、智力、思想品质和方法习惯等方面有发展，而实际上，作为英语课程，学生英语应用能力的提高才是其根本任务，是其他课程所不能代替的。14. There_a big table and a great many chairs in the room.AisBareCwereDhave beenThere_a big table and a great many chairs in the room.AisBareCwereDhave been正确答案：A15. 新闻文体中，使用频率最高，使用数量最多的是( )。A.消息B.自我

9、性C.特写D.报告文学参考答案：A16. 下列属于巴金的散文作品的是( )。A.日出B.小说C.小狗包弟D.拣麦穗参考答案：C17. 决定根据表达内容和作用分为( )。A.宣告性决定B.材料的具体性C.奖惩性决定D.撤销性决定参考答案：ABCD18. When sugar _ enough, a black substance appears. Aheats Bis heated Cwill heat DWhen sugar _ enough, a black substance appears.AheatsBis heatedCwill heatDwill be heatedB19. 教案必

10、须适应学生的认知规律和知识与能力的生成转化规律，事实确凿，表述清楚直白。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B20. 文章选取新的切入角度，常常会带来新的视野，开掘出新的主题内涵。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B21. By the time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour. Aalready waitedBy the time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour.Aalready waitedBhad already waitedChave alrea

11、dy waitedDwere already waitingB22. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable toAsitBsit onCbe satDThe chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable toAsitBsit onCbe satDbe sat on正确答案：B23. 散文区别于小说、戏剧的很重要的标志在于散文是一种( )。A.向内的抒情文体B.情节C.向内的叙事文体D.向外的叙事文体参考答案：A24. 教案是向学

12、生传授科学知识的重要途径，因而，它自身的科学性显得尤为突出和重要。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B25. Take Toshiba,Take the world.Take Toshiba,Take the world.东芝在手，世界在握。这是东芝笔记本电脑的一则广告。为了使译文在效能上达到和原文的对等，译者使用了汉语的四字格结构，言简意赅。26. You are likely to be attacked if you _.Akeep after a flying targetBhit a flying sauYou are likely to be attacked if you _.Ak

13、eep after a flying targetBhit a flying saucerCfire straight at a missleDkeep chasing the enemys tanks正确答案：A27. 广告的“3B”创意原则不包括( )。A.美女BeautyB.通讯C.动物BeastD.身体Body参考答案：D28. 获取材料的主要方式有( )A.观察B.体验C.调查D.检索参考答案：ABCD29. 悬念式导语是指这种方式的特点是激发读者的阅读兴趣，增强可读性。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B30. 教案的编写，内容的准确是第一位的。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B31

14、. Its a challenging job but a rewarding one.A.easy and quickB.light and profitableC.usefIts a challenging job but a rewarding one.A.easy and quickB.light and profitableC.useful or beneficialD.hard or slow答案：B32. 政论的特征主要表现在：强烈的政治性、鲜明的针对性、一定的时效性。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B33. Please let us know the premium at w

15、hich breakage is _ by the insurers on your side (coverable,Please let us know the premium at which breakage is _ by the insurers on your side (coverable, coverage)coverable34. In the _ of damage, to be surveyed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai. AevenIn the _ of damage, to be survey

16、ed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai.AevenBevidentCevidenceDeventD35. 消息标题是否精彩，间接关系到能否激发读者的阅读欲望。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A36. English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed.English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed.参考答案：T37

17、. 写作过程四要素中的写作受体就是( )。A.作者B.真人真事，真情实感C.作品D.读者参考答案：D38. The Ocean is more_than 4,000 miles.AwiderBwidestCwideDin wideThe Ocean is more_than 4,000 miles.AwiderBwidestCwideDin wide正确答案：C39. 文章结构包括几组基本要素和概念处在同一层面上。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A40. 既有事实内容的广度又有事实内容的深度是深度报道的特性。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B41. He met the old profess

18、or _ times on the way to school. Adozen Bdozen of CdozensHe met the old professor _ times on the way to school.AdozenBdozen ofCdozensDdozens ofD42. The ( )scheme is destined to fail from the very beginning.A.foolishB.foolC.fooledD.follyThe ( )scheme is destined to fail from the very beginning.A.fool

19、ishB.foolC.fooledD.folly答案：C43. 敬启者： 本公司曾经担任多家厂家的独家代理。我们专营精制棉织品，包括各类家用亚麻制品，行销中东。与贵公司敬启者：本公司曾经担任多家厂家的独家代理。我们专营精制棉织品，包括各类家用亚麻制品，行销中东。与贵公司一向有事务联系，互利合作。贵公司纺织部亦十分了解有关事务合作的情况。关于我方的信息，可向他们查询。为了促进产品在巴林的销售，我们愿意做贵方在此地的独家代理。您忠诚的Dear Sirs, We would like to inform you that we act on a sole agency basis for a num

20、ber of manufactures. We specialize in finished cotton goods for the Middle Eastern marketOur activities cover all types of household linen. Until now, we have been working with your textiles department and our collaboration has proved to be mutually beneficialPlease refer to them for any information

21、 regarding our company. We are very interested in an exclusive arrangement with your factory for the promotion of your products in Bahrain. We look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, 44. 叙述的要求主要包括哪几个方面?( )A.分头叙述，统一总结B.显示式C.有主有次，详略得当D.生动引人，富于变化参考答案：BCD45. 内容的完整表达，是保证段意单一的必要条件。( )A.错误B.正确参考

22、答案：B46. There are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access theWoThere are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access theWorld Wide Web, two of the most popular being Netscape Navigator and Microsoft sInternet Explorer.参考答案有一些叫做网络浏览器的应用软件，使用它能够很容易

23、的访问万维网，其中两个较流行的是Netscape Navigato和 Microsofts nInternet Explorer.47. _ him tell a lie since we became good friends. A) I never heard B) I have heard nev_ him tell a lie since we became good friends.A) I never heardB) I have heard neverC) Never have I heardD) Never I have heardC否定副词Never位于句首，句子部分倒装，需

24、要加完成时助动词have。48. Bill of Exchange The majority of international payments are made by way of bills of exchange eitheBill of ExchangeThe majority of international payments are made by way of bills of exchange either with or without a documentary credit. There are five parties to a bill of exchange : d

25、rawer, drawee, payee, acceptor and endorser.The drawer is the person who draws the bill and the drawee is the person( or firm) on whom the bill is drawn. The payee is the person or firm to whom the bill is payable and it is most frequently the drawer. The acceptor is the person who undertakes to pay

26、 the bill by writing his acceptance across the face of the bill. An acceptance is a legal undertaking to pay the amount of the bill. An endorser is a person who endorses a bill by signing his name on it(usually on the back).A bill is negotiated when it is transferred from one person to another in su

27、ch a way as toconstitute the transferee , the holder of the bill. A bearer bill is one that can be passed on by mere delivery. It is one that has been made out X days after date pay the bearer,etc. or one made out to a fictitious payee , or one which has been endorsed in blank,i. e. the last endorse

28、r has not given any instructions but merely signed his name. A bearer bill does not need to be endorsed by those who negotiate it , but to some extent it is less reliable than a bill with many endorsements. Bills which are not bearer bills are negotiated by endorsement and delivery. Those endorsing

29、a bill as agents or representatives of a company can make this clear so that they are not personally liable.When a bill is presented for acceptance, the drawee should accept it, if he refuses to do so, claiming perhaps that he has not authorized the bill to be drawn and knows nothing about it, the b

30、ill is dishonored by non-acceptance. If a bill is presented for payment on the due date,and the acceptor refuses to pay it,then the bill is dishonored by non-payment. It is now necessary for the holder to take certain action to protect himself. He must give notice of dishonor to the drawer and all o

31、ther endorsers of the bill. In practice he usuaUy gives notice of the dishonor to the person from whom he obtained the bill , whogives notice to the person from whom he obtained it and the bill moves backwards towards the drawer. The process could be short-circuited if certain of the endorsers were

32、famous names, for example accepting houses, whocouldeasily beapproacheddirectly to honor the bill. Eventually the drawer must honor it, and he will bring an action against the acceptor. If it is a foreign bill, he must protest the bill, to safeguard his rights against the drawer and endorsers. There

33、 are two ways of obtaining formal evidence of the dishonor of the bill. The first is called notingthe bill. The holder asks a notary public to re-present the bill. This official,when refused either acceptance or payment as the case may be,then writes on the face of the bill that it was dishonored. T

34、he noteconstitutes formal evidence of dishonor , so it is necessary to use the bill as evidence in court. With foreign bills a more formal process called protesting , is carried out. The notary public re-presents the bill, and if it is dishonored he draws up a formal certificate of dishonor,the prot

35、est. The protest must contain a copy of the boill,and be signed by the notary making it. It must then specify the person at whose request the bill is being protested, the place and date of protest, the cause or reason for protesting the bill,the demand made and the answer given, or the fact that the

36、 drawee or acceptor could not be found. Protest will usually be done on the day of dishonor,but if there is good reason why this is not possible, it must be done with reasonable diligence after the delay has occurred. This might arise where the bill was presented by post and returned dishonored by p

37、ost.The legal consequences of dishonor may be listed as follows :(a) The protesting of a foreign bill secures the position of the holder against all previous endorsers and the drawer. They become liable to compensate the holder for the loss he has suffered.(b)ln practice the holder will turn to the

38、person from whom he obtained the bill and will be put in funds by that person. That person then tums to his endorser and so on.It might appear that a break in the chain could develop in the case of a bearer bill, because the bill is transferred by mere delivery and the transferor by delivery does no

39、t put his name on the bill. Although a person who transfers by delivery is not liable on the bill to the whole world , he is liable to his immediate transferee , because he warrants that the bill is what is purports to be , that he has right to transfer it , and that at the time of transferring it h

40、e knew of no fact rendering it valueless.(c) Eventually the bill reaches the drawer who honors it and turns to the acceptor. They may agree to renew the bill with suitable arrangements on interest if the acceptors difficulties are purely temporary. If this is not agreeable, the drawer may begin an a

41、ction which will end in judgment for the drawer, possibly in distraint on the assets of the acceptor,or even in his bankruptcy.Sometimes bills are clausedwith phrases which require the drawee to pay more than the actual value of the bill. There are three chief reasons why these were introduced over

42、the years. First , the aim was to throw the burden of any exchange risk on to the foreign drawee. Second,it was to enable the drawer to provide for the payment of interest by the drawee,in order to compensate the drawer for the time taken for the drawees payment to reach him. Third, a clause was oft

43、en helpful in permitting the banker to act as an arbiter in deciding what rate of exchange to use when the drawee paid in local currency.When the exporters and importers have been trading with one another for some time and have built up a satisfactory trading relationship, they may decide to dispens

44、e with documentary credits and rely solely on documentary bills as a means of payment. This means that the exporter will ship his goods and attach the documents relating to the consignment to the bill of exchange, which he draws on the importer. The bill and documents are then sent through the expor

45、ters bank to the importers bank (or another bank in the importers country) for acceptance and/or payment. If they decide to trade on the basis of a clean bill of exchange then, the exporter will send the documents directly to the importer. The exporter loses control over the documents once he has pa

46、rted with them and must rely upon the good faith of the importer for ultimate acceptance and payment of the bill.A bill of exchange is a useful device not only as a means of settlement but also,if it is a usance bill as a means of obtaining credit. An exporter, having drawn a usance bill on his buye

47、r,may obtain funds immediately by negotiating the bill or by borrowing from his bank against the bill that is sent for collection. The importer has the usance of the bill as a period of credit and may be able to resell the goods and obtain the proceeds before the maturity date of the bill. The bill

48、is also useful as evidence of a debt , which can be used in a court of law.When a biU of exchange is drawn under a documentary credit the drawer is assured of acceptance and payment by the issuing bank provided that he has fulfilled all the terms and conditions of the credit. No such assurance exist

49、s without a documentary credit, however , and therefore not to trade on a documentary bill basis is much more risky from the point of view of the exporter. Nevertheless, as the documents are channeled through the banking system with instructions that they should be handed over to the importer only a

50、gainst acceptance or payment of the bill, the system obviously does offer more protection than trading on the basis of clean bills of exchange.If the exporter asks his bank to collect a documentary bill on his behalf, he instructs the bank to release the documents against acceptance of the bill, the

51、 bill is known as a D/ A bill. If the documents are to be released only against payment the bill is a D/P bill. While a sight bill is drawn the documents will be handed over only against payment, but for the majority of usance bills the instruction to the bank is to release the documents against acc

52、eptanceof thebill. Insomecountries, particularlyintheFar East, the documents may not be handed over until payment, even if the exporter wishes them to be released against acceptance. This encourages the importer to pay the bill before maturity. In some countries, it is possible for the importer lega

53、lly to demand the documents upon acceptance of the bill, even though the exporters instructions are for documents against payment. The drawee of a bill is entitled to inspect the documents. If the bill is a D/P bill, the drawee is usually allowed to respect them at the bank.The process of discountin

54、g a foreign bill of exchange is called negotiation. The procedure is similar to that of discounting a domestic bill,in that the banker buys the bill and hands over the face value of it less discount,but there are some differences. Unlike a domestic bill,the bill will probably not have been accepted

55、and may be either a sight bill or a usance bill. Indeed there may not be a bill at all as the documents may be negotiated on their own ones. When a bank negotiates a bill,it in effect buys it and then sends it for collection in its own right. However, it usually requires the exporter to sign a form

56、undertaking to recompense the bank in the event of the bill being unpaid.The amount of interest charged by a bank on a negotiation is calculated on the period between the date of negotiation and the date on which the bank receives the proceeds , and will include the time in getting the bill presente

57、d for acceptance , for it is only then that the usance of most bills begins to become effective.Another expense that will be deducted by the negotiating bank will be the postal charges andstamp duty ,if any, plusa commission.Questions for reading :There are five parties to a bill of exchange: drawer

58、, drawee, payee, acceptor and endorser.$A bearer bill is one that can be passed on by mere delivery.$When a bill is presented for acceptance, if the drawee refuses to accept it, the bill is dishonored by non-acceptance. If a bill is presented for payment on the due date, and the acceptor refuses to

59、pay it, then the bill is dishonored by non-payment.$He must give notice of dishonor to the drawer and all other endorsers of the bill. If it is a foreign bill, he must protest the bill, to safeguard his rights against the drawer and endorsers.$The protesting of a foreign bill secures the position of

60、 the holder against all previous endorsers and the drawer. They become liable to compensate the holder for the loss he has suffered. In practice the holder will turn to the person from whom he obtained the bill and will be put in funds by that person. That person then turns to his endorser and so on

61、.$A bill of exchange is a useful device not only as a means of settlement but also, if it is a usance bill as a means of obtaining credit. The bill is also useful as evidence of a debt, which can be used in a court of law.49. 小麦用新麻袋包装，每袋装100公斤，袋重1.5公斤。小麦用新麻袋包装，每袋装100公斤，袋重1.5公斤。The wheat is to be packed in new gunny bags of 100 kg and each bag weighs about 1.5 kg.50. _ the friendship between our two peoples last forever!ACouldBMayCWouldDMust_ the friendship between our two peoples last forever!ACouldBMayCWouldDMust正确答案：B