北京语言大学21秋《汉语写作》在线作业二答案参考61

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1、北京语言大学21秋汉语写作在线作业二答案参考1. How long does the bus _? A. take, takes B. takes, take C. takes, takes-How long does the bus _?A. take, takesB. takes, takeC. takes, takes参考答案A2. Owning an automobile ( ) greater expense than he had expected.A. was resulted fromB. reOwning an automobile ( ) greater expense t

2、han he had expected.A. was resulted fromB. resulted inC. was caused byD. contributed to参考答案：B3. 【C14】Ain no timeBat no timeCall the timeDat one time【C14】Ain no timeBat no timeCall the timeDat one time正确答案：A选项A意为“立刻”；选项B意为“从来没有，决不”；选项C意为“始终，总是”；选项D意为“同时，曾经”。因此只有选项A正确。这四个词组均来自time，请注意它们的区别。4. 关于积聚的说法不

3、正确的是( )。A.积聚分为一般积聚、专门积聚和综合积聚三种B.立意C.学写作者必先学积聚D.积聚为精选内容、表达意图提供了有力的保证参考答案：A5. Can you express _ in English? Ayourself Byou Cyours Dyours&39;Can you express _ in English?AyourselfByouCyours DyoursA6. Bill of Exchange The majority of international payments are made by way of bills of exchange eitheBill

4、of ExchangeThe majority of international payments are made by way of bills of exchange either with or without a documentary credit. There are five parties to a bill of exchange : drawer, drawee, payee, acceptor and endorser.The drawer is the person who draws the bill and the drawee is the person( or

5、 firm) on whom the bill is drawn. The payee is the person or firm to whom the bill is payable and it is most frequently the drawer. The acceptor is the person who undertakes to pay the bill by writing his acceptance across the face of the bill. An acceptance is a legal undertaking to pay the amount

6、of the bill. An endorser is a person who endorses a bill by signing his name on it(usually on the back).A bill is negotiated when it is transferred from one person to another in such a way as toconstitute the transferee , the holder of the bill. A bearer bill is one that can be passed on by mere del

7、ivery. It is one that has been made out X days after date pay the bearer,etc. or one made out to a fictitious payee , or one which has been endorsed in blank,i. e. the last endorser has not given any instructions but merely signed his name. A bearer bill does not need to be endorsed by those who neg

8、otiate it , but to some extent it is less reliable than a bill with many endorsements. Bills which are not bearer bills are negotiated by endorsement and delivery. Those endorsing a bill as agents or representatives of a company can make this clear so that they are not personally liable.When a bill

9、is presented for acceptance, the drawee should accept it, if he refuses to do so, claiming perhaps that he has not authorized the bill to be drawn and knows nothing about it, the bill is dishonored by non-acceptance. If a bill is presented for payment on the due date,and the acceptor refuses to pay

10、it,then the bill is dishonored by non-payment. It is now necessary for the holder to take certain action to protect himself. He must give notice of dishonor to the drawer and all other endorsers of the bill. In practice he usuaUy gives notice of the dishonor to the person from whom he obtained the b

11、ill , whogives notice to the person from whom he obtained it and the bill moves backwards towards the drawer. The process could be short-circuited if certain of the endorsers were famous names, for example accepting houses, whocouldeasily beapproacheddirectly to honor the bill. Eventually the drawer

12、 must honor it, and he will bring an action against the acceptor. If it is a foreign bill, he must protest the bill, to safeguard his rights against the drawer and endorsers. There are two ways of obtaining formal evidence of the dishonor of the bill. The first is called notingthe bill. The holder a

13、sks a notary public to re-present the bill. This official,when refused either acceptance or payment as the case may be,then writes on the face of the bill that it was dishonored. The noteconstitutes formal evidence of dishonor , so it is necessary to use the bill as evidence in court. With foreign b

14、ills a more formal process called protesting , is carried out. The notary public re-presents the bill, and if it is dishonored he draws up a formal certificate of dishonor,the protest. The protest must contain a copy of the boill,and be signed by the notary making it. It must then specify the person

15、 at whose request the bill is being protested, the place and date of protest, the cause or reason for protesting the bill,the demand made and the answer given, or the fact that the drawee or acceptor could not be found. Protest will usually be done on the day of dishonor,but if there is good reason

16、why this is not possible, it must be done with reasonable diligence after the delay has occurred. This might arise where the bill was presented by post and returned dishonored by post.The legal consequences of dishonor may be listed as follows :(a) The protesting of a foreign bill secures the positi

17、on of the holder against all previous endorsers and the drawer. They become liable to compensate the holder for the loss he has suffered.(b)ln practice the holder will turn to the person from whom he obtained the bill and will be put in funds by that person. That person then tums to his endorser and

18、 so on.It might appear that a break in the chain could develop in the case of a bearer bill, because the bill is transferred by mere delivery and the transferor by delivery does not put his name on the bill. Although a person who transfers by delivery is not liable on the bill to the whole world , h

19、e is liable to his immediate transferee , because he warrants that the bill is what is purports to be , that he has right to transfer it , and that at the time of transferring it he knew of no fact rendering it valueless.(c) Eventually the bill reaches the drawer who honors it and turns to the accep

20、tor. They may agree to renew the bill with suitable arrangements on interest if the acceptors difficulties are purely temporary. If this is not agreeable, the drawer may begin an action which will end in judgment for the drawer, possibly in distraint on the assets of the acceptor,or even in his bank

21、ruptcy.Sometimes bills are clausedwith phrases which require the drawee to pay more than the actual value of the bill. There are three chief reasons why these were introduced over the years. First , the aim was to throw the burden of any exchange risk on to the foreign drawee. Second,it was to enabl

22、e the drawer to provide for the payment of interest by the drawee,in order to compensate the drawer for the time taken for the drawees payment to reach him. Third, a clause was often helpful in permitting the banker to act as an arbiter in deciding what rate of exchange to use when the drawee paid i

23、n local currency.When the exporters and importers have been trading with one another for some time and have built up a satisfactory trading relationship, they may decide to dispense with documentary credits and rely solely on documentary bills as a means of payment. This means that the exporter will

24、 ship his goods and attach the documents relating to the consignment to the bill of exchange, which he draws on the importer. The bill and documents are then sent through the exporters bank to the importers bank (or another bank in the importers country) for acceptance and/or payment. If they decide

25、 to trade on the basis of a clean bill of exchange then, the exporter will send the documents directly to the importer. The exporter loses control over the documents once he has parted with them and must rely upon the good faith of the importer for ultimate acceptance and payment of the bill.A bill

26、of exchange is a useful device not only as a means of settlement but also,if it is a usance bill as a means of obtaining credit. An exporter, having drawn a usance bill on his buyer,may obtain funds immediately by negotiating the bill or by borrowing from his bank against the bill that is sent for c

27、ollection. The importer has the usance of the bill as a period of credit and may be able to resell the goods and obtain the proceeds before the maturity date of the bill. The bill is also useful as evidence of a debt , which can be used in a court of law.When a biU of exchange is drawn under a docum

28、entary credit the drawer is assured of acceptance and payment by the issuing bank provided that he has fulfilled all the terms and conditions of the credit. No such assurance exists without a documentary credit, however , and therefore not to trade on a documentary bill basis is much more risky from

29、 the point of view of the exporter. Nevertheless, as the documents are channeled through the banking system with instructions that they should be handed over to the importer only against acceptance or payment of the bill, the system obviously does offer more protection than trading on the basis of c

30、lean bills of exchange.If the exporter asks his bank to collect a documentary bill on his behalf, he instructs the bank to release the documents against acceptance of the bill, the bill is known as a D/ A bill. If the documents are to be released only against payment the bill is a D/P bill. While a

31、sight bill is drawn the documents will be handed over only against payment, but for the majority of usance bills the instruction to the bank is to release the documents against acceptanceof thebill. Insomecountries, particularlyintheFar East, the documents may not be handed over until payment, even

32、if the exporter wishes them to be released against acceptance. This encourages the importer to pay the bill before maturity. In some countries, it is possible for the importer legally to demand the documents upon acceptance of the bill, even though the exporters instructions are for documents agains

33、t payment. The drawee of a bill is entitled to inspect the documents. If the bill is a D/P bill, the drawee is usually allowed to respect them at the bank.The process of discounting a foreign bill of exchange is called negotiation. The procedure is similar to that of discounting a domestic bill,in t

34、hat the banker buys the bill and hands over the face value of it less discount,but there are some differences. Unlike a domestic bill,the bill will probably not have been accepted and may be either a sight bill or a usance bill. Indeed there may not be a bill at all as the documents may be negotiate

35、d on their own ones. When a bank negotiates a bill,it in effect buys it and then sends it for collection in its own right. However, it usually requires the exporter to sign a form undertaking to recompense the bank in the event of the bill being unpaid.The amount of interest charged by a bank on a n

36、egotiation is calculated on the period between the date of negotiation and the date on which the bank receives the proceeds , and will include the time in getting the bill presented for acceptance , for it is only then that the usance of most bills begins to become effective.Another expense that wil

37、l be deducted by the negotiating bank will be the postal charges andstamp duty ,if any, plusa commission.Questions for reading :There are five parties to a bill of exchange: drawer, drawee, payee, acceptor and endorser.$A bearer bill is one that can be passed on by mere delivery.$When a bill is pres

38、ented for acceptance, if the drawee refuses to accept it, the bill is dishonored by non-acceptance. If a bill is presented for payment on the due date, and the acceptor refuses to pay it, then the bill is dishonored by non-payment.$He must give notice of dishonor to the drawer and all other endorser

39、s of the bill. If it is a foreign bill, he must protest the bill, to safeguard his rights against the drawer and endorsers.$The protesting of a foreign bill secures the position of the holder against all previous endorsers and the drawer. They become liable to compensate the holder for the loss he h

40、as suffered. In practice the holder will turn to the person from whom he obtained the bill and will be put in funds by that person. That person then turns to his endorser and so on.$A bill of exchange is a useful device not only as a means of settlement but also, if it is a usance bill as a means of

41、 obtaining credit. The bill is also useful as evidence of a debt, which can be used in a court of law.7. 鲁迅的一件小事采用的叙述方式是( )。A.顺叙B.材料C.插叙D.平叙参考答案：A8. 体验者要想寻找、看见、捕捉、发现属于自己的东西，仅仅沉在生活底层，和对象打成一片并获得某种思想或感情的认同就足够了。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A9. Stop Using Disposal Products 写作要点： 1人们喜欢用一次性产品。 2这种做法带来的害处。 3Stop Using D

42、isposal Products 写作要点： 1人们喜欢用一次性产品。 2这种做法带来的害处。 3措施。正确答案：Disposal products are gaining increasing popularity in China. Now they practically become part of our life: We have disposal chopsticks disposal cups disposal clothes disposal cameras. Indeed we are in throw-away society.rn However the wide us

43、e of the so-called convenience goods is extremely harmful in many ways. In the first place though man has achieved an unprecedented level of production our available resources are on the decline. If this trend continues the limited resources on earth will be exhausted soon. Furthermore disposal prod

44、ucts cause serious pollution in our environment which is already threatened by our unhealthy life styles. It is reported that many scenic spots are losing their appeal because of white pollution caused by numerous plastic rice-boxes. Finally people are getting more extravagant than thrifty which is

45、harmful to our social atmosphere. In fact in many developed countries disposal good are banned.rn More strict measures should be taken to prevent disposal products from widely using. People should be further educated to increase their awareness of conservation. Laws must be executed to ban the use.

46、Most importantly new technology must be used to produce more recycle products.DisposalproductsaregainingincreasingpopularityinChina.Nowtheypracticallybecomepartofourlife:Wehavedisposalchopsticks,disposalcups,disposalclothes,disposalcameras.Indeedweareinthrow-awaysociety.However,thewideuseoftheso-cal

47、ledconveniencegoodsisextremelyharmfulinmanyways.Inthefirstplace,thoughmanhasachievedanunprecedentedlevelofproduction,ouravailableresourcesareonthedecline.Ifthistrendcontinues,thelimitedresourcesonearthwillbeexhaustedsoon.Furthermore,disposalproductscauseseriouspollutioninourenvironmentwhichisalready

48、threatenedbyourunhealthylifestyles.Itisreportedthatmanyscenicspotsarelosingtheirappealbecauseofwhitepollutioncausedbynumerousplasticrice-boxes.Finally,peoplearegettingmoreextravagantthanthrifty,whichisharmfultooursocialatmosphere.Infact,inmanydevelopedcountriesdisposalgoodarebanned.Morestrictmeasure

49、sshouldbetakentopreventdisposalproductsfromwidelyusing.Peopleshouldbefurthereducatedtoincreasetheirawarenessofconservation.Lawsmustbeexecutedtobantheuse.Mostimportantly,newtechnologymustbeusedtoproducemorerecycleproducts.10. The mystery was solved when the police discovered the murder weapon.(英译中)Th

50、e mystery was solved when the police discovered the murder weapon.(英译中)答案：当警察发现谋杀凶器时，谜团被解开了。11. 林纾说“为人重晚节，行文看结穴”，这说是写文章要注意哪个方面?( )A.思想高度B.教育C.整体结构D.语言风格参考答案：B12. 从写作的实质出发，写作具有以下几个特点：( )A.综合性B.艰苦性表明只有辛苦思考才能写出好文章C.创造性D.规范性参考答案：ABCD13. 消息的五个要素是什么?( )A.时间、地点、人物、事件、原因B.通知C.时间、地点、事件、原因、结果D.时间、地点、人物、事件、过程参

51、考答案：A14. “诗歌是想象和激情的语言”这是主张诗歌的( )。A.主情说B.叙事式C.语言结构说D.灵感说参考答案：B15. 调查报告的作用主要有( )。A.如实地反映社会情况B.安排开头、层次和结尾C.及时地反映社会问题D.为报刊提供新闻材料参考答案：ABCD16. 在四种文体中，整体上更讲究技巧性的一种文体是( )。A.诗歌B.字数C.小说D.戏剧参考答案：C17. 导语的写作要求有( )。A.突出最有新闻价值的新闻要素B.意见C.吸引读者往下看D.行文简要生动参考答案：D18. _，all the people in the country should be responsible

52、 for present crisis.A.In a_，all the people in the country should be responsible for present crisis.A.In a certain extentB.To a certain extentC.For a certain extentD .At a certain extent正确答案：B解析：固定搭配：To a certain extent ：在一定程度上19. 运思中确定主题提炼的方向和类型是一个首要问题。它将制约择体、选材和理序。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B20. 外物积聚中的笔写不包括哪种

53、形式?( )A.生活速记B.世界C.读书札记D.录音录像参考答案：D21. 对比式导语是指开始便得出结论，把事件的意义和结果揭示给读者，然后再叙述事实。接着用较大的篇幅叙述了这一世人关注的事件。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A22. He met the old professor _ times on the way to school. Adozen Bdozen of CdozensHe met the old professor _ times on the way to school.AdozenBdozen ofCdozensDdozens ofD23. 我们可以从以下三方面来考

54、察小说的文体特征：( )A.人物B.情节C.环境D.韵律参考答案：ABC24. Anyone seen carrying bags, boxes or (which) _, was stopped by the police.Anyone seen carrying bags, boxes or (which) _, was stopped by the police.whichever25. He stole the laptop. (改为被动语态)He stole the laptop. (改为被动语态)参考答案The laptop was stolen (by him).26. By t

55、he time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour. Aalready waitedBy the time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour.Aalready waitedBhad already waitedChave already waitedDwere already waitingB27. We have just received, the survey report from the Dalian Commodity Inspection

56、Bureau _ the brokWe have just received, the survey report from the Dalian Commodity Inspection Bureau _ the broken bags being due to improper packing, For which the suppliers are definitely responsible.AevidenceBevidencedCevidencingDto evidenceC28. 如要获取材料，观察的条件有( )A.端正观察态度B.运用比较方法C.选好观察点D.加入理性思考参考答案

57、：ABCD29. 错位有哪几种形式?( )A.情节错位B.全面采取与突出重点C.人事错位D.意义错位参考答案：BC30. 文体从语言风格的角度来分，有( )。A.政论文体B.文艺文体C.科学文体D.公文事务文体参考答案：ABCD31. 脉络，指存在于文章内部的血脉与经络。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：B32. Always_ when you _!A、answered, speak toB、answer, are spoken toC、answering, areAlways_ when you _!A、answered, speak toB、answer, are spoken toC、a

58、nswering, are spoken toD、answer , speak to正确答案:B33. 运用插叙、补叙、倒叙等表现方法时往往需要过渡。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B34. 意见可用于上级机关对下级机关，也可以用于下级机关对上级机关，还可以用于平级机关相互行文。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A35. 归纳法(名词解释)参考答案：是指人们以一系列经验事物或知识素材为依据，寻找出其服从的基本规律或共同规律，并假设同类事物中的其他事物也服从这些规律，从而将这些规律作为预测同类事物的其他事物的基本原理一种认知方法。36. 敬启者： 本公司曾经担任多家厂家的独家代理。我们专营精制棉织

59、品，包括各类家用亚麻制品，行销中东。与贵公司敬启者：本公司曾经担任多家厂家的独家代理。我们专营精制棉织品，包括各类家用亚麻制品，行销中东。与贵公司一向有事务联系，互利合作。贵公司纺织部亦十分了解有关事务合作的情况。关于我方的信息，可向他们查询。为了促进产品在巴林的销售，我们愿意做贵方在此地的独家代理。您忠诚的Dear Sirs, We would like to inform you that we act on a sole agency basis for a number of manufactures. We specialize in finished cotton goods fo

60、r the Middle Eastern marketOur activities cover all types of household linen. Until now, we have been working with your textiles department and our collaboration has proved to be mutually beneficialPlease refer to them for any information regarding our company. We are very interested in an exclusive

61、 arrangement with your factory for the promotion of your products in Bahrain. We look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, 37. 请示的特点不包括( )。A.呈请性B.体式和语言是文章的形式C.隶属性D.权威性参考答案：D38. ( ) by bus is slow and difficult in some districts.A.TravelB.JourneyC.Trip正确答案：A39. An Application Letter 写作要点： 1写

62、信的目的。 2自我介绍。 3希望进一步取得联系。An Application Letter 写作要点： 1写信的目的。 2自我介绍。 3希望进一步取得联系。正确答案：Management Department rn Zhengzhou University Zhengzhourn May 28th 2010 rnDear Sirrn I am applying for a junior management position advertised in the Morning Time on November 14. I believe I have the appropriate qualifications and experience for this post.rn I will graduate from Management Department Zhengzhou University. For two years I worked as a part-time desk clerk and now tarn the desk manager at a hotel. This experience has given