ReportDHCP（正式）

《ReportDHCP（正式）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ReportDHCP（正式）（18页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、 Hunan university of Arts and ScienceDigital infrastructure DHCP ReportStudent name:YangNengkangStudent ID:2Class:12101The instructor:Jan_Pan_NeesTime : 05/25/2014Content1 Content12 Introduction23 The assignment34 The theory part44.1 DHCP Features Overview54.2DHCP related presentations54.2.1DHCP Cli

2、ent54.2.2 DHCP server64.2.3DHCP Relay Agent64.2.4DHCP works64.3Installing the DHCP Service74.4 Authorized DHCP server74.5Create IP scope84.6Create a user95 Appendix116 Bibliography18IntroductionThe Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol used to assign IP addresses and provi

3、de configuration information to devices such as servers, desktops, or mobile devices, so they can municate on a network using the Internet Protocol (IP). ISC DHCP is a collection of software that implements all aspects of the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) suite. It includes: A DHCP serv

4、er, which receives clients requests and replies to them. A DHCP client,which can be bundled with the operating system of aclient puter or other IP capable device and which sends configurationrequests to the server. Most devices and operating systems already haveDHCP clients included. A DHCP relay ag

5、ent, which passes DHCP requests from one LAN to another so that there need not be a DHCP server on every LAN.The DHCP server, client and relay agent are provided both as reference implementations of the protocol and as working, fully-featured sample implementations. Both the client and the server pr

6、ovide functionality that, while not strictly required by the protocol, is very useful in practice. The DHCP server also makes allowances for non-pliant clients that need to be supported. The ISC DHCP server will answer requests from any client that plies with the protocol standards, and the ISC DHCP

7、 client can interact with any server that plies with those standards.The assignment1. On a puter with Windows XP operating system software to download and install the virtual machine VMware Workstation V6.5.0.1 (virtual machine)2. Starting the virtual machine has installed the software, and in the v

8、irtual machine software installed on a Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition operating system.3. Starting installed Windows Server 2003 operating system, and configure a DHCP Server in the above detail: (if the phone is not install the DHCP service, you need to install the DHCP service) first steps

9、 are as follows:3.1The IP address of the fixed Windows Server2003, 3.1.According to the requirement of the experiment, do the following Settings, as shown in figure 1.IP address: 192.168.1.1/24Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0The default gateway: 192.168.1.1The preferred DNS server: 192.168.1.1Set the DHCP

10、 serviceInstall the DHCP service, must make the corresponding Settings.For all within the same subnet of the client puter automatically assign IP addresses, first create a IP scope, operation steps are as follows.（1）select the start - all programs - management tools - DHCP option, open the DHCP wind

11、ow, as shown in figure 2.（2）In the left pane, select the DHCP server, select the operation - new scope option, as shown in figure 3.（3）open the new scope wizard dialog box, click the next button to open the domain name dialog box.In the name and description in the text box are respectively the scope

12、 type in a name and descriptive information, as shown in figure 4.（4）click the next button to open the IP address range dialog box, in start IP address and end IP address in the text box type in the IP address range of the experimental requirements.As shown in figure 5.（5） click next button, display

13、 add rule out dialog box, in which specify the IP address of the need to rule out or IP address range.As shown in figure 6.（6） click the next button to open as shown in figure 7 the lease term dialog box, which requires the IP address for a single use time limit specified.Usually dont configuration,

14、 if this server is temporary user configuration, can use time in this limit the IP address.As shown in figure 7.（7）Once you click next button, open as shown in figure 8 configuring the DHCP options dialog box, select now is, I want to configure these options radio button.（8）Being click next button t

15、o display the router (the default gateway) dialog box, in which the input experimental requirements for the client configuration of a router or gateway IP address, as shown in figure 9.（9）click next button to display the domain name and the DNS server dialog box.According to the actual situation, se

16、t up the domain name, as shown in figure 10.（10） click next button, the display is shown in figure 11 activate the scope dialog box.（11） click next button, a new scope, as shown in figure 12.（12）click finish button. Done in Windows Server2003 DHCP server configuration, as shown in figure 13.（13） aft

17、er all set up, use in Windows Server2003 ipconfig/all mand to view the result of the configuration, as shown in figure 14.4seting up Windows XP DHCP client to verify after install the DHCP service and create IP scope, to use DHCP IP address assigned to the client. Experiment I currently in use by yo

18、ur own Windows XP operating system for the client to explain how to configure the DHCP client and verify access to configuration on the virtual machine of Windows Server2003 assigned by the DHCP server IP address. (1) before validation with ipconfig/all mand at the see the XP system configuration, a

19、s shown in figure 15.（2） the right click on the on-line neighbor icon on the desktop, choose properties option in the shortcut menu. As shown in figure 16.（3） open network connections window, right click on the local connection icon. Select properties option in the shortcut menu. （4）open the local c

20、onnection properties dialog box, double-click the Internet protocol (TCP/IP) option, according to Internet protocol (TCP/IP) properties dialog box. Select obtain an IP address automatically radio button, select obtain an IP address automatically and obtain DNS server address automatically as shown i

21、n figure 17.（5） use ipconfig/release order, release the IP address of the current XP, as shown in figure 18.（6） use ipconfig/renew mand, to the current system to obtain the new IP address, can be seen from the figure 19 local connection 2 IP addresses into 192.168.1.7, is set in our Windows Server20

22、03 IP address range, so the experiment a success.（7）Once in the end, once again use ipconfig/all mand to see the machine XP system of IP configuration information, as shown in figure 20.The theory partDHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a local area net

23、work protocol using UDP protocol work has two main purposes: to the internal network or network service provider automatically assigns IP addresses to the user or an internal network administrator as a means to centrally manage all the puters, a detailed description in RFC 2131. DHCP has three ports

24、, which UDP67 and UDP68 as normal DHCP service port, respectively, as a DHCP Server and DHCP Client service port; No. 546 ports for DHCPv6 Client, not for DHCPv4, is DHCP failover service, which is required special open service, DHCP failover is used to make hot standby for.1DHCP Features OverviewDH

25、CP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ) addresses and host configuration parameters provided on the Internet . DHCP is based on Client / Server mode , DHCP server to assign IP addresses need to host and provide host configuration parameters. DHCP has the follow

26、ing features :1 Ensure that any IP address can only be used by a DHCP client at the same time .2. DHCP should be permanently fixed IP address assigned to the user.3. DHCP should be able to use other methods to get the same IP address of the host coexist ( eg manually configure the host IP address )4

27、. DHCP server should provide service to existing BOOTP clients.DHCP assigned IP address has three mechanisms:1) Automatic allocation (Automatic Allocation), DHCP client is assigned to a permanent IP address;2) dynamic allocation (Dynamic Allocation), DHCP client is assigned to a period of time expir

28、ed IP address ( or the client can initiate the release of the address ) ;3) manual configuration (Manual Allocation), specify the IP address to the client by the network administrator. The administrator can specify the IP address to the client via DHCP.Three address allocation, only the dynamic allo

29、cation of reusable address of the client is no longer needed .DHCP message format is based on BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) message format , which requires devices with BOOTP relay agent functionality and the ability to interact with BOOTP clients and DHCP servers. BOOTP relay agent functionality makes

30、 it unnecessary to deploy a DHCP server on each physical network . RFC 951 and RFC 1542 BOOTP in the agreement are described in detail.2DHCP related presentations1.DHCP ClientDHCP client allows the device to automatically obtain an IP address and other configuration parameters from a DHCP server. DH

31、CP clients can bring the following benefits:Reducing device configuration and deployment time .Reduces the possibility of configuration errors .Centralized management device can assign IP addresses .2.DHCP serverDHCP server refers to a period controlled by the server IP address range , you can autom

32、atically get the server assigned IP address and subnet mask when the client logs on the server.3.DHCP Relay AgentDHCPRelay (DHCPR) DHCP relay also called DHCP relay agent. DHCP relay agent that the DHCP server and clientBetween forwards DHCP packets. When a DHCP client and server are not on the same

33、 subnet , you must have a DHCP relay agent to forward DHCP request and response messages. DHCP relay agent forwards the data , with the usual route forwarding is different from the usual route forwarding is relatively transparent transmission equipment generally does not modify the IP packet content

34、. And after the DHCP relay agent receives a DHCP message , re-generate a DHCP message and then forwarded .It seems that the DHCP client , DHCP relay agent as a DHCP server ; seems the DHCP server , DHCP relay agent as a DHCP client .4.DHCP worksThe basic flow of work as DHCP and shown below:DHCP IP

35、address request process is as follows :1 ) The host sends DHCPDISCOVER broadcast packets to find a DHCP server on the network ;2) DHCP server sends to the host DHCPOFFER unicast packets , including IP address, MAC address , domain information, and address lease ;3 ) The host sends DHCPREQUEST broadc

36、ast packet , IP address assignment has provided a formal request to the server ;4) DHCP server sends a DHCPACK unicast packets to the host , the host of the confirmation requestIt should be noted : DHCP client can receive the DHCPOFFER packet multiple DHCP servers , and then may accept any one DHCPO

37、FFER packet , but the client usually accepts only the first DHCPOFFER packet received. In addition , DHCP server DHCPOFFER specified 1 address is not necessarily the final allocation of addresses , usually , DHCP server will retain the address until the client makes a formal request.Formally request

38、ed the DHCP server to assign addresses DHCPREQUEST broadcast packets , is to allow all other packets sent DHCPOFFER DHCP server also can receive the packet, and then release has OFFER ( pre-allocated ) to the client s IP address.If sent to the address of the DHCP client has been another DHCP client

39、, the client sends packets to reject DHCPDECLINE address information has been assigned to the server.In the negotiation process, if the DHCP REQUEST message sent by the client address information is not correct, as the client has moved to a new subnet or lease has expired , DHCP server sends DHCPNAK

40、 message to the DHCP client , so the client re- request process initiated address.5 .deployed DHCP service on a Windows host3Installing the DHCP ServiceIn Windows Server 2003 system, the DHCP service is not installed by default , so you need to install the DHCP service.Step 1 Click the Start button

41、in the Control Panel , double-click Add or Remove Programs icon in the open left side of the window, click the Add / RemoveWindows ponents button, open the Windows ponents Wizard dialog box .Step 2 Locate and check the Network Services check box, and then click the Details button , open the Network

42、Services dialog in the ponents list. Then check the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) in the sub-ponent network services list box , click OK Next button to begin the configuration and installation of DHCP services. Finally, click Finish button to plete the installation .Tip : If you are dep

43、loying a DHCP server in Active Directory ( Active Directory ) domain , also need to be authorized to make the DHCP server to take effect. This example workgroup based network management model , so no operation can be authorized to create IP scope operation.4Authorized DHCP serverAfter installing the

44、 DHCP function can not be directly used , must also be authorized to operate , unauthorized operation of the server can not provide DHCP service. DHCP server is authorized to operate on the process as follows:1 Click Start Programs Administrative Tools DHCP, open the DHCP console window.In the conso

45、le window, left-click the selected server name, and then right-click and select the authorization from the shortcut menu , then take a fewWaiting time minutes . Note : If the system does not respond for a long time , you can press the F5 key or select the menu Tools Action under the Refresh to refre

46、sh the screen , or turn off the DHCP console , click on the server name with the right mouse button. If the shortcut menu in the authorization has been changed to undo authorization , it means success for the DHCP server authorization . At this time , the most obvious is marked red upward arrow in f

47、ront of the name of the server into a green downward arrow. Thus , this will have to be authorized by the DHCP server to assign IP right up.5Create IP scopeTo the client puter automatically assigned to all customers within the same subnet IP address , the first thing is to create an IP scope, which

48、is the scope of the prior period to determine the cause IP address as the IP . The following start creating IP scope operation.Step 1 Click Start Administrative Tools DHCP, open the DHCP console window. Right-click the DHCP server name in the left pane, perform New Scope mand.Step 2In the New Scope

49、Wizard dialog box , click the Next button, open the role of the domain name wizard page . In the Name box, type a name for the scope ( eg CCE) and a description of the information, click Next button .Tip : Heres scope name only play the role of a logo , virtually no practical application .Step 3Open

50、 the IP Address Range wizard page , respectively, in the Start IP address and End IP Address edit box , type the IP address of a pre-determined range ( in this case, 10.115.223.2 10.115.223.254) . Then you need to define the subnet mask to determine the IP address for the network / subnet ID number

51、of digits. Since in this case the network environment within a subnet MAN , so the value of the length spinner adjusted to 23 , click Next button according to the actual situation.Step 4In the Add Exclusions wizard page to specify the excluded IP address or IP address range. As has been used several

52、 IP address as a static IP address of another server, so they need to be excluded. In the Start IP address edit box, type the IP address and click to exclude the Add button. You can repeat the operation , then click the Next button.Step 5in the open lease term wizard page , the default IP address of

53、 the client will restrict access to the period of use of 8 days . If there are no special requirements to keep the defaults and click the Next button.Step 6Open the Configuring DHCP Options page of the wizard , remains selected Yes , I want to configure these options now radio button and click the N

54、ext button . In the router ( default gateway ) wizard page , type the gateway address of the actual situation (10.115.223.254 in this case ) , and click the Add Next button.Step 7in the open domain name and DNS server wizard page does not do any settings, this is because the network is not installed

55、 DNS server and have not upgraded to the domain management model. Click the Next button, skip WINS server wizard page open Activate scope wizard page . Hold Yes, I want to activate this scope now radio button selected and click Next Finish button to plete the configuration .After setting the DHCP cl

56、ient DHCP service is installed and created IP scope , in order to use DHCP to assign IP addresses client puters , in addition to the network with a DHCP server , it also requires the client puter should have automatic access to the DHCP server the ability of IP addresses , which the puter is called

57、the client DHCP client.So we have a puter running Windows XP client puters in front of the following settings: Right-click on My Network Places icon on the desktop , perform the Properties mand. Right-click on Local Area Connection icon and execute Properties , open the Local Area Connection Propert

58、ies dialog box, open the Network Connections window. Then double-click Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) option , click Obtain an IP address automatically radio button and click OK button .Tip : By default, all the way to automatically obtain an IP address lower end puter , generally without modification

59、 , just to check on the line.At this point , DHCP server and client have all been set up . In the case of the normal operation of the DHCP server , the client will first boot automatically obtain an IP address and have an eight-day period of use .6Create a userCreate a new user or vendor class optio

60、n to start DHCP Manager. Console tree, click the applicable DHCP server in the branch . Right-click the server, and then click Create a new user class definition of user class or click Define vendor class to create a new vendor class . Click the Add . In the new class dialog box , type a descriptive

61、 name for identification , as a new option in the Display Name box. Additional information will also be added to the Description box. Type the data to match the class ID provides DHCP server service is used by the DHCP client ID or ASCII under . To hexadecimal byte numeric value of the input data, c

62、lick on the left side of the text box . To enter information exchange (ASCII) text characters is American Standard Code data , click on the right side of the text box . Click OK and then click Close . Class ID is configured using the new DHCP scope in DHCP Manager , double-click the DHCP scope. Righ

63、t-click the Scope Options and then click configuration options . Click the Advanced , click to select the check box or use a new supplier or user classes in the box next to the function . Click OK . Specified client puter is set to DHCP class ID string to connect to Windows 2000 -based client puter

64、s DHCP server can be set using the following mand to specify the DHCP class ID string : ipconfig / setclassid adapter_name class_idFor example adapter configuration named Local Area Connection called myuserclass user class ID, type ipconfig / setclassid local connection myuserclass at the mand prompt , and then press ENTER.It identifies the Local Area Connection interface receives as myuserclass DHCP options on the DHCP server co