2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案(第二套).docx

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1、2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题Part IWritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advancedinformation technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no mo

2、re than200 words_Part II Listening Comprehension听力音频地址：:/wximg.233 /attached/media/20160426/20160426163646_2894.mp3Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was sa

3、id. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C.and D.,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through th

4、e centre.1. A.She is impatient to learn computer programming.B.She is unaware her operation system is outdated.C.She is unable to use the new computer program.D. She is amazed at the fast change of technology.2. A.He has long been fed up with traveling.B.He prefers to stay home for the holiday.C.He

5、is going out of town for a couple of days.D. He is annoyed by the heavy traffic downtown.3. A.The challenges facing East Asia.B.The location for their new office.C.Their expansion into the overseas marketD. The living expenses in Tokyo and Singapore.4. A.A number of cell phones were found after the

6、last show.B.The woman forgot where she had left her cell phone.C.The woman was very pleased to find her cell phone.D. Reserved tickets could be picked up at the ticket counter.5. A.The building materials will be delivered soon.B.The project is being held up by bad weather.C.The construction schedule

7、 may not be met.D. Qualified carpenters are not easy to find.6. A.She is getting very forgetful these days.B.She does not hold on to bitterfeelings. C.She resents the way she is treated.D. She never intends to hurt anyone.7. A.The man wants to rent a small apartment.B.The woman has trouble getting a

8、 mortgage.C.The woman is moving to a foreign country.D.The man is trying to sell the woman a house.8. A.They are writing a story for the Morning News.B.They are facing great challenges to get re-elected.C.They are launching a campaign to attract women voters.D.They are conducting a survey among the

9、women in town.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A.Touch his heart.B.Make him cry. C.Remind him of his life.D.Make him feel young.10. A.He is good at singing operas. B.He enjoys complicated music:C.He can sing any song if he likes it.D.He loves country music in pa

10、rticular.11.A.Go to a bar and drink for hours.B.Go to an isolated place to sing blues.C.Go to see a performance in a concert hall.D.Go to work and wrap himself up in music.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A.How he became an announcer.B.How he writes news stori

11、es.C.How he makes his living.D.How he does his job.13. A.They write the first version of news stories.B.They gather news stories on the spot. C.They polish incoming news stories.D.They write comments on major news stories.14. A.Reading through the news stories in a given period of time.B.Having litt

12、le time to read the news before going on the air.C.Having to change the tone of his voice from time to time.D.Getting all the words and phrases pronounced correctly.15. A.It shows where advertisements come in.B.It gives a signal for him to slow down.C.It alerts him to something important.D.It serves

13、 as a reminder of sad news.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearsome questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices mark

14、ed A, B,C.and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A.It gives pleasure to both adults and children.B.It is often carried around by small children.C.It can be found i

15、n many parts of the world.D.It was invented by an American Indian.17. A.They were made for earning a living.B.They were delicate geometric figures.C.They were small circus figures made of wire.D.They were collected by a number of museums.18. A.In art.B.In geometry.C.In engineering.D.In circus perfor

16、mance.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A.They offer students a wide variety of courses.B.They attract students from all over the world.C.They admit more students than they can handle.D.They have trouble dealing with overseas students.20. A.Everyone will

17、benefit from education sooner or later.B.A good education contributes to the prosperity of a nation.C.A good education is necessary for one to climb the social ladder.D.Everyone has a right to an education appropriate to his potential.21. A.He likes students with high motivation.B.He enjoys teaching

18、 intelligent students.C.He tailors his teaching to students needs.D.He treats all his students in a fair manner.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A.It is mostly imported from the Middle East.B.It is a sure indicator of its economic activity.C.It has a d

19、irect impact on the international oil market.D.It equals more than 30 million barrels of oil each day.23. A.It eventually turns into heat.B.It is used in a variety of forms.C.Its use is chiefly responsible for air pollution.D.Part of it is lost in the process of transmission.24. A.When it is used in

20、 rural areas. B.When it is environment-friendly.C.When it operates at near capacity.D.When it operates at regular times.25. A.Traffic jams in cities.B.Inefficient use of energy. C.Fuel shortage.D.Global warming.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passa

21、ge is read for thefirst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.Gra

22、phics are used in textbooks as part of the language of the discipline, as in math or economics,or as study aids. Authors use graphic aids to26and expand on concepts taken up in the textbecause graphics are yet another way of portraying relationships and27connections.Graphics are used extensively in

23、natural sciences and social sciences. Social scientists work withstatistics 28 data, and the best way to present these statistics is often in graphic form. Graphicsare included- not merely as a means of making the information easier for the student to grasp, but as anintegral part of the way social

24、scientists think. Many textbooks,29those in economics, containappendixes that provide specific information on reading and working with graphic material.Make it a practice to30attentively the titles, captions, headings, and other materialconnected with graphics. These elements31and usually explain wh

25、at you are looking at. Whenyou are examining graphics, the32questions to ask are What is this item about? and Whatkey idea is the author33?One warning: Unless you integrate your reading of graphics with the text, you may make a wrongassumption.34, from a chart indicating that 33 percent of firstborn

26、 children in a research sampledid not feel close to their fathers, you might assume that some dreadful influence was at work on thefirstborn children. However, a careful reading of the text35that most of the firstborn children inthe sample were from single-parent homes in which the father was absent

27、.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in t

28、he bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. According to a report from the Harvard School

29、 of Public Health, many everyday products,including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioraldisorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly36to the toxic effectsof certain chemicals these products may contain, and the

30、damage they cause can be37.The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental38have long urgedU.S. government agencies to39the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called formore studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protec

31、tion Agency40the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care41, after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now42the toxic effects ofsome of the chemicals in the latest report. But the threshold for regulation is high. Because childrens

32、brain and behavioral disorders, likehyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors, its tough to pin themon exposure to specific chemicals with solid43evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Eventhe Harvard study did not prove a direct44but noted strong associatio

33、ns between exposure andrisk of behavioral issues. Nonetheless, its smart to45caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinkingtap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayedwith chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothes cant hurt.A

34、.advocatesB pactC.correlationD.exerciseE. facilitiesF. interactionG. investigatingH. overwhelmedI. particlesJ. permanentK. restrictedL. simulatingM. statisticalN. tightenO. vulnerableSection BDirections : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatem

35、ent contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Impossibility of Rapid

36、Energy Transitions A Politicians are fond of promising rapid energy transitions. Whether it is a transition from importedto domestic oil or from coal-powered electricity production to natural-gas power plants, politicianslove to talk big. Unfortunately for them , our energy systems are a bitlike an

37、aircraft carrier: they are unbelievably expensive, they are built to last for a very long time,they have a huge amount of inertia , andthey have a lot of momentum once they are set in motion. No matter how hard you try, you cantturn something that large on a dime , or even a few thousand dimes. B In

38、 physics, moving objects have two characteristics relevant to understanding the dynamics ofenergy systems: inertia and momentum. Inertia is the resistance of objects to efforts to changetheir state of motion. If you try to push a boulder , it pushes you back. Once you havestarted the boulder rolling

39、, it develops momentum, which is defined by its mass and velocity.Momentum is said to be conserved, that is, once you build it up, it has to go somewhere. So a heavy object, like a football player moving at a high speed, has a lot of momentum-that is, once he is moving, it is hard to change his stat

40、e of motion. If you want to change his course, you have only a few choices: you can stop him, transferring some of his kinetic energy to your own body, or you can approach alongside and slowly apply pressure to gradually alter his course. C But there are other kinds of momentum as well. After all, w

41、e dont speak only of objects or people as having momentum; we speak of entire systems having momentum. Whether its a sports team or a presidential campaign, everybody relishes having the big momentum, because it makes them harder to stop or change direction. D One kind of momentum is technological m

42、omentum. When a technology is deployed, its impacts reach far beyond itself. Consider the incandescent bulb, an object currently hated by many environmentalists and energy-efficiency advocates. The incandescent light bulb, invented by Thomas Edison, which came to be the symbol of inspiration, has be

43、en developed into hundreds, if not thousands, of forms. Today, a visit to a lighting store reveals a stunning array of choices. There are standard-shaped bulbs, flame-shaped bulbs, colored globe-shaped bulbs, and more. It is quite easy, with all that choice, to change a light bulb. E But the momentu

44、m of incandescent lighting does not stop there. All of those specialized bulbs ledto the building of specialized light fixtures, from the desk lamp you study by, to the ugly but beloved hand-painted Chinese lamp you inherited from your grandmother, to the ceiling fixture in your closet, to the light

45、 in your oven or refrigerator, and to the light that the dentist points at you. It is easy to change a light bulb, sure, but it is harder to change the bulb and its fixture. F And there is more to the story, because not only are the devices that house incandescent bulbs shaped to their underlying ch

46、aracteristics, but rooms and entire buildings have been designed in accordance with how incandescent lighting reflects off walls and windows. G As lighting expert Howard Brandston points out, Generally, there are no bad light sources, only bad applications. There are some very commendable characteri

47、stics of the CFL compact fluorescent light bulb , yet the selection of any light source remains inseparable from the luminaire that houses it, along with the space in which both are installed, and lighting requirements that need to be satisfied. The lamp, the fixture, and the room, all three must wo

48、rk in concert for the true benefits of end-users. If the CFL should be used for lighting a particular space, or an object within that space, the fixture must be designed to work with that lamp, and that fixture with the room. It is a symbiotic relationship. A CFL cannot be simply installed in an inc

49、andescent fixture and then expected to produce a visual appearance that is more than washed out, foggy, and dim. The whole fixture must be replaced-light source and luminaire-and this is never an inexpensive proposition. H And Brandston knows a thing or two about lighting, being the man who illumina

50、ted the Statue of Liberty. I Another type of momentum we have to think about when planning for changes in our energy systems is labor-pool momentum. It is one thing to say that we are going to shift 30 percent of our electricity supply from, say, coal to nuclear power in 20 years. But it is another

51、thing to have a supply of trained talent that could let you carry out this promise. That is because the engineers,designers, regulators, operators, and all of the other skilled people needed for the new energy industry are specialists who have to be trained first , and education, like any other comp

52、licated endeavor, takes time.And not only do our prospective new energy workers have to be trained, they have to be trained in the right sequence. One needs the designers, and perhaps the regulators, before the builders and operators, and each group of workers in training has to know there is work w

53、aiting beyond graduation. In some cases, colleges and universities might have to change their training programs,adding another layer of difficulty. J By far the biggest type of momentum that comes into play when it comes to changing our energy systems is economic momentum. The major components of ou

54、r energy systems, such as fuel production, refining, electrical generation and distribution, are costly installations that have lengthy life spans. They have to operate for long periods of time before the costs of development have been recovered. When investors put up money to build, say, a nuclear

55、power plant, they expect to earn that money back over the planned life of the plant, which is typically between 40and 60 years. Some coal power plants in the United States have operated for more than 70 years!The oldest continuously operated commercial hydro-electric plant in the United States is on

56、 New Yorks Hudson River, and it went into commercial service in 1898. K As Vaclav Smil points out, All the forecasts, plans, and anticipations cited above have failed so miserably because their authors and promoters thought the transitions they hoped to implement would proceed unlike all previous en

57、ergy transitions, and that their progress could be accelerated in an unprecedented manner. L When you hear people speaking of making a rapid transition toward any type of energy, whether it is a switch from coal to nuclear power, or a switch from gasoline-powered cars to electric cars, or even a swi

58、tch.from an incandescent to a fluorescent light, understanding energy system inertia and momentum can help you decide whether their plans are feasible.46. Not only moving objects and people but all systems have momentum.47. Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of profe

59、ssionals and skilled labor.48. Changing a light bulb is easier than changing the fixture housing it.49. Efforts to accelerate the current energy transitions didnt succeed as expected.50. To change the light source is costly because you have to change the whole fixture.51. Energy systems, like an air

60、craft carrier set in motion, have huge momentum.52. The problem with lighting, if it arises, often doesnt lie in light sources but in their applications.53. The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace.54. The application of a technology can

61、 impact areas beyond itself.55. Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics of energy systems.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,

62、C,and D . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.One hundred years ago, Colored was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. T

63、wenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for Negro. By the late 1960s,that term was overtaken by Black. And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that African American was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as Italian Americans and Irish Americans, that had already beenfreed of widespread discrimination. A centurys worth of