高三英语二轮复习第1部分专题5短文改错考法3行文逻辑错误

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1、考法引行文逻辑错误错误1主谓不一致1. （2014 全国卷 n ）My dream school look like a big garden.look t looks 主语My dream school是单数，谓语应用第三人称单数。2. （2014 辽宁高考）The early morning barking have been disturbingus as we are ofte n up all ni ght with the baby.haveT has主语 The early morning barking 为单数，故把 have 改为 has。3 . （2016 日照市二模 ）M

2、ore and more Guoxue courses is given in schools of differe nt levels all over China.is tare 主语 More and more Guoxue courses 为复数，故把 is 改为 are。4. （2016 -哈尔滨市第六中学模拟）Eating snacks are a bad habit and is also a wasteof mon ey.are t is动名词短语作主语为单数，故把are改为is。5. （ 2016 长春外国语学校质检）You are the most con siderate

3、 person who knowexactly what I n eed in our class.knowrknows 定语从句的先行词 the most con siderate person 为单数，故 who后的 谓语动词应为单数。6. （ 2016 -银川一中模拟Therefore, too much exposure to phones are bad for people in terms of health.are tis 主语为 too much exposure 为单数，故把 are 改为is。不要受 phones的影 响而认为主语是复数。【导学号：90892033】7 .

4、 （2016 湖北省七市联合考试）There are green grass and colorful flowerseverywhere.are tis 当there be 结构后有两个并列的主语时，遵循就近原则，green grass 为单数，故把are改为is。8. （2016 -银川一中二模）What you have gained are the result of your hard work.are is主语从句为单数，故are改为is。9. （2016 济南市模拟）Talking to friends or family members first are always a g

5、ood idea.are is动名词作主语为单数，故把are改为is。10. （2016 -沈阳二中模拟儿 ast mon th, I, together with my pare nts, were in vited to my un cles in the USA.werewas 本句的主语是I，不受together with后面主语的影响，故把were改为was。感悟与反思主谓不一致错误主要有三种情况：由于对基本概念忽视而失分：应注意单复数的一致，例如当不定式、动名词或从句作主语时应为单数。由于受其他词的影响而失分：例如第六题too much exposure to phones中易受p

6、hones的影响而认为主语是复数。注意就近原则。错误2时态不一致1. （2016 -全国乙卷）lt is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.hadhave 由前面的句子可知，这里吃饭时总是涌满了顾客，用的是一般现在时，根据时态的一致性，后面的句子也应用现在时。2. （2016 -全国甲卷）I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost much, yet we can still lear n a lot.thoug

7、ht tthink 由is , does和can可判断句子的主体时态为一般现在时，根据时态的一致性，应把thought改为think 。3. （2015 全国卷 I ）When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city.I think Iwould be happy there.think tthought这两句话是回忆童年的事情，由was, hoped和would也可知时态应为过去时，根据时态的一致性，把think改为thought o 4. （2014 全国卷 n ）We can lie on the grass for a rest, or s

8、at by the lake listening to music.sat f sit or连接两个并列谓语，第一个是can lie ，第二个应是 can sit ，前面已有can，后面的can应省去。5. （2014 浙江高考）1 was taki ng a train to Lon do ns Victoria Stati on.l hadnoticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.去掉had 此处只是对过去事实的描述，而且没有明显的时间提示，故用一般过去时。6. （2016 陕西师大附中模拟 ）Last n igh

9、t, I we nt to my frie nds birthday party,where I make some new frien ds.makemade 既然是昨晚发生的事情，时态是一般过去时，根据时态的一致性，where引导的定语从句也应指过去。7. （2016 邯郸市第一中学模拟 ）Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the onlything I catch was a tree bran ch.catch f caught 句子的整体用过去时，有went和was,故把catch改为caught。8. （2016 -西工大附中适应性训练 ）

10、One day, our teacher told us that we would have an exam a nd asked us to go over our less ons carefully.However, my friend Lisa spe nds too much time play ing computer games.spendsf spent第一句指的是过去，时态用的是过去时，根据时态的一致性，第二句应用过去时。9. （2016 -海南省 七校联盟”联考）I decided that I would enter for elections again in my

11、final year at school and that I will win the election.will f would句子的整体时态为过去时，故will 与前面的 would并列，也应用would。10. （2016 -青岛市一模）One of the reasons is that they show great interest inChin ese and En glish.Besides, they thought a nu mber of physics and maths problems are too difficult for them to work out.

12、thought f think句子的整体时态为现在时，故把thought改为think 。【导学号：90892034】感悟与反思时态不一致错误主要有三种情况：并列句中的时态不一致。主从句的时态不一致。4前后句中的时态不一致。错误3指代不一致1. （2016 -全国甲卷）lf we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain kno wledge we cannot get from books.your tour 由前面的 we go on a trip 禾口 we can broaden 可知， 应把 your 改为 our。

13、2. （2016 -四川高考）When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.herthis 由前面的 When he came back可知，这束花是在他的 （hi s） ”手里。3. （2015 全国卷 I ）We must find ways to protect your environment.yourtour/the 本句的主语为 we,因此把物主代词your改为our，此处也可以用the。4. （2014 四川高考）If its a false alarm and there is no fire, your t

14、eacher will lead us back to the classroom.ustyou由前面的 your teacher 可判定后面的 us改为you。5. （2016 绵阳市诊断性考试 ）When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles .I hoped I could also have it.it t one我的大部分朋友有自行车，我希望也能有一辆。此处应用one表示一辆自行车”，不能用it表特指。6. （2016 -大庆实验中学训练 ）To make the journey fruitful, our tea

15、chers devoted his time and en ergy to us.his ttheir 由 our teachers可判定后面的 his 改为 their 。7. （2016 -哈尔滨市第六中学一模）ln fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city.it tthat此处from后的代词应用that代替前面出现过的the weather ,不能用it ,因为it特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物。8. （2016 -哈师大附中模拟）The Palace Museumplans to extend the

16、ir opening hours to make it more convenient for tourists.6their its 由 The Palace Museum 可知应把 their 改为 its。9. （2014 陕西高考）My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.Neither f None代替第一句的their arrows ，应用none,因为没有说是两支箭，故不能用neither 。10. （2016 德州市

17、模拟）lt is not only bad for smokers himself, but also a threat to the public health.himself f themselves 由 smokers 可知应用 themselves 。感悟与反思指代不一致错误主要有四种情况：人称不一致。单复数不一致。性别不一致。替代词和不定代词考查错误， 特别是it和that的错用，不定代词表示两者和两者以上代词 的错用等。错误4逻辑不一致1. （2016 全国卷 I ）Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father,

18、 my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden.before f ago这里讲的是过去发生的事情，着眼点是现在，故应把before改为ago。2. （2016 -银川一中模拟Doctors can also help people to live a better life without their professi onal kno wledge.without f with 句意：医生也可以用他们的专业知识帮助人们更好地生活。without应改为 with 。3. （2016 平顶山调研考试）l k

19、eep a diary in English every day because my written English is becoming better and better.becausef so/and句意：我每天用英语写日记，因此我的英语写作越来越好。前后为因果关系或并列关系，故把Because改为so或And。4. （2016 -沈阳二中模拟）For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips I have n ever made in my life.never f ever 肯定否定错误，既然这次旅行进行过，就不能用never。5 .

20、 （2016 -南昌市十所省重点中学模拟）Before I finished it, I sent it to an ewspaper, which published it.Before f After按常理应该是完成之后送给报社出版，故把Before改为After。6. （2016 -天水一中模拟）1 love playing basketball and often play with my friends on weeke nds.Therefore, it is difficult to rent a basketball field and impossibleto find a

21、free one.Therefore f However前后为转折关系，故应把 Therefore 改为 However。7. （2016 山东省实验中学模拟 Overcome it, or we will be able to achieve our goals.orf and或will f wont 句子自我矛盾，把or改为and或者把 will改为wont。8 . （ 2016 -哈尔滨市第六中学模拟）Anxiety and pressure did discourage me attimes.Besides, with the en courageme nt of my teacher

22、s and classmates, I think ni make it.Besidesf However前后为转折关系，故应把 Besides改为However。9. （2016 -遵义市模拟）How is everythinggoing recently? rm writing to tell yousometh ing more about my birthday.去掉more more意为另外的，其他的”，应去掉。10. （ 2016 -石嘴山市模拟）But, the actual entrance to the tomb has ever been found, nor has th

23、e tomb bee n ope ned.ever f never 根据后面的nor可知前面应为否定，故ever改为never。【导学号：90892035】感悟与反思逻辑不一致错误主要有两种情况：肯定否定错用。连接词错用：应根据先后顺序，或逻辑关系，选择适当的连词或副词。提考能高效训练最新考题真解即学即用提能20（2016 -石家庄市调研检测）People used to com muni cate with each other through letters and public phon es.So no wadays they use mobile phones and the Int

24、ernet in stead of.This cha nge in com muni catio n have good effects on our works and life.Compari ng with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are fast and much more convenient.If you missed your grandmother, you just take out your phone and say “ hello ” to him.And she will be

25、 happy to hear your voice .Ifyou want to place order with a foreig n compa ny,you can e mail the message .I tll be minu tes after you get their reply.【答案与解析】People used to com muni cate with each other through lettersandpublicSophones.巳 nowadays they use mobile phones and the Internetin steaddf去掉hav

26、eworkschange in communication good effects on our work andCompari nglife. Compared 血letters and publicphones, mobile phones and the Internet arefastfaster and much moreconvenien t.If youmissed _i your gran dmother, you just take out your phone and say V rmisshimhello to her .A nd she will be happy t

27、o hear your voice .If you want to placeA an order with a foreig n compa ny, you can e mail the message .I tll be minu tesafter fT you get their reply. So改为But考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词But。 删除of 考查介词。in stead of 意为“代替”，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语， 但是此处of后无宾语，故删除 of。in stead是副词，在句中作状语。 have改为has考查动词时态和主谓一致。 由语

28、境可知，应用一般现在时；由句子主语This change 可知，谓语应用单数形式，即has。 works改为work 考查名词。此处名词 work表示“工作”，而不是作品，是不可数 名词，没有复数形式。 Comparing改为Compared考查非谓语动词。compare和句子谓语are之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和句子主语 mobile pho nes and the In ternet构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。 fast改为faster考查形容词比较级。由and后的“ much more convenient ”可知，此处表示对比的概念，故用形容词比较级faster作表语

29、。 missed 改为 miss考查动词时态。由you just take out your phone and say可知，从句谓语应用一般现在时，即miss。 him改为her 考查代词。与上文的grandmother ”呼应可知此处应用her。 place后加an考查冠词。order是可数名词，意为订单”，在语境中第一次出现,故用不定冠词修饰。order的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。 after改为before考查连词。此处为固定句型it + be +时间段+ before. ”，意为“多久以后”，故用连词 before引导时间状语从句。B（2016 河南省八市重点高中质检）I am

30、grateful to my En glish teacher Susa n, at whose help I could nt have won first prize in the En glish Tale nt Competiti on for high school stude nt last week.I used to be poorly in spoken English.1was too shy to speak in class.Since sheteaches us last term, she has bee n en couragi ng him to overcom

31、e fear and speak out in class.Tha nks to her, I have made great progresses.Besides, I practiced several times in the front of her.It was her advice which made me a better speaker and full of con fide nce.A nd I owe my success to her.Susa n set me a good example .I am determ ined to become an En glis

32、h teacher whe nI grow up.【答案与解析】I amgratefulto my English teacher Susan,at withoutwhose help I could nthavewon first prize in the En glish Tale nt Competiti on for high schoolstude nt stude nts lastweek.I used to bepoorly . poor inspoken English.Iwas too shy to speak in class.Since sheteaches taught

33、us lastterm, she has been encouraginghimto overcome fear and speak outin class.Tha nks to herprogresses,I have made great.Besides, I practiced several progressmethetimes in 去掉 the front of her.It was her advicewhich比戌 made me a better speakerand full of con fide nee.AndSoI owe my success to her.ASus

34、a n has setme a good example .I am determ ined to become an En glish teacherwhe n I grow up. at改为without考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“要是没有她的帮助”，故将at 改为 without。 student改为students考查名词复数。根据语境可知，英语才艺大赛是面向所有高中生的，故将 student 改为students 。 poorly改为poor 考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语。 teaches改为taught考查动词时态。在含since引导的状语从句的复合句中，主句为现在完成时

35、，从句用一般过去时，故将teaches改为taught。 him改为me考查代词。整篇短文都在讲述“我”的情况，和“他”没关系，故将him改为me progresses改为progress考查名词的数。progress为不可数名词，不能用复数形式，故将 progresses 改为 progress 。 删除in后的the 考查冠词。in the front of表示“在前面”，通常指在某物内部的前面。本题是指“在她的前面”，故删除the。 which改为that 考查强调句。分析该句可知，本句是一个强调句， 强调her advice , 故将which改为that 。 And改为So考查连词。

36、前后句是“因果”关系，故将And改为So。 Susan后加has考查动词时态。老师为“我”树立好榜样是过去的事情，并且对“我”产生了影响，所以用现在完成时。【导学号：90892036】C（2016 -合肥市质检）For stude nts lear ning in strume nts, summer isalways a “ music seas on ”. During vacati on times, we are always busy atte nding variously less ons, tak ing exams andparticipatingin competition

37、s.ThissummerI joined a music competition but was luckyto get the sec ond place .It was the first time that I had played on the stage in front of such many people .I felt very upset at first, but the en courage from my teacherkeeps me going ahead.Surprising, I was given the silver medal, that increas

38、ed mycon fide nce.lfwe try our best to get ahead, we will be able to achieve what we desireand deserve it.【答案与解析】For stude nts lear ning in strume nts, summer isalways a “ music seas on ”. Duringvacati ontimestime ，we are always busy attendingvariously various lessons taki ng exams andparticipat ing

39、in competitions.ThisAsummer I joined in a music competitionbutandwas lucky to get the sec ond place .It was the first time that I had played on thesuchstage in front ofmany people .Ifelt very upset at first, but the soen couragekeepsSurpris ing en courageme nt from my teacher me goi ng ahead Surpris

40、 in gly，Iwas giventhe silvermedal,that whichin creasedmy con fide nce.lfwe try our best to get ahead,过we will be able to achieve what we desire and deserve去掉 it . times改为time考查名词。根据语境可知，此处time表示（用于工作、休息等的）一段时间，为不可数名词，故改为time。 variously 改为various考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示上各种各样的课，应用形容词作定语修饰名词，故改为various 。 join

41、ed后面加in考查固定搭配。join in 意为参加（活动），符合语境，故加上in。 but改为and考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示并列关系，故改为and。 such改为so 名词people前面有形容词 many修饰应用so，故改为so。 encourage改为encouragement考查名词。此处是名词作主语，表示来自老师的鼓励”。故改为 encouragement。 keeps改为kept 考查动词时态。这是介绍假期中的一件事情，并且由上文的felt可知，应用一般过去时，故改为 kept。 Surprising 改为Surprisingly考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，

42、故改为 Surprisingly 。 that改为which 考查关系代词。本句为非限制性定语从句，并且关系词指代前面整 句话，故改为which。 删除it考查宾语从句。what在宾语从句中充当宾语，it多余，故删除。D（2016 福建省五校高中毕业班统一考试）Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.All kind of polluti on and the destruct ion of the environment could be see everywhere in ou

43、r daily life.With the development of industry and agriculture, cars make much noise and gaveoff poisonous gases.Because of populationexpansion and overdevelopment,resourceshave become less and less.Trees have been cut down, but waste water is being poured continuouslyinto rivers and lakes.The whole

44、ecological balanee of earth ischa ngin g.Massive destruct ion of the environment have brought about n egative effects in the ecosystem around the world and even become a great threat to mans existenee.We must face in the situation that exists andtake immediate action to solvingour environmen tal pro

45、blems together.We hope all these measures will be effectiveand bring back a healthy environment so that we could live happy in a beautiful andharm onious world.【答案与解析】Environmen tal problemsarebeco mingmoreand more serious allover the world.Allki ndrtheof theen vir onmentseekinds o pollutionanddestr

46、uctioncould be see neverywhere in our daily life.With the developme nt of in dustry and agriculture, cars make much no ise andgaveoff pois onous gases.Because of populati on expa nsion and overdevelopme nt, giveresources have become fewer and fewer.Trees have bee n cut dow n,but and waste wateris be

47、ing poured continuouslyinto rivers and lakes.The whole ecological balanee ofAof the environmenthavebrought aboutsolvi ng solveeffective and bring back a healthy environment so that we could livehappy happilyin the earth is cha ngin g.Massivedestruct ionn egativeeffectsinon the ecosystem around the w

48、orld and even become a great threatto mans existe nee.We must face去掉 in the situation that exists and take immediate action toour environmen tal problems together.We hope all these measures will bea beautiful and harm onious world. kind改为kinds考查名词的数。根据All ”可知，kind应使用复数形式。 see改为seen考查语态。主语与 see之间是动宾关

49、系，应用被动语态，故将 see改为seen。gave改为give考查动词的时态。根据and前的make可知，该句应使用一般现在时。 but改为and考查连词。树木被砍伐，废水被不断地排放到河里和湖里。根据句意可知，两句间为并列关系而不是转折关系，故用并列连词an do earth 前加the 考查冠词。earth为世界上独一无二的事物，故在earth 前面加上定冠词the o have改为has考查时态和主谓一致。由全文时态可知，此处应用现在完成时，该句主语为Massive destruct ion of the environment”，destruct ion为不可数名词，故谓语动词应当用

50、单数，故将 have改为has。 in改为on考查介词。effect on为固定搭配，意为对有影响”。 删除in考查动词的用法。句中的“ face ”为及物动词，意为“面对”，后直接跟名词作宾语。 solving改为solve考查动词不定式。我们必须立即采取行动以解决环境问题。takeactio n to do sth.为固定搭配。 happy改为happily考查副词。根据动词live可知，应用副词修饰动词，故用副词形式 happily 。E（2016 广州市模拟）The best advice I received in my childhood was from my dad.He al

51、ways gives mesome advice, but I seldom took them seriously. One day he was en couraged me toparticipate in a speech competiti on .So I sig ned up and after the competiti on , I did my best to be full prepared.But the moment I stood on the stage, I was such nervousthat my mind completely went blank.T

52、he experienee of lose a competitionwas reallypain ful.The n,my dad said,My son, life is like battlefield.Youhave to lose manytime to win the final victory. anything.【答案与解析】Thanks for his advice,I n ever give up whe n I doThe best advice I receivedin my childhoodwas from my dad.He alwaysgives gavemes

53、ome advice, but I seldom tookthem p seriously. One day hewas 去掉 was encouraged meafterto participate in a speech competition.SoI signed up andthe competition, beforeIdidmybesttobefullf ullyprepared.But the moment I stood on the stage,I wassuchson ervousthat my mind completelywentblank.The experienee

54、 ofloselosing a competition was reallypain ful.The n,mydad said,Atime“ My son, life is like a battlefield.You have to lose many timesto win theforfinal victory.” Thanks to his advice, I n ever give up whe n 1 do anything. gives改为gave 考查动词时态。由took可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，应用一 般过去时。 them改为it考查代词。advice是不可数名词，故用i

55、t代指。 删除was考查动词语态。根据语境可知，he与encourage为主谓关系，不能用被动 语态，故删除was。 after改为before考查介词。根据prepared可知，此处表示在赛前做充分的准备，故用介词before 。 full改为fully考查副词。副词修饰形容词，在句中作状语，故用副词fully 修饰形容词 prepared 。 such改为so so.that. 意为如此以至于”， so是副词，修饰形容词nervous，符合语境。such修饰名词。 lose改为losing考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词losing 作介词of的宾语。 like后加

56、a考查冠词。battlefield是可数名词，且第一次在文中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。 time改为times考查名词。time在此处表示次数，是可数名词，由many可知，应用其复数形式。 for改为to 考查固定搭配。thanks to意为幸亏，由于，符合语境，故用介词to。【导学号：90892037】F（2016 -济南市模拟）Dear Steven ,rm glad that you are coming to Beiji ng this summer vacati on.You asked manyquestion in your letter, and now let me answe

57、r them.To start with, Beiji ng, the capital of Chin a, is very attractive city with along history.You can found all kinds of delicious food in Beijing,of that the mostfamous is the Beiji ng roast duck .I hope we will enjoy it.Besides, there is a greatnumber of tourist attractons worth visiting, such

58、 as the Great Wall, the SummerPalace or the Forbidden City.These scenic spots have attracted millions of touristsin this year.I promise you will have a won derfully time here in Beiji ng.rm look ing forward to hear from you as soon as possible.Yours ,Lin Chao【答案与解析】Dear Steven ,questio n questi onsr

59、m glad that you are coming to Beiji ng this summer vacati on.You asked many in your letter, and now let me answer them.ATo start with, Beijing, the capital of Chin a, is avery attractive city witha long history.You canfound findall kinds of delicious food in Beijing, ofthat whichthe most famous is t

60、he Beijingroast duck .Iwehope 丫叫 will enjoy it.Besides, thereisare a great number of touristattract ionsworth visiting,such as the Great Wall,the Summer Palaceorand theForbidde nCity.These scenic spots have attractedmillions of touristsii去掉 in this year.Irm look ing forward towon derfullypromiseyou

61、测 have a wonderful timehere in Beiji ng.hearhearing from you as soon as possible.Yours ,Lin Chao question 改为questions考查名词。question 是可数名词，其前有 many修饰，故用复数形式。 is后加a 考查冠词。city是可数名词，此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词修饰。 found改为find考查动词。情态动词后跟动词原形，故用find 。 that改为which 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语。 we改为you 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处应用you代指Steven。 is改为are考查时态和主谓一致。there be句型中谓语的形式与后面的名词保持致，即与attractions 致，根据上下文时态可知，应用are。