北京语言大学22春《汉语写作》在线作业三及答案参考50

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1、北京语言大学22春汉语写作在线作业三及答案参考1. Writing can _ your world by the way to make you communicate effectively with people you have neWriting can _ your world by the way to make you communicate effectively with people you have never met. (broad)broaden2. 汉字的特点主要有哪几方面?( )A.本身有表意作用，容易引起意象B.丰富的材料与单一的立意相相结合C.一字一音，可以

2、摹写客观声音和主观感情方面的声音D.都带声调，富于音乐性参考答案：ABCD3. 脉络，指存在于文章内部的血脉与经络。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：B4. 消息的五个要素是什么?( )A.时间、地点、人物、事件、原因B.通知C.时间、地点、事件、原因、结果D.时间、地点、人物、事件、过程参考答案：A5. If places _ alike, there would be little need for geographers. A) being B) are C) beIf places _ alike, there would be little need for geographers.A

3、) beingB) areC) beD) wereD此处是考察表现在情况的虚拟条件句，故从句中谓语动词用一般过去式。6. I want you to ( ) each sum of the money you spent.A、amount toB、account forC、aim toD、intend to参考答案：B7. The scientist played an important part in developing his countrys nuclear power ( ).AThe scientist played an important part in developing

4、 his countrys nuclear power ( ).A.processB.profileC.programD.progress答案：C8. 为了丰富同学们的生活，校学生会将举办一次英语歌曲演唱比赛。请你以组织者的身份写一个书面通知。为了丰富同学们的生活，校学生会将举办一次英语歌曲演唱比赛。请你以组织者的身份写一个书面通知。有关内容如下： (1)时间：5月第一周。 (2)活动：演唱流行歌曲；听歌曲，猜出处。 (3)地点：学校大会议室。 (4)参加者请与4月25日前报名，前十名优胜者获奖。 写作要求： (1)可以适当增加细节； (2)词数100个左右。正确答案：NoticernDear

5、 studentsrn The Students Union has decided to organize an English song contest. It will be held in the first week of May in the meeting room. The activities include singing pop songs and music contest. The students taking part in the contest will listen to part of a song or a piece of music and then

6、 guess where it comes from. If youd like to take part in the activity please come and sign up for it before A-pril 25th. The first ten winners will be given rewards. All are welcome to join in the contest.rn Students Union rn April 15 2011NoticeDearstudents,TheStudentsUnionhasdecidedtoorganizeanEngl

7、ishsongcontest.ItwillbeheldinthefirstweekofMayinthemeetingroom.Theactivitiesincludesingingpopsongsandmusiccontest.Thestudentstakingpartinthecontestwilllistentopartofasongorapieceofmusic,andthenguesswhereitcomesfrom.Ifyoudliketotakepartintheactivity,pleasecomeandsignupforitbeforeA-pril25th.Thefirstte

8、nwinnerswillbegivenrewards.Allarewelcometojoininthecontest.StudentsUnionApril15,20119. 学术论文由前置部分和主体部分两部分构成，前置部分包括题名、论文作者、摘要、关键词，主体部分包括引言、正文、结论、致谢、参考文献。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A10. 关于行文断续的要求不正确的说法是( )。A.断要当断则断，续要当续则续B.注意文采的绚丽华美C.断要告一暂歇，续要承前启后D.断要不觉突兀，续要有所准备参考答案：A11. Bob is one of the boys who _ always punctu

9、al. (be)Bob is one of the boys who _ always punctual. (be)are12. What&39;s the matter with you? I didn&39;t pass the test, but I still _. A) hope so BWhats the matter with you?I didnt pass the test, but I still _.A) hope soB) hope toC) hope itD) hope thatBI still hope to是I still hope to pass the tes

10、t. 的省略说法。13. Poor food contributed_her illness and her illness had a strong impact_her characPoor food contributed_her illness and her illness had a strong impact_her character.Ato; forBfor; onCto; onDwith ; at正确答案：C14. Answer the following questions after reading the two letters.Answer the followin

11、g questions after reading the two letters.Letter B$Letter B$Letter B15. _for the expenses, I should have gone to Japan.AIf it were notBHad not it beenCIf_for the expenses, I should have gone to Japan.AIf it were notBHad not it beenCIf it has not beenDHad it not been正确答案：D16. Nuclear science should b

12、e developed to benefit the people _ harm them. A) more than B) rathNuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _ harm them.A) more thanB) rather thanC) other thanD) better thanBrather than“而不是”；more than“比更多”；other than“不同于，除了”；better than“比好”。句意：“发展核学应该造福人类，而不是危害人类。”17. Achievement te

13、sts are typically administered at (the) _ of a course orAchievement tests are typically administered at (the) _ of a course or aprogram.A. beginningB. middleC. endD. anytime参考答案C18. 时事述评的写作，对时事的叙述要把握全局，简洁概括，站得高，看得远。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B19. 举例说明，用具体例子来说明事物特点、本质及其规律。所用例子必须有代表性、典型性，能体现事物的本质特征及说明的需求。( )A.错误

14、B.正确参考答案：B20. PARISAn energy watchdog is alarmed about the threat to the environment from the soaring ePARISAn energy watchdog is alarmed about the threat to the environment from the soaring electricity needs of gadgets like MP3 players, mobile phones and flat screen TVs. In a report today, the Pari

15、s-based International Energy Agency estimates new electronic gadgets will triple their energy consumption by 2030 to 1 700 terawatt(太瓦)hours, the equivalent of todays home electricity consumption of the United States and Japan combined. The world would have to build around 200 new nuclear power plan

16、ts just to power all the TVs, IPods, PCs and other home electronics expected to be plugged in by 2030, when the global electric bill to power them will rise to $ 200 billion a year, the IEA said. Consumer electronics is the fastest growing area and its the area with the least amount of policies in p

17、lace to control energy efficiency, said Paul Waide, a senior policy analyst at the IEA. Electronic gadgets already account for about 15 percent of household electric consumption, a share that is rising rapidly as the number of these gadgets multiplies. Last year, the world spent $80 billion on elect

18、ricity to power all these household electronics, the IEA said. Most of the increase in consumer electronics will be in developing countries, where economic growth is fastest and ownership rates of gadgets is the lowest, Waide said. This will jeopardize efforts to increase energy security and reduce

19、the emission of greenhouse gases, blamed for global warming, the agency said. Existing technologies could cut down gadgets energy consumption by more than 30 percent at no cost or by more than 50 percent at a small cost, the IEA estimates, meaning total greenhouse gas emissions from households elect

20、ronic gadgets could be held stable at around 500 million tons of CO2 per year.The energy consumption of new electronic gadgets at present_.Ais nearly 1 700 terawatt hoursBis nearly 600 terawatt hoursCequals to the home electricity consumption of the United StatesDis greater than the home electricity

21、 consumption of Japan正确答案：B从文章第二段可知，到2030年，这些电子产品消耗的能源将会是现在的三倍，达到1700terawatt(太瓦)hours，因此现在约为600太瓦时。21. A dozen eggs _ 5 nowadays. A) has cost B) costs C) cost D) are costA dozen eggs _ 5 nowadays.A) has costB) costsC) costD) are costCa dozen eggs意为“一打鸡蛋”复数概念。22. 标题、开头、结尾、段落、行文线索等可称为文章的内部结构。( )A.错误B

22、.正确参考答案：A23. 调查报告的写作目的非常明确。它通常是为了解决某一类问题，指导某一项工作，总结某一类经验，对某一单位、某一部门的某些具体问题进行调查研究之后写出的。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B24. 意见可用于上级机关对下级机关，也可以用于下级机关对上级机关，还可以用于平级机关相互行文。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A25. How long does the bus _? A. take, takes B. takes, take C. takes, takes-How long does the bus _?A. take, takesB. takes, takeC. ta

23、kes, takes参考答案A26. 文体在写作中具有一般的地位。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A27. 特写消息主要借用电影的“特写镜头”手法加工改写而成的新闻，集中笔墨、重点突出地描写某一重大事件和关键场面和情节。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B28. 选择多数人关心、寻求“答案”的题材，这是写好科普说明文的前提。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A29. The attention to details assures you that the setting and service are as perfect asThe attention to details assures y

24、ou that the setting and service are as perfect as your meal , whether its a quiet dinner for two , or a business lunch. (翻译)参考答案：无论静谧的两人晚餐还是商务午餐，细致入微的服务都会保证这里的环境和服务与您所点的食物一样品质优良。30. “两个黄蝴蝶，双双飞上天，不知为什么，一个忽飞还。剩下那一个，孤单怪可怜;也无心上天，天上太孤单。”这是胡适的蝴蝶，它属于( )。A.抒情诗B.主情说C.诗剧D.民歌参考答案：B31. Last year, John earned _

25、his brother, who is less capable. A) three times as much as B)Last year, John earned _ his brother, who is less capable.A) three times as much asB) twice as many asC) twice worseD) three times as more asA此处用到倍数表达法：“倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as”；而钱是不可数名词，必须用much修饰。32. 英语教学中如何科学、合理地设置课堂教学目标?参考答案：教学目标制定的原则是以学生为主

26、体。学生是整个教学活动的主体，忽视学生的存在，教学就失去了意义。教学目标制定应围绕学生的学习来进行，为了学生的发展是出发点，考虑学生的实际需要是根本，学生的原有水平和最近发展区是依据。第一个依据是英语课程目标。即国家教委统一规定的以文件的形式颁布的教育目标。这是由英语学科的性质决定的，是社会发展、学生的自身发展需要赋予英语学科的神圣使命。实现这一目标，学生需在英语知识、能力、学习方法习惯、智力、思维品质等五个方面有发展，因此学习目标主要包括五个方面的内容：知识目标、能力目标、方法习惯目标、智力目标、思想品质目标等。这些目标的实现不能一蹴而就，它需要通过英语教学一步一步走向课程目标，这之间还需要

27、一个循环往复的过程，需将目标分解成不同阶段更为具体的阶段目标，如学期目标、专题目标、课堂目标。第二个依据是学情。教师要制定的目标是学生本阶段的英语学习要达到的英语认知结构方面的变化，学生原有的认知结构以及学生在认知结构上可能发生的变化是目标制定的依据，因此教师充分了解学生，了解学生的需要、原有能力水平、原有知识储备、最近发展区等要素，在此基础上制定出合理切实可行的教学目标。只有符合学情的目标才是科学的目标。加涅说，学习需要条件，教学设计就是为了学而设计的。第三个依据是学生英语能力培养的科学途径。根据英语课程目标的要求，通过英语学习，学生应在知识、能力、智力、思想品质和方法习惯等方面有发展，而实

28、际上，作为英语课程，学生英语应用能力的提高才是其根本任务，是其他课程所不能代替的。33. 关于写作的实质的说法正确的是( )。A.写作的实质就是为人类社会作贡献的活动B.采访随笔C.写作是一项功利性很强的活动D.写作是无意识的活动参考答案：B34. 真实性指新闻报道与所反映的客观事实的一致程度，这是新闻的本源和生命，是新闻最重要的特征。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B35. This book is for the students ( ) native language is notEnglish to study in an AmericanThis book is for the st

29、udents ( ) native language is notEnglish to study in an American college or university.A. thatB. B. of whomC. whoseD. their参考答案：C36. Is she really ill? _. She&39;s in hospital. A) I hope so B) I&39;m sure C) IIs she really ill?_. Shes in hospital.A) I hope soB) Im sureC) I dont think soD) Im afraid

30、soD37. 写作过程四要素中的写作受体就是( )。A.作者B.真人真事，真情实感C.作品D.读者参考答案：D38. His work was _ than that of any other man in the school. A) by far better B) better by farHis work was _ than that of any other man in the school.A) by far betterB) better by farC) by far the best D) the best by farBthan前应用比较级形式，因此C，D选项排除；当b

31、y far修饰形容词强调数量或程度时，它须放在比较级之后，意为“得多”；但当by far比较级前面有冠词时，可以放在比较级前。如：This is by far the better of the two. 两者之中，这一个好得多。39. When Jane fell off the bike, the other children _ . Awere not able to help laughter BcoWhen Jane fell off the bike, the other children _ .Awere not able to help laughterBcould not h

32、elp but laughingCcould not help laughingDcould not help to laughC40. 人物消息是以通讯的形式报道新闻人物的活动与事迹的新闻体裁。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A41. Maggie Banes looked _26_at her watchas she had done every few minutes for the lastMaggie Banes looked _26_at her watchas she had done every few minutes for the last three hours. _27

33、_ it was nearly eight oclock. Where on earth is Jill? she thought.It isnt like her to be so late._28_，she picked up the plate of sandwiches shed made for tea and went to the kitchen. _29_the door opened and Jill walked into the house. She looked tired. What a relief! Are you OK? said Maggie loudly.

34、Yes, Im fine, Auntie,replied Jill. Im so sorry Im late, but something strange happened on the way here._30_，Jill explained that, in her hurry to get through the woods, she had tripped and knocked herself unconscious. When she woke up, she realised she was lost. I walked around for ages until I found

35、 the right path. Then I ran alt the way here.A. ReluctantlyB. Just thenC. anxiouslyD. To her aunts amazementE. She was dismayed to see that参考答案：26.C27.E28.A29.B30.D42. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent,a new nation,conceived inFour score and seven years ago o

36、ur fathers brought forth on this continent,a new nation,conceived in liberty,and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war,testing whether the nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated,can long endure.We are met on a great battle fil

37、ed of this war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field,as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives so that nation might live.八十七年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上建立了一个崭新的国家，她孕育于自由之中，奉行人生来平等的原则。 现在我们正投身于一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者说任何一个孕育于自由而且奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大的战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而奉献了自己

38、的生命，我们在此集会是为了把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后的安息之所。 43. 散文区分于小说，诗歌，戏剧等文体的特性是( )。A.抒情性B.谐音双关C.真实性D.跳跃性参考答案：C44. We now have_fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller.AWe now have_fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller.AsoBsuchCso aDsuch a正确答案：B45. Now _

39、your turn to retell the text. A) there is B) there comes C) comes D) has comesNow _ your turn to retell the text.A) there isB) there comesC) comesD) has comesC状语now在句首，句子完全倒装。46. 人物消息是以通讯的形式报道新闻人物的活动与事迹的新闻体裁。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：B47. 教学论文写作前可以不用进行必要的教学科研。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A48. There _ a pen, two pencils, a

40、nd three books on the desk. A) are B) is C) has D)There _ a pen, two pencils, and three books on the desk.A) areB) isC) hasD) haveBThere be句型中，谓语动词的数按“就近原则”处理。49. I can take my holidays at any time_in August.AexceptBexcept forCexcept thatDbesidI can take my holidays at any time_in August.AexceptBexc

41、ept forCexcept thatDbeside正确答案：A50. 拟题准确就是要“题文相符”，在一定程度上概括文章基本内容、揭示文章的主题。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B51. 消息的简短要以( )为原则A.长篇累牍B.内容充实C.描写细致D.叙述清楚参考答案：BD52. _，all the people in the country should be responsible for present crisis.A.In a_，all the people in the country should be responsible for present crisis.A.In a

42、 certain extentB.To a certain extentC.For a certain extentD .At a certain extent正确答案：B解析：固定搭配：To a certain extent ：在一定程度上53. 下列关于文学的说法较为正确的是( )。A.为文造情B.舞蹈C.为文造哲D.为哲造文参考答案：B54. 我国小说的源头和萌芽是( )。A.先秦两汉的寓言故事B.散文C.唐传奇D.明清章回小说参考答案：A55. 杰克伦敦把整个屋子钉满词汇卡片说明积累语言素材是语言训练的方法。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B56. 记叙性说明文介乎文学的描写和写实的说

43、明之间。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A57. 述评消息的写作，一要注意选题大中取小，小中见大，使题目具体，主题集中，立足全局。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B58. 运思中确定主题提炼的方向和类型是一个首要问题。它将制约择体、选材和理序。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B59. He said he would _ me to the president, but he didnt.ArecommendBcommunicateCcommeHe said he would _ me to the president, but he didnt.ArecommendBcommunicateCcommentDrequest正确答案：A解析：句意：他说过他会向总统推荐我，但是他没有。本题考查动词词义辨析。recommend“推荐，介绍”；communicate“联系，交流”；comment“评论”；request“要求，请求，需要”。60. He refused to tell us whether he _ (undertake)the job.He refused to tell us whether he _ (undertake)the job.would undertake