新视野大学英语4课件unit3LongingforaNewWelfareSystemsectionA

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1、Longing for a New Welfare System1. When you are sick, you may go to the school clinic. How much do you need to pay for your medical expenses?Tips: You just need to pay 10% of your medicine bills.Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activities2. Why just 10%? Who pays the rest for you? Its a part of the

2、 social welfare system. The government pays the rest for you.Tips:Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activities Public assistance programs, commonly called “welfare”, provide cash or benefits for particular categories of the financially needy. Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activities The U.S. wel

3、fare system operates on both the federal and state levels. The federal welfare program is known as Social Security 政府的公共福利计划政府的公共福利计划 that provides benefits or assistance for child care, disability, food and medical assistance. Pre-reading Activities The state welfare programs, on the other hand, pr

4、ovide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesWhich person is more likely to get welfare assistance? Why?Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activities a rubbish picker, 78 years old, no living partner,

5、no children a teenage worker, 15 years old, parents died , working in a small coal mine a child beggar, 7 years old, no chance to go to school a three-year-old child, severely ill, no money for medical treatmentPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activitiesw

6、elfare clientCaseworkersdonationfinancial aidinsurancepensiondependencehandicappedrelianceunemploymentmedical assistance Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesDirections:You will hear a passage. It will be read twice. Listen carefully and supply the missing words.Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-read

7、ing Activities Cuts in welfare payments have left many clients so poor that they cannot _ or _. Many would describe their diet as being at the same level as a _. As a result most _ the system. Gifts from friends and relatives _ , money from pension is _ and the rent is _. Anything for a few more dol

8、lars. Of course the caseworkers know these things occur. Rather than helping their clients, caseworkers _ and are inclined to give out lectures when any help is asked for, which is a natural consequence of thinking _ every day.afford to eat properly to have a decent standard of livinghousehold petch

9、eatare not declaredunderstatedexaggeratedexpect them to bow down to themthey are being lied toPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesText UnderstandingText UnderstandingLanguage PointsLanguage Points1 12 23 3Unit ThreeUnit ThreeSummarySummary4 45 5WritingWritingText UnderstandingText Understand

10、ing The passage explores the problems of the present welfare system first and then expresses the desire to have a new system. According to the author, a disabled person with spinal cord injuries脊椎损伤脊椎损伤, he is forced to account for every penny while enduring lectures by the caseworkers. Main idea of

11、 the text ? It is hard to have his wheelchair repaired and even harder to make a gradual shift away from welfare. That is why he longs for a new system under which the disabled like him can earn part or all of their own livings.How is the text organized?The passage is composed of three parts: 1.How

12、people behave under the present welfare system. 2.what the problems are with it. 3.what solutions should be applied to the problems. Text UnderstandingText UnderstandingPart TwoParas. 4 - 14On one hand, most welfare clients cheat the system for more money. Are there any examples here? (Para.1)Proble

13、m 1: Clients are forced to report anything new to caseworkers. Is there any example here? (Paras. 4 - 8)Problem 2: It is difficult for clients to have their wheel- chairs repaired. Is there any example here?(Paras. 9 - 12) Solution 1: There needs to be a lawyer to protect the rights of clients. Exam

14、ple?(Para. 15)Solution 2: The welfare system should help those who are to earn their own livings. How?(Para. 16)Problem 3: If clients make money, as the authors own experience reveals, they have to account for every penny.(Para. 13)Current situation describingProblems with the systemSolutions to the

15、 problemsProblem 4: The law does not encourage clients to make a gradual shift away from welfare.Evidence? (Para.14)Solution 3:A new system is needed to encourage clients to develop their talents without guilt. (Para.17)All the same, some like me have opted to live a life of honesty. Are there any e

16、xamples here? (Para.2)On the other, welfare case-workers, like detectives, expect every client to beg. Why? (Para.3)Text UnderstandingText UnderstandingText UnderstandingText UnderstandingQ and A about the text:Retell the Procedure to Ask for Wheelchair Repairscase workermedical workerwheelchair rep

17、air companymain welfare officethe handicapped clientPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesText UnderstandingText UnderstandingLanguage PointsLanguage Points1 12 23 3Unit ThreeUnit ThreeSummarySummary4 45 5WritingWritingLanguage PointsLanguage Pointsto long for (Title)经过多年战争后，人们都盼望和平。经过多年战争后，人们

18、都盼望和平。 People longed for peace after many years of war. Examplehave a desire for; want very much The children are longing for the holidays. A welfare client is supposed to1 cheat. Everybody expects it. Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know bleed

19、2 the system for a few extra dollars. They tell the government that they are getting two hundred dollars less than their real pension so they can get a little extra welfare money. Or, they tell the caseworker that the landlord raised the rent by a hundred dollars. 1)be generally believed or expected

20、 to be or do lShes supposed to have five hundred pairs of shoes. 据信据信她有她有500双鞋。双鞋。lIts supposed to be a great movie. 据说据说这部电影不错。这部电影不错。be supposed to: 2) be expected or required to do or be sth. according to a rule, a custom, an arrangement, etc.lYoure supposed to buy a ticket, though not many peopl

21、e do.尽管没有多少人买票，但你尽管没有多少人买票，但你应该应该买。买。lYoure supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 如果你要离开教室，如果你要离开教室，得得跟老师说。跟老师说。返回返回 bleed 2. Hed been wounded in the arm and was bleeding heavily. Examplea. force sb. to pay a lot of money b. lose blood1. The west is bleeding poorer countrie

22、s dry through interest payments on their debts.西方正通过债务利息西方正通过债务利息榨干榨干贫穷国家的财富。贫穷国家的财富。向向榨取榨取 I have opted to live a life of complete honesty. So instead, I go out and drum up some business and draw cartoons. I even tell welfare how much I make! Oh, Im tempted to get paid under the table. But even if

23、I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation. They keep my records, and that information goes right into the governments computer. Very high- profile. opt to do sth. What do you opt to do after you graduate from University ?Examplechoose to do st

24、h.返回to drum upD u r i n g t h e s e a s o n o f Christmas each year, traders use their own unique tricks to drum up their business.每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意。来招揽生意。Exampletry hard to get support, customers, business, etc.竭力争取竭力争取(支持支持);兜揽兜揽(生意生意) They were unable to drum up enthusiasm for t

25、he new policies.他们未能他们未能激起激起人们对新政策的热情人们对新政策的热情返回返回Im tempted to get paid under the table. But even if I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation. (L.8)Meaning: I feel a desire to be paid without being known to others. But even if I couldnt resi

26、st that temptation and wanted to be paid under the table, big magazines I am working for wont agree to get themselves into trouble by telling lies for my sake.Language PointsLanguage Pointsunder the table They were charged with takingmoney under the table.Examplein a secret way返回yield to: stop resis

27、ting sth.lI yielded to an impulse. 我听凭一时的冲动行事了。我听凭一时的冲动行事了。lThe government refused to yield to the hostage takers demand. 政府拒绝政府拒绝答应答应人质挟持者的人质挟持者的要求要求。返回Language PointsLanguage Pointssticky 2. Her hands were sticky from the ice cream. 1. a sticky problem / situationExamplea. difficult or unpleasantb

28、. covered in a substance that sticks to things that touch itc. ( of the weather) hot and damp 3. a sticky, humid afternoon 一个又热又潮的下午一个又热又潮的下午棘手的棘手的黏的黏的返回 As a welfare client Im expected to bow before the caseworker. Deep down, caseworkers know that they are being made fools of by many of their clien

29、ts, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation. Im not being bitter. Most caseworkers begin as college-educated liberals with high ideals. But after a few years in a system that practically requires people to lie, they become like the one I shall call Suzanne, a dete

30、ctive in shorts. Language PointsLanguage Pointsmake a fool of sb. make a fool of oneself Your brother is making a fool of you.Exampletrick sb. into behaving foolishly He was drinking and making a fool of himself. 他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。愚弄，欺骗愚弄，欺骗出洋相出洋相返回Language PointsLanguage Pointsto be entitled to

31、 (do) sth. 1. Everyone is entitled to (air) his own opinion. Example have the right to have or do sth.2. This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class. 对对享有权利；有权做某事享有权利；有权做某事返回Language PointsLanguage Points liberal (L. 14) 2. Her parents are very liberal and allow her a lot of freedom. 1. H

32、e liked to think of himself as a liberal.Examplen. 开明的人开明的人a. open to new ideas a. generous 3. She is very liberal with her money. 返回 Not long after Christmas last year, Suzanne came to inspect my apartment and saw some new posters pasted on the wall. Whered you get the money for those? she wanted t

33、o know. Friends and family. Well, youd better have a receipt for it, by God. You have to report any donations or gifts. This was my cue to beg. Instead, I talked back. I got a cigarette from somebody on the street the other day. Do I have to report that? Well Im sorry, but I dont make the rules, Mr.

34、 Callahan . Suzanne tries to lecture me about repairs to my wheelchair, which is always breaking down because welfare wont spend the money maintaining it properly. You know, Mr. Callahan, Ive heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchai r t han average. Language PointsLanguage Pointsto lect

35、ure sb. about sth. Hes always lecturing me about the way I dress. 他总说我穿着不得体。他总说我穿着不得体。Example就某事训斥某人就某事训斥某人返回Ive heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average. (L.31)Meaning: Ive heard that you use your wheelchair more often than the average clients do. No wonder thats why your

36、 wheelchair is always breaking down. Language PointsLanguage Points返回 Of course I do. Im an active worker, not a vegetable. I live near downtown, so I can get around in a wheelchair. I wonder what shed think if she suddenly broke her hip and had to crawl to work. Government cuts in welfare have resu

37、lted in hunger and suffering for a lot of people, not just me. But people with spinal cord injuries felt the cuts in a unique way: The government stopped taking care of our chairs. Each time mine broke down, lost a screw, needed a new roller bearing, the brake wouldnt work, etc., and I called Suzann

38、e, I had to endure a little lecture. Finally, shed say, Well, if I can find time t o d a y, I l l c a l l t h e m e d i c a l w o r k e r. She was supposed to notify the medical worker, who would certify that there was a problem. Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get

39、the cheapest bid. Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare office at the state capital. They considered the matter for days while I lay in bed, unable to move. Finally, if I was lucky, they called back and approved the repair. When welfare learned I was making money on my cartoons, Suzanne s

40、tarted visiting every fortnight instead of every two months. She looked into every corner in search of unreported appliances, or maids, or a roast pig in the oven, or a new helicopter parked out back. She never found anything, but there was always a thick pile of forms to fill out at the end of each

41、 visit, accounting for every penny. There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from welfare. I am an independent businessman, slowly building up my market. Its impossible to jump off welfare and suddenly be making two thousand dollars a month. But I would love to be able to pay for so

42、me of my living and not have to go through an embarrassing situation every time I n e e d a s p a r e p a r t f o r m y w h e e l c h a i r . There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients, because the system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare give

43、rs as well as by the clients. Welfare sent Suzanne to look around in my apartment the other day because the chemist said I was using a larger than usual amount of medical supplies. I was, indeed: the hole that has been surgically cut to drain urine had changed size and the connection to my urine bag

44、 was leaking. There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from welfare. (Para. 14)Meaning: There is not an item of law to encourage welfare clients to be gradually independent of the welfare system.逐渐脱离福利照顾逐渐脱离福利照顾Language PointsLanguage Points返回Language PointsLanguage Pointsto lend on

45、eself to (L. 56)Some problems do not lend themselves to financial solutions.Examplebe easily used for a particular activity or result适宜于；有助于适宜于；有助于Her voice doesnt lend itself well to blues.返回 While she was taking notes, my phone rang and Suzanne answered it. The caller was a state senator, which sc

46、ared Suzanne a little. Would I sit on the governors committee and try to do something about the thousands of welfare clients who, like me, could earn part or all of their own livings if they were allowed to do so, one step at a time? Hell, yes, I would! Someday people like me will thrive under a new

47、 system that will encourage them, not seek to convict them of cheating. They will be free to develop their talents without guilt or fear o r j u s t h o l d a g o o d , s t e a d y j o b . Language PointsLanguage Pointsto convict sb. of doing sth. wrong (L. 66)We have no right to order him to leave

48、school unless there is enough evidence to convict him of cheating in the exam.我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊。够的证据证明他考试作弊。Exampledeclare guilty 宣判宣判有罪；使有罪；使服罪服罪Compare: accuse sb. of；charge sb. with I dont think that politician can drum up much support with all his speeches. There were a few

49、 sticky moments during the meeting. The government is trying to keep a low profile on this issue. Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment. 得到得到僵局僵局低调低调使你有权使你有权Language PointsLanguage Points I hereby certify that the above information is true and accurate. An anonymous letter alerted

50、police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport. You must be alert to possible dangers. There seems to be an electrical problem. Ill get someone to look into it. 证明证明向向报警报警 警惕警惕检查检查Language PointsLanguage Points How do you account for this sudden disappearance of all the money? Some n

51、ovels quite readily lend themselves to adaptation as plays; others do not. The jury convicted the accused man of theft. There wasnt enough evidence to convict him. 解释解释适合适合宣判有罪宣判有罪证明有罪证明有罪Language PointsLanguage PointsYou are legally entitled to take faulty goods back to the store where you purchase

52、d them, but you are supposed to account for why you want to do so. 1. 从法律上说从法律上说，你，你完全可以完全可以将质量不过关的商将质量不过关的商品退还给那家商店，但是应该品退还给那家商店，但是应该解释清楚解释清楚为什为什么。么。 to be entitled to dolegallyto account forTranslationTranslationYou only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a disco

53、unt on goods. 2. 你只需你只需填写一张表格填写一张表格就取得了会员资格，就取得了会员资格，它可以它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。 to entitle you to a discount on goodsTranslationTranslation3. 一年前一年前, ,那位汽车经销商那位汽车经销商(dealer) 以优质服以优质服务务来来招揽顾客招揽顾客, ,如今他的如今他的生意生意已十分已十分红火红火。 business be thrivingTranslationTranslation4. 这桩刑事案件经过这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查仔细调查后

54、，他后，他被证明被证明犯了谋杀罪犯了谋杀罪。The crime was looked into carefully before he was convicted of murder. TranslationTranslation5. 我的车子在高速公路上我的车子在高速公路上抛锚抛锚后后, ,我我打电话打电话向向高速公路巡逻队高速公路巡逻队(the Freeway Service Patrol) 求助求助,20,20分钟后他们分钟后他们帮我解了围帮我解了围, ,留下了一张留下了一张150150美元的收据。美元的收据。I called the Freeway Service Patrol for

55、 help after my car broke down on the freeway. Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue and left a $ 150 receipt. to come to my rescueto call for helpTranslationTranslation6. 由于由于面临面临失业的危险，这些工人失业的危险，这些工人只好接受只好接受了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。Faced with the threat of losing their jobs, these work

56、ers yielded to the managements advice and went back to work .TranslationTranslation7. 拐走孩子的那名中年男子拐走孩子的那名中年男子向向男孩的父亲男孩的父亲敲敲诈诈了两万美金，来了两万美金，来补偿补偿他公司的他公司的损失损失。The middle-aged man who took the boy bled the father for $20,000 as a compensation for the loss of his company. as a compensation for the lossTra

57、nslationTranslation8. 这个这个靠救济过日子的人靠救济过日子的人开始开始慢慢地慢慢地建立建立了自己的市场，了自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆生意日渐兴隆。The man living on welfare began to set up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving. TranslationTranslationPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesText UnderstandingText UnderstandingLanguage

58、 PointsLanguage Points1 12 23 3Unit ThreeUnit ThreeSummarySummary4 45 5WritingWritingSummarySummary Life in a wheelchair is _. Living on welfare is just like sharing a dinner of raw pet food _ the cat. Many welfare clients do not have money to _ a decent life. _, lying and cheating the welfare syste

59、m _ extra money becomes normal. However, some unusual individuals, who have _ to live a life of complete honesty, do _ the truth to caseworkers and _ any extra income they make. Being honest, however, is not _ its problems. Caseworkers will greatly_ the frequency of their visits and leave _ a smallt

60、oughwithliveAs a resultformade a choicetellwithoutdeclareincreasebehindSummarySummarymountain of paper work _ the client to fill _. The rules say that not a penny is to be _ for. _ a single gift, _ small, is to be unreported. These rules and the natural consequent lying _ tend to transform caseworke

61、rs _ being helpers of the poor _ being detectives constantly _ for any forms of cheating.foroutunaccountedNotno matter howunfortunatelyfromtosearchingPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesText UnderstandingText UnderstandingLanguage PointsLanguage Points1 12 23 3Unit ThreeUnit ThreeSummarySumm

62、ary4 45 5WritingWriting Fast food快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。的最佳反映。a 快餐受欢迎有两条原因；快餐受欢迎有两条原因； b 然而，从营养角度讲，快餐却差强人意。然而，从营养角度讲，快餐却差强人意。3. 对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。 Writing WritingFast Food Fast food is becoming more and more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers. Toda

63、y, it is rather difficult to find another thing that symbolizes the fast pace of modern life as powerful as fast food. For the popularity of fast food, there are mainly two reasons. For one thing, it is convenient and saves the customer much time. You just need go into a fast food restaurant, order

64、your food, and your food will be served in no time. You can either eat it there or Writing Writing Writing Writingtake it away. For another, at fast food restaurants, The environment is clean and comfortable, the service is excellent, and the quality of food is guaranteed. All these explain why fast

65、 food attracts so many people. Despite its popularity, fast food is far from satisfactory in terms of nutrition. It is usually not composed of a balanced diet and is low in nutrition. Thus, doctors suggest people, especially children, eat fast food as little as possible. Although cooking at home is

66、time-consuming and the following washing-up tiresome, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs. Fast food is only a good alternative when you are in a hurry, or when you feel like trying something new. Therefore we should do no more than taste it once in a while. Writing Writing1. He means that a welfare client is believed to lie to get a little extra welfare money and e v e r y o n e k n o w s i t w e l l .2. He has chosen to live an honest life by drumming up some busine