剑桥少儿英语三级

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1、word剑桥少儿英语三级介绍 剑三主要学习的是单词和一些英语中常用的时态和语态知识，剑三完毕之后学生应当掌握1864个单词，主要单词类别有：学科类，天气类，感官动词类，房屋类，运动项目类，材料类，特殊疑问词类，职业名称类，节日类，城市与国家地名类，以与月份，季节的英语表示方法等。剑三一共160课时，上下册共32个单元。平均4个课时一个单元，教师可按自己进度在四课时根底上自行调配课时。遇到对学生而言想对较难理解和掌握的语法单元，可按照学生的承受程度分配5-6个课时。剑三全册一共六次考试，分别是上册Unit1-Unit4，Uint5-Uint8,Uint9-Uint12,上册完毕，下册Unit1-

2、Unit8,全测完毕。 剑三的主要语法点有： 1.条件从句 3A 2.现在完成时 5A 3.定语从句 7A 4.宾语从句 7A 5.被动语态 8A 6.现在完成时的疑问句 10A 7.一般将来时 2B 8.反义疑问句 9B 9.过去进展时 10B 剑三主要句型有： 1.Shall we 2.Have you ever 3.感官动词+like的述句与疑问句。 4.lets 5.you should 6.you could 7.Be good at doing剑三主要教学目标是在学生学习过前三个级别，掌握一定的单词量和语法之后，对学生加强阅读理解与扩大知识，与文化视野扩展的阶段。在剑三学习的过程中

3、，培养学生英语的写作能力和口语表达能力。让学生能够用简单的英语写一些小文章或日记，尽量让学生在写英语作文的时候注意时态与小的语法点的正确。剑桥三级上册1-16单元重点Unit one根本句型： What classes do you have? Can you go to each class without passing any class twice? How far is your route in steps? On which class is nearest to the Music class? What is a best friend? Whats your favorit

4、e subject? Music is my favorite subject? I like Math.重点朗读词汇：Subject, art, music, math, Chinese, English, science, history, geography, without, pass, twice, route, step, best, friend, secret, lot, different, stuck, sad, problem, rich, poorUnit two根本句型： When is your birthday? On which day is your birt

5、hday? Who will be there? Well have a good time.重点朗读词汇：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, present, buy, choose, aunt, uncle, right, person, wish, blow, candles, buy a birthday cake, blow out candles, sing a song, give presents, make a wis

6、hUnit three根本句型： What was the weather like yesterday? It was windy It was sunny all the time. Did you go anywhere? No, I stayed at home Yes, I went to Zhongshan Park.重点朗读词汇：Weather, band, raindrop, fall, down, loudly, quietly, fog, bring, song, light, scarf, windy, sunny, stay, week, yesterday, clou

7、d, snow, sun, storm, rainUnit four根本句型： How far is it from Xidan to Wangfujing Street? You should turn left/right You should go straight on Excuse me. Can you tell me how far it is from Xidan street to Ditan Park? Its about 8 kilometers How long does it take by taxi? You are wele 重点朗读词汇：Find out, fa

8、r, distance, route, taxi, square, lake, street, palace, zoo, university, Olympic, centre, turn, right, left, minutes, foreign, Chinese, easily, city, other, ticket, everywhere, line, subwayUnit five 根本句型： Have you finished your homework ? No, I havent Dont worry! Ive got a helper Whats he called? He

9、s called “Robot Is he helping you do homework? Have you got a robot to help you?重点朗读词汇：Robot, helper, finish, already, golf, drum, rucksack, sledge, suitcase, torch, tent, pyramid, diary, finger, tadpole, campUnit six根本句型： Whats it like? It looks like a lizard What does it sound like? It sounds like

10、 a dog What does it feel like? It feels like wool. One more time, please Which sandwich do you like?重点朗读词汇：Lizard, octopus, zebra, silver, candle, metal, ring, striped, dinosaur, wool, sandwich, feel, sound, smell, taste, chocolate, heatproof, bowl, saucepan, chopsticks, knife, members, Belly, roast

11、, rubber, goodness, meat, careful, stomach, toilet, washroomUnit seven根本句型： This is the house where we live Whats your house like? Does it have a kitchen? I cant remember where I put my envelopes. Which is Williams holiday house? One of the numbers is less than five.重点朗读词汇：House, tent, town, house,

12、floating house, apartment, cave, hut, castle, bedroom, bathroom, dining room, kitchen, downstairs, upstairs, living room, balcony, mobile houseUnit eight根本句型： Time went by quickly Fire was first used 500,000 BC by Peking man The old London Bridge was built between 1176 and 1209. Whats the time? Its

13、six oclock Its twenty past four. Its a quarter to ten. Its half past nine. When does she usually have her breakfast?重点朗读词汇：Time, use, robot, London Bridge, Great Wall of the China, pyramids, dinosaur, fire, World Wide Web, global village, space walk, future, quarter, sandglass,candle clock, weight-d

14、riven clock, spring-driven clock, pendulum clockUnit nine根本句型：Shall we go camping next year? 明年我们去野营好吗？Which summer camp would you like to go to? 你想参加哪个夏令营？What shall we do? 我们应该做什么?What do camels eat? 骆驼吃什么？How does a puter work? 电脑是怎么运行的？What does “science mean? Science 是什么意思？Where are the pyramid

15、s? 金字塔在哪儿？Why am I short? 为什么我这么矮？What would you like to know? 你想了解什么？Anything was better than doing nothing. 做什么都比无事可做好。重点朗读词汇:go camping ,group, so,may-might, boring,else,tell a story,go for a walk, Australia,enjoy,hope,different,museum,playground,countryside,waterfall,bookshop,swan,idea,anything,

16、camel,bike-riding,Unit ten根本句型：Have you ever been to a science museum?你去过科技馆吗？Which exhibit do you like best? 你最喜欢那个展览？Did you have a good time there? 你在那里玩得开心吗？Where does the light e from？ 光来自哪里？I havent seen you for ages? 我好久没见你了。重点朗读词汇:science museum,airport,chemists,golf club,fire station,police

17、 station, restaurant,age,indeed,tape,recorder,jam ,businessman,college,fridge,freezer,crowd,wish,exhibit,circus,lucky,break-broke-broken,drop,crumb,enough,on a holiday,change,runny,water,movement,earth,rise,set,midday,periscope ,diagram ,sticky tape,bottomface, corner Unit eleven根本句型：Look carefully

18、at these things. 仔细看看这些东西。Whats special about them? 它们有什么特殊的？Whats it made of? 它是什么做的？Its made of plastic. 它是塑料做的。How about that one? 那一件呢？ Its too light. 它太轻了。重点朗读词汇: Carefully,special,material,plastic,bookcase,wood ,paper,metal,glass,wool ,silver,others, plate,cupboard,shelf,fork ,chopsticks,cooke

19、r,scissors,spoon,glove,shell,seashore,recycle,empty,useful,reuse,happen,china ,light,weak,expensive,noisy ,hard,heavy ,ugly,cheap,Unit twelve根本句型：Olympic Games are going to be held in Beijing.奥运会将在举行。Who is the best player? 谁是最好的运动员？Gold medals will be given to the best athletes。金牌将发给最好的运动员。What can

20、 you do for Olympics? 你能为奥运会做什么？When was Yao Ming born? 明什么时候出生的？Where was he born? 他出生在什么地方？When did Yao Ming begin to like basketball?明从什么时候开始喜欢篮球的？重点朗读词汇:Olympic Games,athlete,gold medal,high jump ,long jump,diving,water polo ,badminton,boxing ,baseball,basketball,rowing,skating ,sailing,running

21、,volleyball,shooting,tennis,cycling,hockey ,handball,wrestling,protect environment,volunteer,historicalinterest,humanbeings,mixed double,directly,diagonally ,cheer,greet,smile,unfriendly,centimeter,team , several,match,childhood,whoever ,skin ,land,wide,blood,pain,joy Unit thirteen根本句型：Help a little

22、 boy find his mom. 帮一个小男孩找到妈妈。Speak nicely to the businesswoman. 有礼貌地和一个女商人谈话。The first person to get home is the winner. 第一个到家的人获胜。Move on a space. 前移一格 Miss a turn. 失去一次机会。Take a shortcut to 15. 走捷径到15格。Stand on their own feet. 自立。重点朗读词汇:Christmas ,space,miss,businesswoman ,forget,treasure,present

23、,Santa,stairs, policeman,winner,address,wardrobe,jingle ,bell,deliver,hand, fall over ,code,list,stocking,wreath,reindeer,carol,dashing through,sleigh,bobtail ,spirit,season,summer,winter, gift,rucksack,belt腰带 famous ,mouse Unit fourteen根本句型：We love to play games. 我们喜欢做游戏。Our ship is leaving soon. 我

24、们的船马上要离开了。We are going around the world. 我们准备环游世界。What kind of game do you like to play? 你喜欢玩什么种类的游戏？What am I going to draw? 我准备画什么呢？What made you so happy? 什么使你如此高兴？重点朗读词汇:Leave,around ,soon,laugh,finish,score, airport,caf,cinema ,museum , station,hospital,library ,stone,soup,whole,everything ,tas

25、te tasty, excellent,pot, stranger,village villager,colourful,fit for,wonder, wonderful ,milk ,ill,lose-lost, bridge ,Unit fifteen根本句型：Heres a letter for you. 这有一封你的信件。Where does Miss Wang live? 王小姐住在哪里？How do you spell Green? 你怎么拼写green这个单词？What books did you buy? 你买的什么书？What is the first day of the

26、 week? 一周的第一天是什么？What is your favourite colour? 你最喜欢的颜色是什么？Have you ever been to the US? 你去过美国吗？Who is the oldest person in your family? 你们家谁的年龄最大？How many people are there in your family? 你家有多少人？How did you go to the zoo yesterday? 你昨天怎么去公园的？Have you got an English name? 你有英语名字吗?重点朗读词汇:Question,wha

27、t,where,which,who,how many,how much,newspaper ,fruit,castle,treasure,suddenly,coin,throw ,flute, country, send-sent-sent,worry about ,angry, notany more,Unit sixteen根本句型：When I grow up, I might be an astronaut。当我长大后，我可能会成为宇航员。This way, please. 请这边走。A clown is a person who makes people laugh.小丑就是都人发笑

28、的人。You can have dinner here. 你可以在这吃晚饭。When did the story happen? 故事发生在什么时候？Where was Emma watching the stars from?爱玛从哪里观察到星星的？What did Emma see at the door? 爱玛在门口看到了什么？重点朗读词汇:Businessman,businesswoman,nurse,doctor,policeman,policewoman,actor,actress,journalist, astronaut,fireman, firewoman ,secretar

29、y,farmer,pilot,cook ,photographer,engineer ,dentist, painter, footballer ,spacecraft ,theatre,grown-up,through ,timeline ,flashlight,knock,horrible,mechanic,cleaner 剑桥三级下册1-16单元重点Unit 1 Whats your favorite season? Words: favorite最喜欢的 season季节 spring春 summer夏 autumn秋 winter冬 piic 野餐 enjoy the sunshin

30、e享受 leaf-leaves叶子(复数) forest森林 树林 snowball雪球 sledge雪橇 fur coat 皮衣 swallow燕子 gentle温柔的 轻柔的 field田地 田野 flap拍动 煽动 bluebird知更鸟 butterfly 蝴蝶 rainbow彩虹 wire电线 hate痛恨 wing翅膀 mean-meant-meant意思是 thread 线 knot结 打结 spin转动 apart分开 be back =e backSentences:Whats your favorite season? 你最喜欢的季节是什么?I like spring. 我

31、喜欢春天.Why do you like spring? 你为什么喜欢春天?Because spring is beautiful. 因为春天很美.What season is it? 这是什么季节?Its time to move on. 该飞走了.Unit 2 Being happy all year roundWords: January一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月 interesting有趣的 diamond

32、菱形 宝石 raise举起 drop落下 merry-goround旋转木马 Spring Festival 春节 New Years Day元旦 Easter复活节 Labor Day 五一劳动节 Childrens Day六一儿童节 summer vocation暑假 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Teachers Day 教师节 National Day国庆节 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 Christmas 圣诞节 have a singsong 唱支歌 afraid恐怕 害怕 angry 生气 camel骆驼 horrible可怕的 nearby附近的 e

33、nough 足够的 appear 出现 shy 害羞的 follow 跟随 at the top of his voice用他最大的声音 until直到 since自从 decide to决定 决心 echo回声Sentences: Which holiday do you like? 你喜欢哪个节日?I like Childrens Day. 我喜欢儿童节.When is that? 什么时候是儿童节?Its on June 1st. 在六月一日.What do you usually do on this holiday? 这个节日你经常干什么?You can join us if you

34、 like. 如果你喜欢你可以和我们一起玩.How many months have twenty-eight days? 二十八天的有几个月?In which month do people eat the least? 哪个月人们吃的最少?Unit 3 What are you good at?Words: drum 鼓 cooking烹调 volunteer志愿者 choose 选择 Olympic games奥林匹克运动会 act表演 amazing使人吃惊的 excellent极好的 perhaps 可能 大概 be born出生 a few 一些 几个 even if甚至 即使 o

35、ne by one一个接一个 bee变得 成为 different不同的 finger手指 kind和蔼的 友善的 种类 actually 实际上Sentences: What are you good at? 你擅长什么?Im good at playing drum. 我擅长打鼓.Im good at cooking. 我擅长做饭.Lets play “Bingo.让我们来做 bingo “游戏吧.In which sports would you use these things? 在哪项运动里用这些东西?What are they good at? 他们什么做的好?Why do we

36、have to go to school? 为什么我们必须去上学?Unit 4 Lets go for a walk.Words: burger汉堡 about关于 大约 minute分钟 walk步行 散步 mile 英里as much as和一样 be good for 对有好处 almost几乎 strengthen增强加强 go forward to 向前 go back to 后退 回到 actor女演员 up to now 到现在 within在之 ever since从那之后 pass away死去 think of想过 考虑 notany more不再 as strong as

37、 a young man和年轻人一样强壮 take some medicine服药 sick 生病的 health健康 Olympic奥林匹克 London伦敦 Athens 雅典Paris巴黎 Berlin柏林 Rome罗马 Helsinki赫尔辛基 Moscow莫斯科 Mexico墨西哥 Seoul汉城 Montreal蒙特里尔 Atlanta亚特兰大 BeijingSentences: Where have they been? 他们去过哪?Lets go and buy some burgers. 我们去买些汉堡吧.How about some hot dogs? 热狗怎么样?Walk

38、ing helps you sleep better. 散步有助于睡眠.He had been in bed for forty years. 他已经在床上躺了四十年了.He could find nothing wrong with her. 他发现她没有生病.Unit 5 Math problemsWords: problem问题 spin旋转 wheel轮子 team 队 组 member成员 move on向前移动 reach到达够着 item 物品spend花费 triangle三角形 pattern图案 cover覆盖 square正方形 clever聪明的 easy-going平

39、易近人的 work out算出来 important重要的 receive接到收到 continue继续 match比赛 pass经过 ready准备好的 space空间 太空 add加 添加 plus加上 minus减去 unit单元 page页码 finish 完毕完成 learn学会 interesting有意思的 有趣的 difficult困难的 radio收音机 无线电 oxygen氧气 suits 服装Sentences.:How many goats and sheep are there? 有多少只山羊和绵羊?How many animals are there altoget

40、her? 一共有多少个动物?Which unit are you learning now? 你们正在学习哪个单元?How many units have you learned? 你们已经学了几个单元了?Which page is Unit 14 on? 第十四单元在哪一页?Which is the most interesting unit? 哪个单元最有趣味呢?Which is the most difficult unit? 哪个单元最难?How many pages has the book got? 这本书有多少页?Unit 6 How tall are you?Words: me

41、asure测量 centimeter厘米 height身度 高 tall高 shortest最矮的 of course当然 camp野营 body-building 健身的 grow 生长guess猜 nobody没有人 movement运动 移动 age 年龄weight体重 hobby业余爱好 salt盐 skip跳 court球场 pick on 嘲笑 欺侮shot投 发射 net网 prayer祈祷 patience 耐心dinner正餐 晚饭 inch 英寸 寸determination 决心 go on practicing 继续练习 a close tie 打成平局hurt受伤

42、chance机会 step步 in the end 最后Sentences:How tall are you? 你有多高?How tall is it? 它是多高?Who is the tallest in Group A? 在A 组谁最高?Who is the shortest in Group B? 在B 组谁最矮?Where have you been? 你去哪了?Ive been to a winter camp. 我去夏令营了.I guess so. 我猜是这样.Lets go there together. 我们一起去那吧.Unit 7 What did you do last w

43、eekend?Words: weekend 周末 first首先第一 next其次 下一个 later on后来 finally终于 最后 lunch午饭 restaurant饭店 kangaroo袋鼠 visit拜访 参观 theatre电影院 piic野餐 science museum 科技馆 newspaper报纸 shower淋浴 machine机器 spaceship宇宙飞船 documentary记实片/小说 polite有礼貌的 laugh笑 bottom 顶部(反义词 top ) dark glasses 墨镜 sip小口地喝 a bit of一点 +名词 a bit一点+形容

44、词 shout out大叫 naughty淘气的 unopened 未打开的 indeed 确实 确实Sentences:What did you do last weekend? 上周末你干什么了?I had a great time. 我玩的很愉快. I did many things. 我干了许多事. I remember. 我记得.Only yesterday I was very short, but today I am tall.仅仅是昨天我还很矮,但今天我长高了.What a shame. 真丢人! 真惭愧!Unit 8 Science makes our life easy!

45、Words: happen发生 world 世界 example例如 medicine药 ill生病的 health健康 closely接近的 pilot飞行员 astronaut宇航员 nurse护士 engineer工程师 player运动员 email nervous紧不安的 brave勇敢的 smell闻 geography地理 mountain 山 stomach ache 胃疼 subject科目 课程 river河流 lake 湖泊 tights紧身衣 mechanic 机械师 machine 机器 dinosaur恐龙 extinct灭绝的 study研究 学习 planet星

46、球 patient 病人 pupil学生 bridge桥 scientist科学家 belt裤带 腰带 crumple挤压 弄皱 opposite对面的 childhood童年 interest感兴趣 pass圆规 指南针 Sentences: catch a cold 感冒What kind of food is good for our health? 什么食物对我们的健康好?Why do we need medicine when we are ill? 当我们生病时为什么需要吃药?Talking makes my mouth dry. 说话使我嘴巴干.Im afraid of talk

47、ing in front of my class. 我害怕面对全班同学讲话.Is there anything else you want to do? 你还需要做别的什么吗?Unit 9 Its going to rain, isnt it?Words: quickly 迅速地 afraid害怕的 stay停留 crocodile鳄鱼 kitten小猫 octopus章鱼 swan天鹅 dinosaur恐龙 camel骆驼 whale鲸鱼 puppy 小狗 dolphin海豚 giraffe长颈鹿 spider蜘蛛 lizard 蜥蜴 kettle茶壶 boil煮 pan平地锅 block块

48、 spout壶嘴 form 形成 trick诡计花招 sailor 海员 alongside沿着 yell叫喊 欢呼声 through通过 穿过 spell拼写 poster海报 title主题 题目Sentences: Its going to rain, isnt it? 要下雨了, 不是吗?You can e here. 你能来这儿.We like rain. 我喜欢雨.Run back home quickly. 快跑回家.Are dolphins friendly? 海豚友好吗?Do dolphins have a language? 海豚有语言吗?How fast can dolp

49、hins swim per hour? 海豚每小时能游多远?Unit 10 Guess: What was happening at about 1:30 yesterday afternoon?Words: wardrobe 衣柜 window窗户 mat 地毯 footprint脚印 handprint手印 messy 乱糟糟的 untidy凌乱的 litter垃圾 杂物 stool凳子 dress-up打扮 happen发生 smoke烟 吸烟 firemen 消防员 save救 fire-engine 消防车 brave勇敢的 dangerous危险的 hurt受伤 broken 坏的

50、破的 horrible恐怖的 terrible可怕的 nowhere没有地方 无处 dwarf矮人 queen女王 王后 mirror镜子 prince王子 Singapore新加坡 Malay马来语 language 语言 point at 指点 insect 昆虫hive蜂箱 put out the fire灭火 sill窗台 step-mother继母 dead 死的Sentences:What was happening at about 1:30 yesterday afternoon?昨天下午一点半发生了什么事?What will you do if there is a fire

51、 in the kitchen? 如果厨房失火了你将会怎么办?What will you do if you cut your finger? 如果你割破了手指怎么办?What will you do if you have lost your book? 如果你的书丢了你该怎么办?What was he/she doing at 8 yesterday evening? 他/她昨晚八点在干什么?Unit 11 Will you e to our English party?Words: English party英语晚会 start开始 invite邀请 else 其他的 finish完毕

52、present礼物 give somebody a ring给某人打 twinkle闪烁 wonder想知道 diamond 宝石钻石blazing熊熊燃烧的 spark 火花 on line puter games网上游戏 dangerous危险的 rub 擦 摩擦 dirt泥灰尘 germ细菌 sticky拈的 spit口水 吐唾液 in trouble陷入困境 遇到麻烦 thin薄的 瘦的 beat击拍打 angle 角度 sharp锋利的 尖的 teeth牙齿(复数) remember记得 tall 高的 never从不 决不 somewhere某个地方 cheese奶酪 mistak

53、e错误 partner合伙人 同伴 check 检查correct正确的Sentences:Will you e to our English party? 你来参加我们的英语晚会吗?What time does the party start? 晚会几点开始?It starts at about 6 p.m. 下午六点.开始.Its beautiful, isnt it? 它很漂亮,不是吗?They havent finished yet. 他们还没有完成呢.Who is going to play the drums today? 谁将会敲鼓呢?Unit 12 Always somethi

54、ng interesting and nice to remember.Words: always总是 during 在期间 each other互相 card卡片 feel感觉 last for持续 midnight午夜 let off fire-crackers放爆竹 drive away赶走 greet问候 招呼 Easter复活节 celebration庆祝 rebirth轮回 复活 再生 bunny小兔子 relax放松 similar相似的 Turkey土耳其 both两者都 lucky 幸运的 president总统 mankind 人类 signify 象征 reunion团圆

55、 moonlight月光 date日期 Santa Claus圣诞老人 Christmas bell圣诞铃铛 beard 胡子blooming 盛开的 golden金色的 crown皇冠 castle城堡 hide藏 躲藏 whisper小声说 耳语 secretly秘密地 Christian 基督徒 married 结婚的 land 土地 wooden木头的 road路 rope绳子 steal 偷 agree同意 bin 箱子 change 变化Sentences:people from all walks of life 各行各业的人们in our daily life, many pe

56、ople help us a lot. 在我们的日常生活中,All over the world 遍与世界各地Get ready for 准备好做the more trees we have, the better the environment. 树越多, 环境越好. Which month is your favorite? 你最喜欢哪个月?Happy New Year! 新年快乐!This is the most important holiday in China. 这是中国最重要的节日.October first is our National Day. 十月一是我们的国庆节.Are

57、 you good at math? 你擅长数学吗?Unit 13 Our beautiful environmentWords: environment环境 neighborhood 附近地区 近邻 newly最近 再一次 tidy整齐的 amusement娱乐 free自由的 免费的 safe安全的 roller-skate滑旱冰 petition比赛 special特别的 suggestion建议意见 invite邀请 title主题 题目 protect保护 condition 条件状况 habitat居住地 forest 森林 jungle丛林 desert沙漠 wood 树林pon

58、d 池塘 growth生长 sunlight terrible可怕的 bottle瓶子 collect收集 mean意思是 意味着 方法 fresh 新鲜的 building建筑 trash垃圾 litter垃圾 notice 注意 通知 idea 主意 方法 survive 活着继续存在 chewing gum 口香糖 quality质量 in fact实际上 visitor游客 put up悬挂 贴 remind 提醒 at least至少 monitor 班长 Sentences:Bee worse and worse 变得越来越差.You are joking. 你在开玩笑吧.It d

59、epends. 那得看情况.Where do you want to live? 你想住在什么地方?The environment needs to be protected. 环境需要保护.On my left, there are some beautiful houses. 在我左边, 有一些美丽的房子.Why can people live in different places? 为什么人们能生活在不同的地方?Why should we protect our environment? 为什么我们要保护环境?Why are you here so early in the park?

60、 为什么你这么早来公园?So what should we do? 那么我们应当怎么办呢？Thats great. 太好了.Whats on your mind? 你在想什么?Can we do something about it? 关于这我们能做些什么?Unit 14 Everything is fun.Words: tip 小技巧 camera相机 sideways 从一边的 侧部的upright直立的 竖立的 subject 题材 主题 科目 countryside view 乡村景色 fill up 填满 充满 background 背景 reflection反射 flash闪光灯 size up 估计 gun枪 branch树枝 ink pa