人教八下版Unit7知识点练习教师版

《人教八下版Unit7知识点练习教师版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教八下版Unit7知识点练习教师版（27页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、较级和最高绸的变化规则Languages -屮V相关句型的理解 与运用Unit 7 What the highest mountain in the world?ReadingQcmolangma-the most dangerous mountain in the worldListen and number.血血5f Listening aridTalk about geography Speaking and nature/Write a paragraph about、whales and why the reed la / VWlting b 呂 protected；27初中把八下英

2、语一教师版知识淸单重点1掌握形容词和副词比较级最高级的变化规则；2.常用句型的学习，女口as.as;比较级+than等；难点1. （ not） as.as2.o ne of + the +形容词的最高级+复数名词3.It is + adj. + to do sth易错点1. 形容词比较级最高级的不规则变化；2. The+ 比.,the+ 比.句型；3. 比and比句型高频考点1. 形容词比较级最高级变形；2. 其相关的句型的灵活运用；J_词汇淸单词汇：squaren.正方形；平方metern.米；公尺deepadj.深的desertn.沙漠populati onn.人口；Asian.亚洲wal

3、ln.墙tourv.旅行；旅游touristn.游客an cie ntadj.古代的；古老的protectv.保护；防护wideadj.宽的；宽阔的paragraphn.段落thickadj.厚的；浓的in cludev.包括；包含con diti onn.条件；状况take in吸入；吞入succeedn.成功Japa nn.日本in the face of面对achievev.实现；到达forcen.力量naturen.自然ocea nn.大海；海洋weighadj.有.重；重at birth出生时bamboon.竹子researchv.调查；研究awakeadj.醒着的；exciteme

4、 ntn.激动；兴奋illn essn.疾病adultn.成年人remai nv.遗留；剩余gover nmentn.政府hugeadj.巨大的oiln.油；食用油知识梳理第一部分：词汇精讲* “.achievev.达到；完成；成功如果wo不加加紧努力工作，他会一事无成。e.g. He will n ever achieve anything if he does n【拓展】achieveme nt n.成就；成绩e.g. We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 当我们到达山顶的

5、时候，我们有一种巨大的成就感。 2.southwestern adj.西南的；西南方向的e.g. Is this Southwestern Airline? 这是西南航空公司吗？* 3.include v.包含；包括e.g. Her hobbies in clude swim ming and garde ning.她爱好游泳和园艺。石4.condition n.条件；状况e.g. The pia no was in good con diti on.这台钢琴状况良好。 5.take in吸入；容纳take in意为吸入；吞入(体内)”。例如：On weeke nds the Smiths u

6、sually drive to the coun tryside and take in the fresh air there.周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。【拓展】(1) take in意为领会；理解”。例如：Before you tran slate a senten ce, you should first take in the mea ning of the words.动手翻译句子之前，首先要理解单词的含义。(2) take in意为欺骗；蒙蔽”。例如：Law will protect the girl taken in and sold by the abd

7、uctor.法律将保护那位被人贩子欺骗和拐卖的姑娘。take in意为接收；收留”。例如：The poor man had no where to live in, so we took him in.那个可怜的人没有地方住，所以我们让他住在我家。【拓展】take off起飞；脱下；动身；匆匆离开take place发生；进行；举行；产生take notes记笔记；做笔记；记录；作笔记take photos照相，拍照；摄影* 6.succeedv.实现目标；成功e.g. If you try hard you ll s你如果努力就会成功。【用法】 succeed in doing sth.e.

8、g. Police have fin ally succeeded in solvi ng the mystery.警察最终成功破解了这个疑案。【比较】1) success n既做可数名词也做不可数名词。当其作可数名词时，意思为成功，胜利，成名。【用法】 success in sth/d oing sth做不可数名词时，意思为，成功的人或事，make a success of sth=2) succeed v达到目的，实现目标【用法】 succeed in doing sth3) successful adj.达到目的；成功的【用法】 be successful in sth/d oing s

9、th曲 7.challenge v. & n.挑战；考验e.g. The job doesn t really challenge him项工作不能真正的考验他。e.g.The new government s first challenge is the economy新政府面临的第一个挑战是经济问题。爭8.in the face of面对（困难、问题等）e.g. In the face of difficulties, hes comp他在困困难面aid毫不胆怯。* 9. populationpopulation意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中做主语时，后面的谓语动词

10、用单数形式。例如：The populati on of China is large. 中国人口众多。【拓展】(1)当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of +某地+ is+数词”或“某地 + has a population of +数词”。例如：The populati on of London is over ten milli on.=London has a populati on of over ten milli on.伦敦的人口超过一千万。population可与large, small搭配，但不能与 many, few搭

11、配。例如：The city with its large populatio n has become crowded. 这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。 询问人口数量常用 what或how large。例如：What s the population of the city? =How large is the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口？population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：One half of the populati on of the city are farmers. 这个城市

12、的一半人口是农民。律 10. protectprotect作及物动词，意为保护”。常用搭配protect sb./sth. from/aga in st,意为保护某人/某物免受伤害”。例如：We should protect rare animals.我们应该保护珍稀动物。Pare nts protect their young from dan ger.父母保护他们的儿女不受伤害。11. includeinclude作动词，意为“包括；包含”。例如：The price for the hotel in cludes breakfast.旅店的费用包括早餐在内。The parcel in cl

13、uded a dicti onary. 那包裹里有一本字典。【拓展】in cludi ng除了是in elude的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括 在内”。例如：There are many differe nt kinds of moon cakes, in cludi ng fruit, coffee and ham.有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月饼。There are 40 students in the classroom, including me. 班里有 40 名学生，包括我在内。 同样，include

14、d也有介词用法，且：including + 宾语 =宾语 + included。所以上个例句亦可写成：There are 40 stude nts in the classroom, me in cluded.* 12. force(1) force作名词，意为力；力量；武力”。例如：The force of the explosi on broke all the win dows in the build ing.爆炸的力量震碎了这座建筑上的所有窗户。The law should remai n in force. 法律应当有效力。we ll settle the problem by f

15、orce if necessary.如果有必要的话，我们会用武力解决这个问题。(2) force作动词，意为强迫”。force sb. to do sth.意为强迫某人做某事”。例如：I can t force him to sta我不能强迫他暂时留下来。律 13. weighweigh表示称的重量”，是及物动词；表示重(多少)”，是不及物动词。He weighed the fish.他称了这条鱼。Do you often weigh yourself? 你经常称体重吗 ？He weighs 60 kilos.他体重 60 公斤。The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重

16、五磅。【拓展】weight是名词，意为重量，体重”。例如：What s your weight?你体重是多少？比较： by weight 和 in weightby weight 表示按重量” ,in weight表示重量上”。例如：Do they charge carriage by weight?他们是按重量收取运费吗 ？It s smaller in size but greater in weight.它体积比较小，但分量比较重。词汇精练I. 英汉短语互译。1 .出生时2 .跌倒3. 和某人一起玩4. 砍伐5 吸入；吞入（体内） 6. in the future7. talk abou

17、t8. walk into9. as far as I know10. give up11. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1. Every year thousands of tcome to visit my hometown .2. The Great Wall is an aman-made object .3. Many ani mals are in dan ger. We should do someth ing to pthem .4. Work hard and you can ayour dream .5. It s midnightbut I am not asleep,

18、 I am still a.6. Pan das feed on（竹子）.7. （日本）is to the east of China .8 . His（病）was more serious than the doctor first thought .9. The（旅行）took in six European capitals .10 . Are there any（野生的）animals in the forest?III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. I want to know the（weigh） of the vegetables .2 . My sister could

19、n t getepD. sShe was still（wake）.3 . The boys were running in（excite）.4 . He died after a long（ill）.5 . She（fall） over and broke her leg .【参考答案】I.英汉短语互译。I. at birth2 . fall over 3 . play with sb . 4 . cut down 5 . take in6.在将来 7.谈论 8 .撞到；走进 9.据我所知10 .放弃II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1 . tourists 2 . ancient 3 .

20、 protect 4 . achieve 5 . awake6 . bamboo 7 . Japa n 8 . ill ness 9 . tour 10 . wildIII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. weight 2. awake 3. excitement 4. illness 5. fell第二部分：重点句型爲 1. Fell free to ask me anything on today s Great Wall tour.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。【用法】fell free是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你feel free to do some

21、th in g,就是让你无需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom?我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？B: Yes, feel free.可以，请随意。岳 2. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.据我所知，再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。【用法】as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式，还可以说so far as I know,意思是 据我所知”e.g. As far as I know, Jack s got tw就我所知，杰克有一对孪生姐妹

22、。e.g.They re not coming today, so far as I know.他们今天不来了 -就我所知是这样的。匸怪 3. One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,世界上最危险的运动之一就是爬山。【用法】one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词/代词，意为“最之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class.他弟弟是这个班最高的男生之一。The song is one of the m

23、ost popular songs. 这首歌是最流行的歌之一。One of us has nothi ng for breakfast.我们中有一个人没吃早饭。O4t is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你到达顶端的时候，呼吸是非常困难的。【用法】It is + adj. + to do sth.,it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放在句尾。【拓展】常用于此句型的形容词有important, difficult ,dangerous, necessary, useful, possible等，用来对to do

24、sth.进行说明。此句型可以转换成To do sth. is + adj.。e.g. It is importa nt to study En glish well. 学好英语很困难。e.g.It s very difficult to climb Qomolangma.攀登珠穆朗玛峰很难。O备 5. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.更严重的困难包括严寒的气候条件和暴雨。【比较】difficulty既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。【用法】作可数名词时通常用复数

25、，表示具体概念，即：各式各样的困难，难题，难事”e.g.He s havi ng finan cial difficulties.他正手头拮据。【用法】作不可数名词时，译作困难，艰难，幸苦”e.g.She had great difficulty in un dersta nding him.她很难理解他说的话。f 6.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些运动员的精神向我们展示了我们不应该放弃努力去实现我们的梦想。【用法】give up

26、意为 放弃”，后面可以接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。【拓展】如果其宾语是名词，那么名词可以放在give和up之间，也可以放在up之后；如果其宾语是代词，那么代词只能放在give和up之间。e.g.My un cle wants to give up drinking wine.我叔叔想戒酒。e.g.Although English isn t easy to learn, I won虽然英语不易学，但我不会放弃。.Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?为什么尽管爬山很危险，

27、人们还是想要尝试呢？【用法】even though用作从属连词，意为即使；尽管，相当于even if,弓I导让步状语从句，一般不与并列连词but连用。e.g.Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rai ns. 尽管下雨，但王老师会按时来。f 8. This spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.give up是动词短语，意为放弃；停止；戒除” 。give up doing something意为放弃做某

28、事；半途而 废”。例如：She doesn give up easily.她不会轻易放弃。The doctors had give n her up but she made a remarkable recovery.医生们已放弃了治愈她的希望，而她却恢复得很好。You ought to give up smok in g; I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。【拓展】give的相关短语：give away赠送，分发；give off放出，释放；give in屈服，让步；give out分发，用完； give back归还f 9. Scientists

29、 say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forests.本句中livi ng in the remai ning forests 为现在分词短语，修饰名词pan das。分词短语作定语时，应置于被修饰名词之后。例如：The man standing by the window is our teacher. 站在窗边的那个人是我们老师。（standing by the window就是一短语，也就是说不是一个单词，在此作定语表主动）Sudde nly there appeared a young wo

30、ma n dressed in gree n.突然出现一个穿绿色衣服的女青年。（过去分词短语作定语表被动或完成）【注意】区别：现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，表示主动意义；及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动的动作。例如：They lived in the house faci ng the south. 他们住在朝南的房子里。 （现在分词作定语表示主动意义 ）The meeti ng held yesterday is importa nt. 昨天开的会议很重要。 （及物动词的过去分词表被动或完成）（2）分词

31、短语作定语相当于一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词。例如：The man reading a novel at the desk is my father.（现在分词表 主动、正在” ）=The man who is reading a novel at the desk is my father. 在桌边读小说的人是我父亲。Is there any thi ng pla nned for to ni ght?（过去分词表被动、已经”）=Is there anything that has bee n pla nned for toni ght? 今晚有什么活动吗？10. Pandas do not

32、 have many babies, maybe one every two years.every+基数词+复数名词=every+序数词+单数名词，作每（多少）”解。例如：every three days 每三天或每隔两天 相当于 every third day我们每隔两天（每三天）交一次作业。”。例如：每隔一棵树”。例如：We hand in our homework every three days.【拓展】“every other+单数名词”意为每隔一 every other day 每隔一天 every other tree“every few+复数名词”意为每隔几every few

33、 days 每隔几天句式精练I .连词成句。1. the, what s cheapest, in, the, car, store?2. Mary , her, a, is, lot, serious, more, than, sister3 .David , as, is, as,me,clever4 .the,ani mals,has,more,zoo, than, that, one5 .the,theater,best,what,s movie?II.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. Basketball is more popular than football in the U

34、SA .（改为同义句）Football ispopular as basketball in the USA .2. I m tall My best friend is also tall .（合并为一句）My best frie nd and I.3. Tom is tall . Jim is short.（合并为一句）Tom ism .4 . Tom and Jack don t look the sar（i改为同义句）Tom looksJack .5 . The population of this city is about 6 million.（ 就划线部分提问）is the po

35、pulati on of this city?III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1. 这所学校招收外国学生。The schoolforeign students .2 .你的房间和我的一样大。Your room ismine .3. 世界上最高的人是谁？Who isin the world?4. 他是中国最有名的作家之一。He isin China .5. 我的苹果比你的大得多。My apple isthan yours .6. 那些幼崽经常死于疾病，不会活太长时间。The babies oftenand do not live very long7 科学家说现在有不到 2, 000只熊猫居住

36、在剩下的森林里。Scie ntists say there are nowtha n 2， 000 pan dasin the remai ning forests .IV. 语法专练：用方框中所给短语完成句子。the funni est performer , the loudest, the most tale nted, the best sin ger, the dullest1. Wang Lin won the prize for . She sang a cute pop song2. Zhou Jian told us a very funny story , so he wa

37、s.3. The boys musigaoup sang so loud that they wereof all .4. The prize foractress went to Liu Meili , for she played best in the opera.5. Li Ming with his pet parrot showed us a short play . But he couldn t make the bird talk as people cddbevery one thought their play wasone .V. 从方框中选择恰当的句子补全下列对话，使

38、对话意思完整。（其中有两项多余）A . What s it used for?B . That sounds in teresti ng .C . It s very usefulD . How can it fly?E . Who i nvented it?F . How was it inven ted?G . It s used for opening and locking our autobikeA : Look at that strange thing , Wei Hua! What s that?B : It s a key 1A : Autobike? What s it t

39、hen?B : It s a batteperated mach ine and it was inven ted by my father!A:3B : It s used for riding or flyingA : Flying? 4B : You can just ride it like ridi ng an autobike and it will fly if it goes fast eno ughA :5 I think your father is so great!B : I thi nk so . He has inven ted many things .【参考答案

40、】I .连词成句。1. What s the cheapest car in the store2. Mary is a lot more serious than her sister3. David is as clever as me4. The zoo has more animals than that one5. What s the best movie theaterII. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. not as/so2. are both tall3. taller than4. different from5. How largeIII. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

41、1. takes in2. as big as3. the tallest person4. one of the most famous writers5. much bigger6. die from illnesses7. fewer; livingIV. 语法专练：用方框中所给短语完成句子。1. the best sin ger 2. the funni est performer 3. the loudest 4 . the most tale nted 5 . the dullestV. 从方框中选择恰当的句子补全下列对话，使对话意思完整。（其中有两项多余）1-5 GEADB第三部

42、分：语法点拨形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则一、规则变化1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级+er ,最高级+ est女口： clever cleverer cleverestfew fewer fewestsmall smaller smallest 等。2）以e结尾的词，比较级+r,最高级+ st即可。女口：nice n icer ni cestcute cuter cutestlarge larger largest3）以辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为i + er或est。女口 ：easy easier easiesthappy happier happiest再如：ea

43、rly, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleased more pleased the most pleasedtired more tired the most tired二、不规则变化：good better best well better bestbad worse worstmany / much more mostfar farther farthest（距离远）far -furtherfurthest（程度深）old -elder -eldest（长幼）old -older -oldest（年龄）、比较级考点 比较级修饰问题

44、a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。e.g. Tom is a little taller tha n Jim.This book is much more in terest ing tha n that one. 同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi an.Our school is bigger tha n yours. the +比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “ a/an+:匕

45、较级”表示 又一，再一 ”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?You d better come earlier next time.He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. 越来越.a. 比较级+ and +比较级b. the +比较级 +句子，the +比较级 +句子a. e.g. It s getting colder and colder.Th

46、e more you exercise, the better you are.四、最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题e.g. Tom is the tallest stude nt in the class.Spring is the best seas on of the year. “.之一”问题e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “ the + 序数词+最咼级e.g. I think he is the sec ond tallest boy in his cla

47、ss.3比较级和最高级的转换e.g. Tom is the tallest stude nt in the class.=Tom is taller tha n any other stude nt in the class.=Tom is taller tha n all the other stude nts in the class.=No other students are taller than Tom.五、同级比较 as + adj./adv. + ase.g. She is as thi n as Lily.He writes as carefully as Lin da. n

48、ot + as/so + adj./adv. + ase.g. Tony did nt run so fast as Carter经典例题【词汇篇】例1.用括号内词的适当形式填空。 Jim is very. Li Lei isthan Jim. (hungry) Kate s moon cakes areof all. (ni ce)【考点】形容词的比较级最高级。【解析】1.“ Jim很饿，LiLei更比他更饿”两者之间比较，用比较级；2. “凯特的月饼是所有人中最好的”用最高级【答案】1.hungry ； hungrier 2.the nicest例 2. () Jack s handwri

49、ting is asas Mike s.goodB. betterC. best【考点】as+adj 原形 +as【解析】“杰克的书写和迈克一样好”as.as中间接形容词原形【答案】A例 3.（） 15. In the past most people diedillness.A. in B. by C. off D. from【考点】die的短语搭配的用法【解析】在过去大多数人死于疾病”，die from和die of都可以翻译成死于”，差别在于die from是外界原因，如车祸等；die of是内部原因，如疾病.【答案】C例 4. （）. That building is about 10

50、0 meters.A. tall B. high C. taller D. higher【考点】近义词辨析【解析】“那个楼大概100米高”形容建筑物高用high，形容人高用tall。句中无比较关系，所以原则原形即可。【答案】B【句型语法篇】例 5. （） Our family has bought a car so we can travelthan before.A. most easilyB. less easilyC. easilyD. more easily【考点】as soon as引导的主将从现【解析】主句一般将来时/祈使句/含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。【答案】C例 6. （

51、） My father told me a story last night. It isone I ve ever heard.A. the funni estB. funni estC. funnierD. the funnier【考点】固定搭配【解析】keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事【答案】D【能力篇】Jim, Kate and Li Ming are doing the homework together（ 一起）.Jims spelling of Monday is wrong （ 错 误）.Kate tells him about it. Li Mi ng w

52、ants to borrow （ 借）an eraser from Jim or Kate. Jim says he has one and gives it to Li Ming. Li Ming tha nks Jim for his help. Jim says, Youre welcome. Now Jim says Tha nks very much to Kate for her help. Kate says Thats all right. The three childre n are stude nts in a school in Beijing. Jim is from

53、 London. Kate is from New York. Li Ming is a Chin ese girl. They are good frien ds. They often do homework and play games together. They often help each other （ 互相 ）.（）41. Jim is.A. an En glish girl B. an America n girl C. an En glish boyD. an America n boy()42. Kate helps Jim with.A. his spelli ngB

54、. an eraser C. a ruler D. a pencil()43. Li Mi ng borrowsA. an eraser from Kate B. an eraser from JimC. a ruler from Kate D. a ruler from Jim()44. The three stude nts are.A. not in the same class B. in U.K. C. in Beiji ngD. in USA()45. They are.A. doing homework B. playi ng gamesC. readi ngD. clea ni

55、ng the room【答案】 CABCA课后作业Unit 7 What the highest mountain in the world综合能力演练【巩固练习】I. 单项选择。1. The baby is about 52 centimeters tallbirth .A . in B. atC. on D . for2. The young man ismore famous than his father .A . a lot B . many C . pretty D . quite3 . We shouldn tthe trees in order to protect the e

56、nvironmentA . write dow n B . put dow n C . take dow n D . cut dow n4 . The boy was badly ill . He had to drop out of school because of.A . dark nessB . ill ness C . history D . exciteme nt5 . I can see some childrenbasketball on the playground now .A . play B . played C . playi ngD . to play6. Do y

57、ou know theof the stone?Yes. Itabout 200 kilos .A . weight ； weighsC . weigh ； weighs7 . The fans shouted withB . weights ； weighsD . weigh ； weightswhe n they saw the famous sin ger .A . excit ingB . excited C . excite D . exciteme nt8 . I think the best way tous against illness is to exercise more

58、 .A . protect B . stop C . take D . have9 . The Great Wall is one ofman-made objects in the world .A . famous B . more famous C . the most famous D . the famous10 . He used hismoney to buy a book .A . rema inB . remai nedC . remai nsD . remai ning11. is the population of the city?A . What B. How muc

59、h C. How many D . How big12 . Thebook has so many pages. I can t finish readingn a few days .A . wide B . deep C . thick D . difficult13 . Work hard and I am sure you can succeedthe report by six clock .A . fin ishB . to finish C . finishing D . to finishing14 . Do his petsthe cat?Yes. He has three

60、pet catsthis one .A . include; includeB . include ; includingC . including ; includingD . including ; include15 . For most people, it s very difficult toair on the top of QomolangmaA . take outB . take off C . take up D . take inII.完形填空。My pare nts took me to Japa n whe n I was little. I lived there for five years.1I came back, myJapa nese was very good.“ Can I do someth ing useful with my Japa nese?” I asked myself. Then, one dayspri ng, I got a good opport uni ty（ 机会）.Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with2todo. My father brought me a Japanese book.“ Why don