新课标高考英语阅读分类复习：文化类

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1、高考-分类阅读-4文化类新课标高考英语阅读分类复习：文化类第1题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（湖南卷）)C Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business! In , the American artist Richard Princes photograph of a photograph, Untitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000. Prince is certainly not the only contemporary

2、artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”a loose term given to everything from discarded(丢弃的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a strangers family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth look

3、ing at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on. Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published

4、art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for some else: “Whys your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point fo

5、r Rothbards addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer. The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Y

6、et found photographs produced by artists, such Richard Prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? Its anyones guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated (整理), we al

7、so turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after weve gone?64. The first paragraph of the passage is used to _. A. remind reade

8、rs of found photographs B. advise reader to start a new kind of business C. ask readers to find photographs behind sofa D. show readers the value of found photographs 65. According to the passage, Joachim Schmid _. A. is fond of collecting family life photographs B. found a complaining not under his

9、 car wiper C. is working for several self-published magazines D. wondered at the artistic nature of found photographs66. The underlined word “them” in Para 4 refers to _. A. the readersB. the editorsC. the found photographs D. the self-published magazines 67. By asking a series of questions in Para

10、5, the author mainly intends to indicate that _. A. memory of the past is very important to people B. found photographs allow people to think freely C. the back-story of found photographs is puzzling D. the real value of found photographs is questionable 68. The authors attitude towards found photog

11、raphs can be described as _. A. critical B. doubtful C. optimistic D. satisfied 答案 64. D 65. A 66. D 67. B 68. C64.解析:这是一道推断题。根据第一段Richard Prince的一张照片拍出了很高的价钱。说明回收的图片还是非常值钱的。65. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第三段的“he groups photographs of family life according to themes:”可知Joachim Schmid搜集家庭照片。66. 解析:这是一道指代题。根据后面的“ca

12、lled simply Found,was born one snowy night in Chicago,”可知Found是一个杂志的名字,them 指代的是自己发行的杂志。67. 解析:这是一道推断题。从这几个问题中可以发行搜集到的别人废弃的照片带来了很多疑问,给人很多想象的空间。68. 解析:这是一道归纳题。从文中的第一句就可以看出搜集沙发后的旧照片是个大生意,说明作者对搜集废照片还是乐观的。 第2题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（江西卷）) (C)As a professor at a large American university, there is a phrase that

13、 I hear often from students: “Im only a 1050. ”The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice, or even have a chance to get a higher education at all. The SAT

14、score, whether it is 800, 1 100 or 1550, has becomes the focus at this time of their life. It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores, then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number. Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over. The

15、low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college. And without a degree from a prestigious university, they fear that many of lifes doors will remain forever closed. According to a study done in the 1990s, the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a students futur

16、e performance in most cases. Interestingly, it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicatorslike a students high school grades. Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a students academic proficiency（学业水平）,they will never be able to test things like confidence,

17、efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a students potentialities（潜力）. This is not to suggest that we should stop using SAT scores in our college admission process. The SAT is an excellent test in many ways, and the score is still a useful means of testing students. Howe

18、ver, it should be only one of many methods used. 64. The purpose of the SAT is to test students . A. strong will B. academic abilityC. full potentialities D. confidence in school work65. Students self-respect is influenced by their . A. scores in the SAT B. achievements in mathematicC. job opportuni

19、ties D. money spent on education66.“A prestigious university”is most probably A. a famous university B. a technical universityC. a traditional university D. an expensive university67. This passage is mainly about . A. how to prepare for the SAT B. stress caused by the SATC. American higher education

20、 D. the SAT and its effects答案 64. B 65. A 66. A 67. D64.解析：这是一道细节推断题。 根据第一段中的“which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice,or even if they have a chance to get a higher education at all”可判断出SAT测试的目的是测试学生的学习能力。65. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段中的“It is obv

21、ious that if students value highly their test scores,then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.”可判断出SAT的分数对学生的自尊心造成了影响。66. 解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段中的“they fear that many of lifes doors will remain forever closed”可推断出a prestigious university是一所著名的大学，因为如果在著名的大学毕业，就会找到好的工作，否则将会使生活的大门永远关闭

22、。67. 解析：这是一道主旨题。这篇短文讲述了SAT的测试，而这种测试对学生的一生造成了极大的影响，所以这篇短文主要是关于SAT和它的影响。 第3题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（重庆卷）)E Throughout the history of the arts，the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select，artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause changeto find

23、poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. Landscape（风景）is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie，one of the new American realists，c

24、ontinued this practice，Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature，Ledge pains what he actually sees. In his paintin

25、gs，there is no particular change in motion，and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography（摄影术）to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides，all art begs the

26、age-old question：What is real？Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects，the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes，and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of

27、the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up. understanding reality is a necessary struggle for Artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present，Eastern or Western，the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many a

28、nd different are the faces of art，and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.71. The underlined word “poetry” most probably means_.A. an object for artistic creation B. a collection of poemsC. an unusual quality D. a natural scene72. Leslies paintings are extraordinary because

29、_.A. they are close in style to works in ancient timesB. they look like works by 19th-cenary paintersC. they draw attention to common things in lifeD. they depend heavily on color photography73. What is the authors opinion of artistic really？_.A. It will not be found in future works of art.B. It doe

30、s not have a long-lasting standard.C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.D. It is lacking in modern works of art.74. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph？A. They express peoples curiosity about the past.B. They make people interested in everyday experience.C. They

31、are considered important for variety in form.D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.75. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage？A. History of the arts. B. Basic questions of the arts.C. New developments in the arts. D. Use of modern technology in the arts.答案 71. C 72

32、. C 73. B 74. D 75. B71. 解析:这是一道词义猜测题。从第一段“to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before”可知艺术家力图创造一种从来没人看到或者经历过的意境。既然是没有人看到过或者经历过,那么应该是一种不平常的东西。72. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第二段“In his paintings,there is no particular change in emotion,and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the

33、background.”可以推断出Leslie的画表现的都是平时常见的事物。73. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第三段“Each generations of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another.”可以推断出每一代艺术家对于现实的理解和表现都是不同的,也就是没有一个永恒的标准。74. 解析:这是一道归纳题。根据最后一段“Many and different are the faces of art,and together they express the basic need and h

34、ope of human beings.”可知虽然艺术的表现形式不同,但都是表达了人民的需要和希望。也就是说艺术反映了当时人的生存状态。75. 解析:这是一道主旨题。本文通过对于不同时期艺术家的比较,作者分析了艺术的一个共同问题:“什么是真实”,结论是虽然不同时期和地域艺术的表现形式不同,但都反映了当时人的生存状态。 第4题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语上海卷)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from AF for each paragraph. There is one ext

35、ra heading which you do not need. A. New teachers opinions of involving parentsB. An argument over an assignmentC. A conflict between assumption and realityD. Difficulties in sharing goalsE. The best way to score highF. Proper ways of parental involvement80. An Iowa high school counselor gets a call

36、 from a parent protesting the “C” her child received on an assignment. “The parent argued every point in the essay, ”recalls the counselor, who soon realized why the mother was so disappointed about me grade. “It became apparent that shed written it. ”81. In a survey, 90% of new teachers agreed that

37、 involving parents in their childrens education is a priority at their school, but only 25described their experience working with parents as “very satisfying.” When asked to choose me biggest challenge they face, 31 of them quoted involving parents and communicating with them as their top choice. 73

38、 of new teachers said too many parents treat schools and teachers as enemies. 82. At a time when competition is rising and resources are limited, when battles over testing force schools to adjust their priorities, when cell phones and e-mail speed up the information flow and all kinds of private gho

39、sts and public quarrels slip into the parent-teacher conference, its harder for both sides to step back and breathe deeply and look at the goals they share. 83 Everyone says the parent-teacher conference should be pleasant, civilized, a kind of dialogue where parents and teachers build partnership.

40、But what most teachers feel, and certainly what all parents feel, is anxiety and panic.84. When a teacher asks parents to be partners, he or she doesnt necessarily mean Mom or Dad should be camping in the classroom. Research shows that though students benefit modestly from having parents involved at

41、 school, what happens at home matters much more. According to research based on the National Education Longitudinal Study, a sample of nearly 25,000 eighth graders, among four main areas of parental involvement(home discussion, home supervision. school communication, and school participation), home

42、discussion was the most strongly related答案 80. B81. A82. D83. C84. F第5题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖北卷) Have you ever received a gift that was so clearly not your taste that you wondered if perhaps it had been handed to you by mistake? Worse, have you ever given a present and watched your friend look as though

43、she had opened the wrong box? Maybe she responded with a polite Why, thank you, but you knew you had missed the mark. Why do presents sometimes go wrong? And what do your choices (good and bad) reflect about your personal qualities? Choosing the right gift is an art, I believe. It calls for empathy

44、the ability to put yourself into someone elses head and heart .Were all able to do this; in fact, were born with a kind of natural empathy. After the earliest period of childhood, however, it needs to be reinforced (加强)by our parents, teachers, friends. When it isnt, were not able to understand othe

45、r peoples feelings as sharply. This can show in the gifts we select, and so can many other emotional (情感的) qualities. Think back to the presents youve given over the past year, the time and effort you put into your selection, how much you spent, your thoughts while you were shopping, and your feelin

46、gs when the receiver opened the package. Keep in mind that what you choose displays your inner world. Of course, you may express yourself differently with different friends, relatives, and other people you know. We live in a society where exchanging presents is an important part of communication. Ig

47、noring the tradition wont make it go away. If you really dislike such a tradition, tell your friends ahead of time.60. The underlined expression you had missed the mark means you had failed to _. A. make her feel better B. keep your friendship C. receive a present in return D. get the expected effec

48、t61. Which of the following is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. Natural empathy needs to be reinforced. B. Emotional changes influence ones choice of gifts. C. Selecting the right gift is an ability people are born with. D. Choosing gifts requires one to understand the receivers.62. In the

49、third paragraph, the author tells us that_. A. attention should be paid to the receivers responses B. one learns from what he did in the past C. the choice of gifts reflects ones emotional qualities D. one should spend more time choosing gifts63. The best possible title for this passage is “_”. A. W

50、ays of Choosing Gifts B. An Important Tradition C. Exchanging Presents D. Message in a Gift答案 60.D 61. D 62.C 63. D60解析：这是一道细节推测题。“you had missed the mark”着重点是分析“mark”表示的含义。送别人礼物是希望别人高兴，因此mark最可能的意思是别人高兴的表情。这个高兴的表情就是送礼者所期望的效果，送错了礼物，就没有这个期望的效果了，因此选D。61解析：这是一道归纳段意题。第二段开头“Choosing the right gift is an

51、art, I believe. It calls for empathy”是本段的中心句，意思是，“给别人挑选礼物是一门艺术，它叫做感情移入。”后面还讲到，如果没有这种能力，“were not able to understand other peoples feelings”即我们就不能了解别人的感受。因此这段话的主要意思是“挑选礼物需要了解别人”。62解析：这是一道推断题。从第三段Keep in mind that what you choose displays your inner world.可知，“紧记你挑选的礼物反映你的内心世界”。作者的意思是，礼物能反映你情感的深浅。因此C正确

52、。63解析：这是一道主旨题。从本文来讲，不管是接受、送出，还是挑选礼物，礼物本身都包含了一定的信息，这个信息从送出者传递到接受者。只有了解礼物接受者的喜好，才能挑选出合适的礼物。因此，主旨是礼物包含的信息。第6题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语北京卷)How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environmentsmostly for entertainment purposesis fair and respectful? Zoo officials say they are concern

53、ed about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats (栖息地). Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.Zoos claim (声称) to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visi

54、tors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species name, diet, and natural range(分布区). The animals normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos d

55、ont usually take care of the animals natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common

56、among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain. Furthermore, most animals in zoos are n

57、ot endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖)of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted n their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also a

58、ttract a lot of paying customers. Havent we seen enough competitions to name baby animals? Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natura

59、l habitats.64. How would the author describe the animals life in zoos?A. Dangerous.B. Unhappy.C. Natural.D. Easy.65. In the state of zoochosis, animals _.A. remain in cagesB. behave strangelyC. attack other animalsD. enjoy moving around66. What does the author try to argue n the passage?A. Zoos are

60、not worth the public support.B. Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.C. Zoos should treat animals as human beings.D. Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.67. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _.A. pointing out the faults in what zoos doB. using evide

61、nce he has collected at zoosC. questioning the way animals are protectedD. discussing the advantages of natural habitats68. Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _.A. zoos have to keep animals in small cagesB. most animals in zoos are endangered speciesC. some endangered

62、 animals are reproduced in zoosD. its acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats答案 64. B 65. B 66. A 67. A 68. C 解析：64.这是一道细节推断题。第四段“Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bar， and bears spend 30 percent of their time

63、 walking back and forth， a sign of unhappiness and pain.” 说明在动物园的动物不幸福。65.这是一道细节推断题。根据上文中的unusual和selfdestructive可推断出动物在动物园饲养的情况下行为不正常。66.这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一句话“Instead of supporting zoos， we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.”可判断出作者不赞成公众支持动物园。67.这是一道主旨题。作者在这篇短文中主要指出了动物园的各种弊端，来说服读者接受他的观点。68.根据倒数第二段的内容可判断出作者虽然反对动物园，但他仍然同意动物园不得不把动物保持在很小的空间内。第7题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语北京卷)