《英美概况》试题

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1、英美概况I? Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is .A. Scafell B. Ben Nevis C. the Cotswolds D. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is .A. the Clyde B. the Mersey C. the Severn D. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is .A. the Lough

2、 Neage B. Windermere Water C. Coniston Water D. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from .A. Europe B. the United States C. Africa D. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in

3、 Britain were .A. the Normans B. the Celts C. the Iberians D. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with .A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, actually became the overlord of all the English.A. John B. James I C.

4、Egbert D. Henry I9. Christmas Day , Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056 B. 1066 C. 1006 D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the dynasty.A. Windsor B. Tudor C. Malcolm D. Plantagenet11. In 1265 _ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Hen

5、iy III B. the Pope C. Barons D. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years? war started inand ended in , in which the English had lost all theterritories of France except the French port of .A. 1337, 1453, Flanders B. 1337, 1453, Calais C. 1346, 1453, Argencourt D. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses

6、 lasted for years and king was replaced by king .A. 30, Richard III, Henry Tudor B. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Heniy Tudor14. The Renaissance began in in the earlycentury.A. England, 14 B. England, 15 C. Italy, 14 D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil

7、War is also called .A. the Glorious Revolution B. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic Revolution D. the Puritan Revolution16. In _ , a small group of Puritans sailed from in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in theNorth America.A. 1620, London B. 1620, Plymouth C. 1720, London D. 1720, Plymout

8、h17. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention ofmachines.A. the Industrial Revolution B. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the Roses D. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583.A. Canada B. Aus

9、tralia C. India D. Newfoundland19. _ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIII B. Edward VII C. George VI D. George VII20. In January Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957 B. 1967 C. 1973 D. 197921 ? soon after , Britai

10、n not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its pos 辻 ionof industrial leadership.A. 1900 B. the First World War C. the Second World War D. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest rate and thehighestrate.A. inflation, growth B. g

11、rowth, inflation C. growth, divorce D. growth, b 计 th23.The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except .A.B.the exhaustion of old mines B. costly extraction C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24.Britains foreign trade is mainly with .A. developing countrie

12、s B. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countries D. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by .A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Queen C. the Archbishop of Canterbury D. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every years and there are members of Parliaments areelected.A. five,

13、600 B. five, 650 C. five, 651 D. four, 65127.The Prime Mini ster is appo in ted byand he or she always s 辻 s inA.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC.the Queen, the House of CommonsD.the Queen, the House of Lords28.The u 吐 imate author

14、ity for law-making resides in.A. the Queen B. the Cabinet C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons29.The sources of British law include ?A.statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB.statutes, common law and equity lawC.statutes, common law and European Community lawD.a complet

15、e code and statutes30.In criminal trials by jury, passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the jury B. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the jury D. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. _ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates 7 courts B

16、. Youth courts C. district courts D. The Crown Court32. Londons Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of .A. the England secretaries B. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland Secretaries D. the Home Secretaiy33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in and based at firs

17、t on A. 1948, Acts of Parliament B. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of Rights D. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except .A. war pension B. child benefit C. family credit D. unemployment benefit35. Except that may not be a Roma

18、n Catholic, public offices are open without distinction tomembers of all churchs or of none.A. the lord Chancellor B. the Prime Minister C. the Speaker D. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend .A. independent schools B. junior

19、 schools C. independent schools D. primary schools37. There are some universities, including the Open University.A. 900 B. 290 C. 90 D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if the

20、ir families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to 辻 s size, the USA is the country in the world.A. largest B. second largest C. th 计 d largest D. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, has been called the American Ruhr.A. the Mississippi B. the Missouri C. the Hudson D. t

21、he Ohio41. Among the following rivers, forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the Potomac B. the Columbia C. the Rio Grande River D. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except .A. Yale B. Harvard C. Oxford D. Massachusetts Institute

22、 of Technology43. The nationJs capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in .A. the American West B. the Great Plains C. the Midwest D. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America most important area.A. agricultural B. industrial C. manufacturing D. mining in dustiy45. In the ca

23、se of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that .A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facil 辻 ics were in herently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion A

24、ct was passed in .A. 1882 B. 1883 C. 1900 D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from and .A. Ireland/France B. England/China C. Scotland/England D. England/Netherland48. Uncle Toms Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable lifeof the .A. early

25、settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are greatpopulation movement in the history of the Urdted States.A. two B. three C. four D. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially

26、in the .A. gold mines B. silver mines C. coal mines D. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by .A. James Madison B. Thornes Jefferson C. Alexander Hamilton D. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the

27、Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. Saratoga B. Gettysburg C. Trenton D. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They

28、are knows as .A. the Articles of Confederation B. the Bill of RightC. the Civil Rights D. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought from France and doubled the countrys territory.A. New Mexico B. the Louisiana Territory C. Kansas D. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory

29、of British philosopher .A. Paul Revere B. John Locke C. Cornwallis D. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by .A. Germany, France and Japan B. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and Britain D. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a move

30、ment demanding government regulation of the and_ conditions.A. economy /political B. social/political C. economy / social D. political / cultural59. As a result of WWI, was not one of the defeated nations.A. Germany B. Austro-Hungaiy C. Ottoman D. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelfs New Deal w

31、as to “ save AmericanA. economy B. politics C. society D. democracy答案I? Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices?I. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. DII. D 12. B 13.A14.C 15. D16. B 17. A 18.D19.A 20. C21. C 22. B 23.D24.C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A31. D 3

32、2. D 33.A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47.D48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. C 70. D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Geographically sp

33、eaking, the north and west of Britain are , while the east and south-eastare mostly .2. Welsh is located in the of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English , while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the .4. In the mid-5 th century, three Teuronic tribes , , and invaded Britain. Among them,the gave thei

34、r name to English people.5. The battle of witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the system in England was completely established.7. The property record in Williams time is known as , which was compiled in .8. s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and bey ond chauce time

35、after he was murdered.9. _ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced Englands population from four million to million by the end of the 14 th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class o_f farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed fi

36、rmly in .12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported , while the Roundheads supported13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a , later, he became .14. In 1707, the Act of united England and .15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were and . The former wer

37、ethe forerunners of the Party, the latter were of the party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor produced a very efficient that could be applied to textileand other machinery.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “ ”of the world.18. During the Second World War led Britain to final vi

38、ctory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under .21. has Europes largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include , and other high-tech industries.23. The part

39、y which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official , with its ownleader and “ cabinet ”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by , and his/her official residence is .25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: and .26. The criminal law in Britain presume

40、s the of the accused until he has been proved guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is .29. In Bidtain the welfare state applies mainly t

41、o , national insurance and .30. The two established churches in Britain are and .31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of ( in Northen Ireland) and32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as , whi

42、ch was replaced by .33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into and .34. The most-known universities in Britain are and which date from the and centuries.35. In _ , Alaska and Havaii became the 49 th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only belongs to U.S. completely while the other four ar

43、e shared withGanada.37. is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as .39. is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and ?41. The

44、South is the headquarters of alarge segment of the and industry.42. New England is sometimes called the of America.43. is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in fivemoves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in

45、 .45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the .II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands 2. west 3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts 4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles 5. Hastings 6. feudal 7. Domesday Book, 1086 8. Thomas Becket 9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, t

46、he Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. WinstonChurchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology 23. Oppos 辻 ion, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 D

47、owning 25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service, social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 1632. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambri

48、dge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the Continental Divide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace 43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms ?1. the Hardians Wall:2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.

49、17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.Alfred the GreatWilliam the Conqueror the battle of Hastings Domesday Book the Great Charter the Hundred Years War Joan of Arc the Black Death the Wars of Roses Bloody Mary Elizabeth I Oliver Cromwell the Bill of Rights Whigs and Tories James Watt Winston Churchill Agri

50、business the British Constitution Queen Elizabeth II the Opposition the Privy Council common law the jury the NHS comprehensive schools27.public schools28.the Great Lakes29.New England30.baby boom31.the Chinese Exclusion Act32.the Bill of Rights33.the Emancipation Proclamation34.the Constitutional C

51、onvention35.the Progressive Movement36.the Peace Conference37.the Truman Doctrine:38.the Marshall Plan39.the New Frontier40.checks and balances:IV ? Answer briefly the following questions:1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Br 辻 ainP2.Why did the William the Conqueror invade England afte

52、r Edwards death?3.What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?4.What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?5.What do you know about the English Renaissance?6.Why did the Restoration take place?7.How did the “ Glorious Revolution ” break out? What was the significance of i

53、t?8.What is your comment on land enclosures in England?9.How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?10. What do you know about the Chartist Movement and the Peoples Charter? Whafs your comment on them?11. How did the Labour Party come into being?12. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did

54、 it begin in Britain?13. What is the role of the Mon archy in the British gover nment?14. What are the mai n functions of Parliame nt?15. Why do the criminal convicts like to be tried first before the magistrates J courts?16. What does the civil courts system do?17. What is meant by the term welfare

55、 state辻 ahnP in Br18. What is the most important established Church in Britain? How is it related to the Crown and linked with the State?19. What disti nguishes the Open Uni versity from all other British Uni versities?20. Say somethi ng about the three immigrati on waves.21. Why did the early settl

56、ers come to America? Who were the Pilgrims? Who were the Purita ns? What were the features in the colonial period which had in flue nee on later America n developme nt?22. What were the causes of the War of In depe nden ce?23. What was unusual about the Article of Confederation? What was the struggl

57、e at the Constitutional Convention? How was the con flict solved?24. Why did the Civil War break out? How did the war end?25. What were the contents of the New Deal?26. What was the impact of the Vietnam War-on American society?27. Who was McCarthy and what was McCarthyism?28. What is counterculture

58、? What are some of the forms of counterculture?29. What are the functions of the Congress?30. What are some of the characteristics of American education?III. Explain the following terms?1? the Hardia ns Wall: It was one of the two great walls built by the Roma ns to keep the Picts out of the area th

59、ey had conq uered.2? Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons to advise thekin g. Its the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today._3? William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He Ianded his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king

60、Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. He established a strong Norman gover nment and the feudal system in En gla nd._4? the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king. William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On

61、October 14, the two armies met near Hasting. After a days battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very importa nt on the way of the Roma n conq uest._5? Domesday Book Un der William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials to compile a propert

62、y record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of a gen eral survey of En gla nd made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the Iand. It seemed to the En glish like the Book of doom on Judgeme nt Day._6? the Great Ch

63、arter King Johns reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a docume nt, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Though it has long bee n regarded as the foundation of English liberities,辻 s spirit was the limitation of the kings powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land._7? the Hun dred Years War It referred to t