雅思阅读分类词汇

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1、. .IELTS阅读分类词汇=阅读分类词汇=心理theorem原理，定理v.s. theorymethodology方法论 (method)physiology 生理学 (physiological)psychiatry精神病学psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysiscorrelation相互关系correlation coefficientsensation感觉，知觉(另)轰动 sensationalperception感知，认知intuition知觉 (intuitive)ESP第六感 (Extrasensory Perception)mo

2、tivate鼓励 motivation ( bonus, commission,)incentive鼓励因素stimulus刺激 stimulate, stimulationdisorder 紊乱，失调dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + functiondissonance 不和谐，不一致dis + son(sound) +ancetrauma 创伤(traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11anxiety 焦虑 (= anxiousness)depression 沮丧 (de + press + ion)depressedv.s. re

3、pression (压抑)insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) suffix: -phobiaacrophobia acronym: IELTS, TOEFLenophobia a fear of foreigners or strangersclaustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined placeallergy 过敏(症)，反感 (allergic)He is allergic to card playing.propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with mac

4、hinery.= tendency, inclinationparanoid 偏执的 paranoia (偏执狂)workaholic 工作狂 ( alcoholic)symptom 病症diagnosis 诊断(n.) diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: The Final Diagnosiselectroencephalogram 脑电图 electrocardiogram(心电图)assertive 武断的 (assert)therapy 治疗法group therapyhypnotism 催眠术 ( hypnotize)prescribe 开药方v.s. subscr

5、ibe, describe, inscribe prescription: drugsantidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药 ( tranquil)side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的，免除的 (immunity)rehabilitation 复原，康复relapse 旧病复发，故态复萌v.s. elapse 子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！chronic 慢性的adulthood childhoodpuberty 青春发动期adolescence 青春期 (the time of life between puberty and ad

6、ulthood)emotional rationalaffective 情感的 (affection)sane 神智健全的 insanesuperstition 迷信 superstitioustelepathy 传心术，通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart) numerology, palmistryapathy 无感情，无兴趣，冷漠 (= indifference)sympathy: sym(same) + pathypathology 病理学，病理，病变delusion 迷惑，欺瞒v.s. illusiondisorientation迷失 (dis + orie

7、ntation) disorientedpervert 使反常/变态 反常/变态者perversionintrospection 省v.s. retrospection (回忆，反省)sublimation 纯化，升华sublimepersonality = personal characteristic smultiple personality (多重人格)innate 天赋的 in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性 ( attributable)trait 特征，品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor=

8、阅读分类词汇=科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (omniscient, omnipotent)versatile (人)多才多艺的，(物)通用的 versatilityalchemy 炼金术transmute 变形，变质transmute silver into gold (!)arduous 艰巨的 (=strenuous)an arduous taskpitfall 陷阱，未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum = aluminium (BE) calcium, uranium, radium,copper, brass, b

9、ronzeelectrode 电极distill 蒸馏 distilled waterquartz 石英phosphorus 磷，磷光物质inflammable 易燃的 ( flame)combustion 燃烧 (combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus)ceramic 瓷的 瓷器 (ceramics)insulate 隔离，绝缘insulator ( conductorfiber 纤维 (BE: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)optics 光学 ( optical)retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaq

10、ue 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit), chipbinary 二进制的integrate integration ,integrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)buffer 缓冲区buffer storagebrowser 浏览器 (IE, Netscape)hypertext 超文本envisage 想象，看作 en + vis(see) + age be envisaged as momentous (极为)

11、重要的v.s. momentaryreticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域 domain namescyberlaw 网络法律 cyber-: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, patent 专利 ( patented)v.s. copyright, pirated software/VCDschronological 按时间顺序的chron: time chronic, chronicle, chronographrobot 机器人(肉包它) roboticsartificial 人造的，做作的artificial sate

12、llite/smilecone 圆锥体，锥形物the nose cone of a missileJupiter 木星 Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的，过分的，过高的ex(out) + orbit + antcentripetal 向心(力)的 centrifugalhigh-rise 高楼 ( skyscraper)cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶 (a hemispherical roof)infrastructure 根底设施 superstructuresewage 污水，下水道hydraulic 水力的，水压的landfi

13、ll 垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermo(hot) + stat(steady) thermos, thermometer,thermonuclearprefabricate 预先制造 prefab (预制的)polytechnic 各种工艺的 理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnicgeometric 几何(学)的 geometry, geo(land) + metry(measure)asymmetry 不对称 a(not) + sym(same) + metry() symmetryconcave 凹的 convexbilater

14、al 双边的，两方面的 unilateralparadoxical 似非而是的 paradox (悖论)empirical 经历的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的 ( anticlockwise=阅读分类词汇=教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租 for lease, to letv.s. renttenant 房客，佃户landlord 房东 landlady(f) Lord, tenant ,housemate roommate, dormmate schoolmate,

15、 classmatedormitory 寝室 (abbrev. dorm)au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework(另) = reciprocalreciprocal 相互的，互惠的hostel youth hostel hotelreal estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的，瘪的 flat tire公寓(= apartment) condo, studiobond = depositlinen 亚麻的 亚麻织品，床单(

16、= bed linen)utensil 器皿stationery 文具 (v.s. stationary)laundry 洗衣，洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅 canteencater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操 aero: airbadminton 羽毛球(运动)baseball 棒球 baseball batsquash 壁球(运动)amateur professionalgathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足 (= outing, expedition)commonwealth 国，联邦Commonwealth: 英联

17、邦tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major life expenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education.primary secondary tertiarypost-secondary post: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral, post-sale, postwarilliterate 文盲 不识字的il(no)+ literate(words) illiteracy ( literacydiscipl

18、ine 学科，纪律v.s. subjectterminology 术语faculty department and staff of a college/universitydean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程 (= course) extracurricular课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历，日程 ( schedule, agenda, timetable)compulsory 强制的，必修的 elective (选修的)examiner examinee take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resitrec

19、ruit 招生，招募 recruitment= enrollprestige 声望，威信 prestigiousesteem 尊敬 (n. & v.)your esteemed school/companyaptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Testmatriculation 录取入学vocation 职业 (= calling, occupation, career) vocationalvocational educationTAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)abbreviation 缩略(词) a

20、bridge (缩短，删节)transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowshiptutorial 辅导(课) tutor (= lecturer, instructor)pedagogue 教员，学究pedagogy (教育学，教学法) demagogue (政治煽动家)lexicography 词典编撰 ( lexicographer)assignment 任务，(课外)作业dissertation 论文 (= thesis)credential 证明，文凭 cred: creditlinguistic credentialsalumni 校友(

21、男) alumnaeoverestimate 高估 ( underestimatedecipher 解码，解释 (= decode)decipher workplace culturecaliber 才干=阅读分类词汇=文化homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous( heterogeneous homosexual, heterosexualmainstream 主流 主流的dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarri

22、er 障碍(物) bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别，歧视racial/sexual discrimination discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质 ( insular, island).microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者 ( traitor patriotic, patriotismcompatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriotvern

23、acular 本地的，本国的 本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入 immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration ( emigrant, emigrate) antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earthfrom North America to the Antipodesperm

24、eate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家 ( enterprise) entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事 ( anecdotal)notoriety 恶名 ( notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物Whos George Bushs counterpart in China counterculture, co

25、unterbalancepeer同等的人凝视，窥视( peep)subordinate 下级 下级的 superiortactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy(战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningbenchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的 ( punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent absentee absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + timeharass

26、骚扰 ( harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员 ( lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 ( partiallobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen (v

27、.)equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的 ( qualitativecontingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的ethics, unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 ( doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示，证明 ( manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 (sub + titl

28、e) subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE:underground, tube), suburb( downtown, uptown, outskirts)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚 chicbizarre 奇异的v.s. weird(怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 ( diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家 entre, a la carte=雅思阅读分类词汇=-生物/生理molecule 分子 molecularcell cellularamino amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质en

29、zyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts inspecific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素chloro-: Clphotosynthesis 光合作用 (photo + synthesis) photosyntheticbotany 植物学 ( zoology botanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae

30、 alga (pl.) 海藻herb herbal: tea herbicide ( insecticide, pesticide)carnation 康乃馨 reincarnationfade 凋，褪色organism 机体，组织 organarthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid ()reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物 ( mamma!)primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化 ( evolve)anthropoid 类人猿 (anthrop: humankind) anthropology, philanthropyv.

31、s. ape, gorilla, chimpanzeegene 基因 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) genome(基因组)genetics 遗传学 ( genetical)helix 螺旋，螺旋壮物 analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanitys DNAidentical 同一的 identity ( ID card) clonemutation 突变 gene mutation mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者 ( preyembryo 胚胎 e

32、mbryonic (萌芽的)roe 鱼子caviar (鱼子酱)tadpole 蝌蚪 frog, toad ( told)caterpillar 毛毛虫 (cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT)grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗虫 (= locust)grass + hopper, bellhopcricket 蟋蟀 (另)板球butterfly v.s. moth dragonfly, fireflypollen 花粉 传粉 pollinate, pollinationhive 蜂房 honey, concoctionlar

33、va larvae (pl.) 幼虫v.s. lavapupa 蛹 pupatepenguin 企鹅v.s. dolphin (海豚)raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)hibernate 冬眠 (=hole up)torpid 麻木的，蛰伏的v.s. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral (大)脑的hemisphere 半球 (hemi + sphere)cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼 migrantsomatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limbanatomy解剖，剖析paralyze 使瘫痪 (=incapacitate, imm

34、obilize)artery 动脉 ( veingland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙，激素cholesterol胆固醇efficacy 成效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness=雅思阅读分类词汇=环境问题conservation 保护，保存 ( conserve)v.s. conversationenvironmentalist = conservationistacid酸 酸的 (alkaliacid raincarbon碳 (C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxidefume exha

35、ust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油 petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE) unleaded petrol/gasozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation radioactivegreenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的 (solar energy) lunar (lunar calendar)phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaste

36、r, cataclysmdeterioration 恶化 ( deteriorate)extinction 灭绝 ( extinct)species endangered speciesdrought 干旱 ( 找它) famine v.s. floodingrecurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrentinundate 淹没 淹掉它embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积物= depositdelta 三角洲the Pearl River Deltaalluvial 冲积的desertifica

37、tion (v.s. dessert)dust-storm 沙尘暴 thunderstorm, brainstormbarren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的dune sand dune the game DUNE!attributable 归因于be attributable todeforestation 滥砍滥伐森林de +forest + ation afforestation/reforestationlog 原木，日志 伐木v.s. logovegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地 habit (Habit is the

38、second nature.)ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system) ecologyviability viable vi: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact offorestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.demographic 人口统计的 demo(people) + graph(write) + icinterdependence inter + dependencecounterbalance 使平衡，弥补 (=offset)counter(a

39、gainst) + balancemechanism 机理，机制precipitation 陡降，降水 (precipice) evaporationcirculation 流通，循环tide tidal wave (海啸) ebb earthquaketyphoon tornado, hurricanemeteorology 气象(学)volcano 火山eruption 喷发 ( erupt)volcanic eruption lavagranite 花岗岩imminent = impending v.s. eminentCelsius 摄氏的 37OCv.s. centigradeFah

40、renheit 华氏的latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitudetropical (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zoneglacier 冰川dump 倾倒，倾销 anti-dumpingcontaminate 弄脏 ( contaminant)recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的 (= irrevocable)reclaim 开垦，改造 reclamationcontentious 有争议的 ( contend)Many environmental issue

41、s today are highly contentious.opt 选择(+ for) optionprioritize 优先考虑 ( prior, priority)=雅思分类词汇=医院mental hospital精神病医院 clinic诊所physician/internist科医生 oculist/eye doctor眼科医生surgon外科医生 dentist牙医vet兽医 shrink心理医生symptom病症 have/catch a cold感冒have a sore throat嗓子痛 have a stomachache胃痛 have a fever发烧 pneumoni

42、a肺炎flu流感 have a cough咳嗽have a headache头痛 have a toothache牙痛liver trouble肝炎 allergy过敏症twisted/sprained扭伤的 feel dizzy头晕feel chilly觉得发冷 asthma哮喘diabetics糖尿病患者 cramps抽筋vomit/throw up/nauseate呕吐 diarrhea腹泻vomitive/pukey恶心的 luggies/phlegm痰have a stuffed nose鼻子不通 cholera霍乱stiff neck脖子发僵 abscess脓肿yellow fev

43、er黄热病 hay fever枯草热pills药丸 mixture合剂eyedrops眼药水 syrup糖浆pad药棉块 vitamin维他命tablet药片 penicillin盘尼西林antibiotic抗生素 ointment药膏medication药物 aspirin阿司匹林bandage绷带 syringe注射器stethoscope听诊器 injection注射preventive injection预防针 gauze纱布cold cure感冒药 sweating medicine发汗药febrifuge退烧药 capsule胶囊case history病历 extract拔牙ta

44、ke ones temperature量体温 see a doctor看病send for a doctor请医生 feel ones pulse量脉搏take ones blood pressure量血压 give a prescription开药方have an operation 动手术 make an appointment预约=雅思分类词汇=生活咨询make a reservation预定 confirm a reservation确认预定cancel ones reservation取消预定 frist come,frist serve先到先效劳原那么layover/stopove

45、r中途停留 timetable时刻表fare票价 toll通行费saver ticket优惠票 open ticket开放机票one-way ticket单程票 round-trip ticket往返票airport tax机场税 duty-free shop免税店excess charge超重 vacant seat空座direct/non-stop flight直达航班 connecting-flight转机book预定 destination目的地frist class头等仓 business class商务仓economy class经济仓 van中巴shuttle bus班车 air

46、port limousine机场大巴berth铺位火车上 pullman卧铺车scenic spot景点 extra charge/surcharge附加费fulling-booked满了 seat arrangement/assignment定座E.T.A(estimated time of arrival)预计到达时间E.T.D(estimated time of departure)预计起飞时间常用句型Id like to book_Id like to order_Waht hour are you open_waht time do you open/close_ =雅思分类词汇=银

47、行交易1常用词汇bank book/pass book存折 open an account开户earn interest赚取利息 savings account储蓄存款current account活期存款 check/cheque account支票deposit account定期存款annual interest rate年利率monthly savings account按月计息 daily interest account按天计息instant account速成户头 service charge效劳费/手续费signature card签名卡 draw/withdraw提款orde

48、r check/cheque记名支票 rubber check/cheque空头支票blank check/cheque空白支票 exchange rate汇率denomination=face value面额 four in hundred四一百元面额give the money in fives/tens换成五元或十元面额bill钞票 change零钱cash现金 password/code密码amount in figures小写金额 amount in words大写金额credit card信用卡 the balance of your bank account余额travelers

49、 check/chque旅行支票 coin硬币penny便士 nickel美、加的五分硬币dime美、加的十分硬币 unit 货币单位value/worth面值 ounce盎司1/16磅commercial/merchant bank商业银行 full refund全额归还extension延期 overdraw/overdraft透支rebate回扣 payday发薪日pay slip/envelop薪水单 a princely sum(an excessive amount)巨款mortgage抵押 by installment分期付款apply for/grant_a loan申请/批准

50、贷款debt债务 collateral担保物fill out/in填写 chquebook/checkbook支票簿loan贷款 joint account联名expense account公款支付 cashier收银员teller银行职员 statement对帐单money order汇票 accountant会计A.T.M自动取款机常用句型Id like to open a_account.Id like to check the present balance in _account.Id like to apply for a personal loan.Id like to chan

51、ge(兑换)_for_.Whats the current rateHow would you like to receive your change零钱还有时常会考到银行的开放时间，一般是几点到几点.还有周末或许不同注意=雅思分类词汇=教育这个场景比较复杂，因为考的容会很广泛，包括：新生入学报到场景、课程设置及规定介绍场景、家庭作业分析场景、课堂演示场景日常生活咨询场景等。1由于中外学校构造差异造成一定程度上的做题困难国外大学构造及官衔president大学校长 Universitydean学校分院长 College/schoolhead of the faculty Facultyhead

52、 of the division Divisionchairman Departmentprincipal中学校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学校长女2 新生入学及入学后大致过程顺序原那么register/enrole(登记、报到) 一般会student union officeopening ceremony开学典礼orientation meeting介绍会指学校综合情况lecture报告tutorial一个学生发言那种关于学科的单词basic course根底课 specialized course专业课required course必修课 optional/s

53、elective course选修课literature文学 philosophy哲学history历史 art艺术sociology社会学 linguistics语言学psychology心理学 engineering工程学architecture建筑学 business商务law法学 economics经济学fianc金融学 accounting会计学banking银行学 biochemistry生物化学相关教育单词kindergarten幼儿园 elementary education初等教育secondary education中等教育 higher education高等教育adul

54、t education成人教育 open admission免试入学制day-care center幼儿园美 nursery school托儿所primary/elementary school小学英/美secondary school中学 coeducation男女生同校制度junior high school初中 senior high school高中attached middle school附中 technical school技校polytechnic institute理工学院/科技大学 key school重点中学graduate school研究生院 open univers

55、ity夜大、函大private school私立学校 public school公立学校universal education普及教育 educationist/educator教育家postgraduate研究生 alumnus/alumna校友男/女undergraduate本科 Alma Mater母校auditor=guest student旁听生boarder住宿生 open-book exam开卷考pop test抽考 orientation program新生训练teaching facilities教学设施 assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金 room

56、 and board食宿auditorium礼堂 vice-monitor副班长period of schooling学习年限 credit system学分制mark/score/grade分数 schedule=school timetable课程表individual study自习 individual coaching=tutorial个别指导English evening英语晚会 after-school activities课外活动social investigation社会调查 voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal毕业评估graduat

57、ion ceremony=commencement毕业典礼diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学 quit school退学school discipline校纪 attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课 miss a class缺课cut a class旷课 expel sb from school开除tuition学费 miscellaneous expenses杂费a grant-aided student领助学金的学生 lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期 bl

58、ue-book考卷report card成绩单 final-examination期末考核quiz小测验 oral test口试diploma毕业证 degree学位associate diploma专科证书 Bachelor学士Master硕士 Doctor of Philosophy博士Expert专家 consultant参谋Coordinator班主任/协调人 professor教授associate professor副教授 lecturer讲师adviser/mentor导师 counselor辅导教师course arrangement课程按排 application form申

59、请表school of Arts and Sciences文理学院project学生独立钻研的课外课题presentation针对某一专题发表的演讲paper/thesis/dissertation论文letter of recommendation表扬信journal周记 office hour教授与学生面谈时间=雅思分类词汇=图书馆catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects)目录reference stacks书库delivery desk/circulation desk借书台call slip借书单索书单check out登记并借出charge ou

60、t把、借出来library card/admission card借书卡date slip/deadline/date of expiry期限due应付费overdue and pay a fine过期并交罚款borrow向、借lend借给、人renew续借available可获得的out on loan借出的reserve/book预借closed reserved只读不借in circulation在书库里out circulation借走了not for circulation不外借classification分类bibliography书目籍者检索目录on the shelf在书架上newspaper报纸journal日报periodical(magazines and journals)定期刊物current/back issues现今/以后发行category种类return in time及时归还interlibrary service图书馆际效劳open/closed shelves开架/闭架书库librarian图书馆长教育之通病是教用脑的人不用手，不教用手的人用脑，所以一无所能。教育革命的对策是手脑联盟，结果是手与脑的力量都可以大到不可思议。优选