英美报刊选读答案

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1、英美报刊选读一. 教学目的通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个淸晰的了解，认识英美报刊语言、文体、 词汇、语法等基本特点，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下良 好的基础。二. 教材特点与该课程旧教材（第1版）相比，本教材具有以下特点：1. 为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯，培养他们独自排解疑难词语的 能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆, 还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。2. 为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇疑，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合 课文，讲透疑难词语。此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。

2、3. 为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的 并时常见诸报端的人物.党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。4. 为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识，加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标 题的若干特点，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。三、教学内容英美报刊选读为省开课程。1. 授课内容：重点为第 1、3、4、5. 6、8、13、15、17. 19. 20、21. 24、28、30 课（共15课），其它内容主要供自学。2. 课时安排：a）学员自学：2学时/周，共30学时学完15课。b）而授辅导：4学时/次，共4次。每学时辅导一课，最后一学时复习。3

3、. 作业：共四次，在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载，课后完成，交辅导教师批改, 评分，作为平时成绩的主要依据。学员完成作业后，可浏览网页上的“答案及详解S以加 深理解，检査自己掌握的情况四、教学建议教师授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。在上课时，可要求学生 先回答每课后的练习题一一 Questions,使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。然后，再逐段或跳 跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又髙.教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只 讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。这样，学生除预习外，课后

4、还要结合教员 在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。这两种授课方式的好处是，使学生通过自学(指预习) 和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。与以教员为中心的灌输式教学方式相比学生更能巩 固所学.并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。此外，这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么 详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。当然，这只是本人的实践和看法。我 相信在调动学生主动学习的积极性方而还有更多、更好的教学法。五考试说明“英美报刊选读期末考试题型介绍1. 报刊冬称及常见报刊词汇英译汉：十小题，每题2分，共20分内容以辅导书的附录为主.2. 阅读理解：2篇文章，选自作业题，选择题或判断题，共40分。3. 阅读与

5、翻译：一篇文章，选自教材重点课目练习，共40分。1).问答题：20分。2).段落英译汉：20分。六课程辅导英美报刊选读辅导一Newspapers and HeadlinesDo you have the habit of reading newspapers in EnglishWhat newspapers do you like to readThe following is a list of the major newspapers in Britain and the United States. The major newspapers in BritainDailiesThe T

6、imesThe GuardianFinancial TimesSundaysNews of the WorldThe ObserverThe Sunday PeopleDaily ExpressDaily MailDaily MirrorThe Sunday TelegraphThe Sunday TimesNew York TimesWashington PostLos Angeles TimesWall Street JournalChristian Science MonitorUSA TodayChicago Daily TribuneDetroit NewsNew York Dail

7、y News The major daily newspapers in the United StatesNewspapers ,along with reporting the newsstruct,entertain, and give opinions. A newspaper has separate sections: world news, national and local news, sports, business ,entertainment, opinions, comics, classified ads,etc.You can be a better reader

8、 if you know what to expect in a example, when you read a newspaper you usually look quickly at headlines first. Newspaper headlines have a Ianguage of their own and it is necessary to learn about read the following headlines:Moscow official wounded by gunmenEarthquake rocks TurkeyHusband to sue wif

9、eBoy on cliff rescuedYoung Sudanese refugees endured famine, separations from familyFrom above we can see two prominent features of English newspaper headlines: Headlines are almost always in the present tense and even future events are put in the present tense Headlines generally omit unnecessary w

10、ords, especially articles and the verb to is often replaced by a comma.Newspaper headlines can be classified into several types: Straight headlines give you the main topic of the are the most comm on type of headline and are the easiest to understandSnow has chilling effects on SouthClinton offers B

11、ush advice. Headlines that ask a question,report a future possibility or offer some doubt about the truth or accuracy of the story.Can technology fix ballot woesDo market analysts have bad aim or bad intentions) Headlines that con tain a quotation which is important or which shows that a statement i

12、s not proven.Mother:Let my baby goWe wont quit Double headlines are two-part headlines for the same story and are oftenused for major events.How Express broke diplomatic silenceHUSH-UP ON “SPY ENVOYS Feature headlines are used for stories that are either highly unusual or for such stories try to be

13、as clever as possible to catch the readers interest.Teletubbles maker seeks funds for expansionDead student fell under the crush during clashesUnderstanding Headline VocabularyEnglish newspaper headlines use a special headline contracts a lot ofinformation into a short space and hence in headlines w

14、e often see Short words used instead of long ones.aid=assistbare=expose or reveal;blast=explodeprobe=investigationwoo=seek to win Abbreviations such as short names which can be used when they are likelyto be identified by the initials are used whenever possible Close-up on WILL(WILL=Willam Shakespea

15、re)Yard smash airport gang(Yard=Scotland Yard)MP slams hospital delay(MP=member of Parliament) shortened words and slang Weekly mag for stamp lovers to be launched(mag=magazine)Br fly into stormover pigeon ban(B二Britain)Olivier denies blackmail jibe(jibe=an insulting attack)The following is a list o

16、f words with their com mon headline to befamiliar with these wordsExamplWordCommon headline meaningAccordagreeme ntAirto make knownAccord possible todayTV airs facts on arms deliveryAssailto criticize stronglyRuss assails US on A-testsAxeto dismiss from a jobGovernor to axe aideBackto supportAlgeria

17、 backs decision to ignore dollarBalkto refuse to acceptUnion balks at court orderBarnot to allowClub faces shutdown for barring womenBidattemptBid to open borderBlast(noun)explosion;strong criticismTanker blast near Manila(verb)criticize stronglyMP blasts democratsstrike with explosivesblazefireBlaz

18、e kills threecitementionManagement cites labor unrestforshutdownclaimto declare to be trueMan claims ghost sightingclaimfclaimto killBombs claim40the life of)clash(noun)battle; disputeMarine dies in clash(verb)disagree strongly;fightMayor clashes with city councilcooluninterested; unfriendlyMoscow c

19、ool to aid offercurblimit; controlSunday driving curbs plannedBilkto cheatClerk bilks company of $lmdeadlocka disagreement thatJury deadlock in kidnap trialofferUnion rejects latest bidcannot be settleddrivea strong well-planned effort Cancer drive exceeds goalby a group for a particularpurposedueex

20、pectedGreek FM due todayeyeto watch with interestWomens groups eye court voteeaseto reduce or loosenRome eases martial lawevethe day beforeViolence on eve of independencefaultto find in the wrongStudy faults policefeuddispute;Border feud danger to regionalpeacestrong disagreementflayaccuse;criticize

21、 stronglyUS flays Russiafoeopponent; enemyClinton talks with congressionalfoesfoilto prevent from succeedingFBI foils bid to hijack plane to Irangripto take hold ofCholera fear grips Japangutto destroy completely by fireYears biggest fire guts 178 homeshead offto preventPreside nt heads off rail str

22、ikeheisttheftJewel heist foiledholdkeep in police control;7 held for smugglingarrestinkto signThailand,Malaysia ink sea treatykeyvery importantGov key votekick offto beginFiery speech kicks off campaignlash outcriticize strongly;College heads lash out at NUSaccuselaudto praisePM lauds community spir

23、itlineposition;dema ndIsrael softens linelaunchto beginPolice launch anti-drug drive/linkconnected toFungus linked to mystery diseasloomexpected in the nearTreaty dispute loomingfutureloot(nou n)stolen money or goodsPolice recover loot(verb) unlawful taking away ofRioters loot stores goodsvaluablena

24、bnetnodiofficeoptoustpactPleapledgeto captureto take possession of;Gang leader nabbedCustoms check nets over $2mpoisedcaptureapprovalan important government positionchoose;decideto take power away froma solemn agreementdeeply felt requestMinister seeks nod for oil savingplanMinister quits,tired of o

25、fficeSwiss opt to back tax forchurchesVotersoust incumbentsPeace pact todayMothers plea;Let me see my babya statement in court indicatingGuilty pleas expectedguilt or innocencepromiseGuilty pleas expectedIOC pledges supportready for actionWorkers poised to strikepollelectionOctober pollVoting statio

26、nVoters go to the polls in JapanPostposition in government,Unknown gets key Cabinet postBusinessProbe investigationGovernor orders fire probePromptto causeCourt decision prompts publican gerRage to burn out of controlForest fire ragesRap(noun) accusation chargeCorruptionap unfair says senator(verb)

27、criticizeSafety commission raps auto companiesrockto shock;to surpriseGov rocks stock marketroutdefeat completelyRebels routed,leave 70 deadrowa quarrelOil price row may bring down govt.ruledecideCourt rules out PLO talkssackdismiss from a jobJail chief sackedsack(from to search thoroughly and rob 1

28、4 held for US embassy sackingransack)setdecided on;readyIMF talks set for Aprilslayto kill or murder2 slain in family rowsnagproblem;difficultyLast minute snag hits arms talkssnub to pay no attention to Protestants snub Ulster peace bid soarto rise rapidlyInflation rate soarssparkto cause;to lead to

29、 action Frontier feuding sparks attackstalemate a disagreement that cannot be settledNew bid to break hostage stalematestallmaking no progressPeace effort in Lebanon stalledstanceattitude;way of thinkingNew stance toward power cutsstemto prevent or stopRainy season stems refugee exitswayto in fluenc

30、e or persuade President fails to sway union-strike setswindlean unlawful way of getting moneyStock swindle in NYthwartprevent from being successfulHonduras attack thwartedtiesrelationsVietnam ties soonTrimto cutSen ate trims budgetTriggerto causeKilling triggers riotVieto competeIrish top ranks vie

31、for officeVoidto determine to be invalidVoting law voides by courtVowa solemn promisePolice chief vows to catch kidnappersWeighto considerBush weights tax increase英美报刊选读辅导三The Newspaper LeadThe first paragraph of a news story is called the lead It almost always gives you the storys main topic and mo

32、st important facts. When you read a newspaper lead sentence, try to find the subject and main verb and note how the rest of the sentence adds information to the subject and main verbAnwar Sadat Assassinated at Cairo Military ReviewCAIRO,October7-Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, a modern-day pharaoh w

33、ho attempted to lead the Arab world toward a permanent Mideast peace with Isreal, was assassinated yesterday by a band of soldiers who attacked a military parade reviewing stand with automatic rifles and hand grenades.Note that a great deal of information is included in a single writer has organized

34、 the sentence around the subject(Egyptian President Anwar Sadat)and main verb(was assassinate) very carefullyThe lead sente nee usually does the following: Answers questions such as “ who M “ whatn where whenresult Adds background to help you better understand the story orState where the source of t

35、he story comes from.英美报刊选读辅导四Read the News StoryIn most news stories the most important facts will be found near the beginning-usually within the first two or three remainder of the story will give details explaining and clarifying the main points,or introducing new,but less important information.Th

36、e following is a formula for a typical news story; Paragraph OneThe storys subject and most important facts. Paragraph TwoImportant facts that the writer was unable to include in the lead;Information to clarify the facts in the lead;A particularly important quote The rest of the storySpecific detail

37、s to answer readers questions;Statements and opinions by people involved in the story or by outsideobservers;Background information;New,but less important facts.Accordingly, when you read a news story, you are to: Read the beginning of the story very carefully because it contains the most important

38、fact. Try to look for more facts than those given in the lead If you dont understand something at the beginning of a story, keep reading for a second(and perhaps a third) chance to understand.英美报刊选读辅导五%Reading the Feature Story in a NewspaperIn most news stories the main points come very early and l

39、ess impotant information comes is another kind of story_the feature story which follows a different format,the feature formatPopular Magazines and Magazine ArticlesReading popular magazines is a good way to enlarge our vocabulary and learn a little bit about many topics in following is a list of maj

40、or magazines in Britain and the United States Magazines in BritainThe EconomistBritain TodayThe SpectatorContemporary ReviewNew StatesmanLondon MagazineNew ScientistObserver ReviewThe ListenerPunchBritish Weekly Magazines in the United StatesTimeUS News & World ReportNewsweekReaders DigestLifeBusine

41、ss WeeklyFortuneHarpersPeopleAmerican ReviewThe New YorkerVery often we read magazines while traveling or relaxing of magazine articles do not expect their audience to spend too much time reading and try to make the main ideas stand out clearly The task for the reader is to locate these main ideas q

42、uickly.Popular magazine writers use various devices to capture a readers attention:clever titles,short paragraphs and compound nouns to economize on in magazine often have characteristics similar to those found in news stories or articles found in are some feautures of magazine articles: An introduc

43、tory paragraph summarize the main idea; The details are given in the rest of the articles; The authors view of the subject is directed to a particular audience but may interest readers in general.英美报刊选读辅导六Reading AdvertisementsMost magazines and newspapers contain advertisements that are designed to

44、 make us want the want us to believe that their product is important for a good life. Some advertisements even present viewpoints on timely newspaper ads try to influence the readers opinio ns.The Ianguage of advertising must be a Ianguage of immediate impact and rapid persuasion. No one is likely t

45、o spend much time deciding whether to read a printed advertisement or listen to a spoken one:lf their attention is not attracted immediately and held firmly for the short amount of time necessary to absorb what is being said. Then the advertisement will have miserably. So the advertising language us

46、es a basically simple grammatical structure and a richly suggestive and descriptive vocabulary.Read the following ad.Only the cream of the crop filesOur chefs buy only the freshest and most expensive ingredients for our k让chensAnywhere Because they believe that good food really is the way to a perso

47、ns heart.Obviously, there are many who would agreeIn fact, experienced travelers have rewarded Swissair with the greatest percentage of repeat businessWhich is not something we take lightly.Because travelers who fly more, expect moreSo our chefs prepare five gourmet selections for every flight. Plus

48、 any one of 15 different special meals onequest:Hindu,Kosher,Moslemiabetic,slat-free,vegetarian,dietetic.you name it.Only the best will please Swissair passengersThe cream of the crop.Swissair has worldwide departures from New York, Bost on, Chicago, Montreal and Toronto.Call Swissair of your travel

49、 expertSWISSAIRIn the above ad, a great deal is said in a few words. We see short sente nces, vivid language, and many in formal, popular expressi ons. They appeal to all of the sensesWhen you read an advertisement, you may: Look for the hidden message; the way in which an advertiser uses words and pictures to in fluence readers opinions and attitudes Read between the lines for meanings implied rather than clearlystated. Find the source of its appeal to the senses.