江苏牛津译林八年级上册Unit 4基础学案

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1、江苏牛津译林八年级上册Unit 4基础学案学员姓名： 年 级： 授课日期授课时段授课主题8AU4教学目标1.重点单词、短语、句型及语法；2.易错点及常考点 教学重难点重点：查漏补缺 难点：祈使句教学内容一词汇、短语精讲：WORDS&PHRASES1. Youd better get some tools. d better 是had better的缩写，意为“最好”，后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其否定形式为had better not do sth. You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。Youd better not

2、 play football every day. 你最好不要每天踢足球。2. Shall we start?Shall we do something? = Lets do something, shall we? 不表示疑问，用来提议，意思是“我们做某事好吗？”Shall we go out for a walk? = Lets go out for a walk, shall we? 我们出去散散步，好吗？“Shall we do something?”的答句比较灵活。肯定回答用：Good idea! Thats great. All right! Lets go.等。否定回答时需说明理

3、由。Shall we go out for a walk?No. I have lots of things to do.3. No problem! 没问题！no problem意为“没问题”，用来表示同意或愉快地答应请求。-Could you write the word for me?-No problem.No problem 还可用于以下情境：l 回答感谢，意为“不用谢；别客气”-Thank you very much. -No problem.l 回答道歉，意为“没关系；没什么”-Im sorry to keep you waiting. -No problem.l 表示有能力做某

4、事，意为“没问题；不在话下”-Can you finish the work in an hour? -No problem.4. exactly adv. 确切地，精确地Tell me exactly where Mary lives. 请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。His answer is exactly right. 他的答案完全正确。其形容词为exact, 意为“确切的，精确的”It was difficult to tell her exact age. 很难说出她确切的年龄。5. stand for 代表，象征 PRC代表中国共和国。_ 鸽子象征着和平。 _ 5.PRC stand

5、s for Peoples Republic of China.The dove stands for peace.6. instead of 而不是，代替为介词短语，后面常接名词、代词或动名词充当宾语，还可接和前面对等的形容词、副词或介词短语。我们将去问李明而不是去问玛丽。 _ 他们没有坐公共汽车而是步行到那里去。_ 他没有学习，而是上网了。 _ 【注】instead of与instead可进行同义句转换。如：她去游泳了，而没有打篮球。 = 7. be crazy about. 对.着迷，痴迷于.其中about是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。汤姆对音乐很着迷。_ 我不擅长体育，但是我对看体育

6、比赛很着迷。_ 8. He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.（1）once此处作副词，意为“一度，曾经”，常位于系动词be之后，行为动词之前。当表示过去的经验或经历时，也可放在句首作状语。这部影片曾经很受欢迎，可是现在没有人看它了。 _ 我曾经住在中国的南方_ 他从前在那家工厂工作过。 _ once作副词时，还可意为“一次，一回”，常用在句末。我们去过那里一次。 _ 我们每周去看望爷爷奶奶一次。 _ （2）put in 意为 他们要安装新窗户。 _ 安装中央暖气需要多少钱？

7、_ （3）make a mistake/make mistakes 他在拼写方面犯了许多错误。 _ 【短语拓展】make a noise/noises 发出噪音 make a face/faces 做鬼脸别制造噪音，那个婴儿正在睡觉。 _ 那个孩子冲他爸爸做鬼脸。 _ 9. Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.（1）put up 意为“挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建造”请举起你们的手。 _ 我爸爸在花园

8、前面搭了个帐篷。 _ 【拓展】由put构成的短语：put on 穿上，戴上，上演（戏剧） put out 伸出，扑灭put away 收起来，收好他穿上外套离开了房间。 _ 他用毯子把火扑灭了。 _ 该回家了，请把学习用品收好。 （2）fill.with.意为“用.充满.”他把玻璃杯里装满了水。 【拓展】be filled with相当于be full of，意为“装满.，充满.”如：书包里装满了书。 = 10. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.not only . bu

9、t also . 意为“不但而且”，可以连接并列主语、宾语或表语。当连接并列主语时，谓语动词的形式由but also后的主语来决定，即就近原则。Not only your parents but also I am proud of you. （并列主语）He can speak not only English but also Japanese. （并列宾语）My mother is not only a good teacher but also a good cook. （并列表语）如：我妈妈不仅喜欢看书，还喜欢上网聊天。 _ 6.Well ask Li Ming instead of

10、 Mary.They went there on foot instead of by bus.Instead of studying, she surfed the Internet.She went swimming instead of playing basketball.=She didnt play basketball. She went swimming instead.7. Tom is crazy about music.I am not good at sports, but I am crazy about watching sports matches.T.his f

11、ilm was once popular, but nobody sees it now.I once lived in the south of China.8. Once he worked in the factory.We have been there once.We go to see my grandparents once a week.They will put in new windows.How much does it cost to put in central heating?He made many mistakes in spelling. The child

12、made a face at his father.ont make a noise/noises. The baby is sleeping.9. Please put up your hands.My father put up a tent in front of the garden.He put on his coat and left the room.He put out the fire with a blanket.Its time to go home. Please put away your school things.He filled the glass with

13、water. / The glass was filled with water by him.The schoolbag is filled with books./The schoolbag is full of books.10. My mother likes not only reading but also chatting online.11. above, over, on三个词都可意为“在之上”above指两物体不接触，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反义词为below；over指两物体不接触，多用于垂直的“正上方”，与under互为反义词；on指与物体表面接触。飞机在云层上面飞行。

14、 _ 河上有一座桥。 _ 墙上有一张地图。 _ 12. They couldnt stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!one.the other. 意思是“一个另一个”我有两部手机，一部是给你的，另一部是给你姐姐的。_ 拓展：other, the other, another辨析1) other用作代词时，与each连用，构成互相代词each other。other的复数形式others；other用作形容词时，意思“别的，其他的”，在句中作定语。He often help others.

15、We study Chinese, Maths, history and other lessons.2) the other 指“两者中的另一个”，常与代词“one”连用构成词组“one.the other”。I have two bedrooms. One is on the first floor. The other is on the second floor.3) another指“不确定的另一个”，之后跟单数可数名词。Would you like another moon cake?No, thanks. Im full.13. buy sb. sth.= buy sth. fo

16、r sb. 为/给某人买某物我妈妈将给我买一件新外套。 _- 我会把它买给你。 _ 【注】如果直接宾语是代词，则只能用buy sth. for sb. 的结构。【拓展】类似的短语有：pass sth. to sb. = pass sb. sth. give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.make sth. for sb. = make sb. sth.14. advise及物动词，“建议”advise作及物动词时，具体用法如下： advi

17、se doing sth. 建议做某事他建议早点儿动身。 _ 我建议等到适当的时机。 _ advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事他建议我买台电脑。 _ 医生建议我休息。 advise sb. against doing sth. 劝告某人不要做某事=advise sb. not to do sth.他劝她晚上不要出去。_ 她父亲劝告她不要嫁给这个人。 _ 15. But this just made him angryhe says he already knows everything about it.（1）make的用法及物动词，意为“使成为；使成为，让，使”，后接复

18、合宾语，常由形容词、名词、介词短语或动词原形充当宾语补足语。 make+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人他总是使他的课很有趣。 _ 吵闹的音乐使我不舒服。_ make sb./sth. + 名词 使某人/某物成为那位老师尽力使自己成为学生们的好朋友。 _ 我们选他当我们组的组长。 _ make sb./sth. do sth. 使某人/某物做某事医生叫病人躺下，然后给他仔细检查身体。_那个男孩经常让他的狗跳上跳下。 _ （2）already副词，意为“已经”，一般用于肯定句中。虽然已近午夜，但他们还在继续工作。They continued working, though it was alr

19、eady midnight.already 与 yet 区别：already 多用于肯定句中。Our country has finished the sixth population census（人口普查）already.yet 常用语疑问句和否定句中。一般情况下，含有already 的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时，要把already变成yet。Has our country finished the sixth population census yet?I havent finished my homework yet.16. attend 及物动词，“参加，出席”你参加那次会议了吗？

20、_ 只有几个朋友参加了聚会。_ 11. The plane flew above the clouds. There is a bridge over the river. There is a map on the wall.12. I have two mobile phones. One is for you. The other is for your sister.13. My mother will buy me a new coat./My mother will buy a new coat for me. I will buy it for you.14. He advise

21、d leaving early. I advised waiting till proper time. He advised me to buy a computer. The doctor advised me to have/take a rest. He advised her against going out at night. Her father advised her against marrying the man.15. He always makes his classes interesting. Loud music makes me uncomfortable.

22、The teacher tried his best to make himself a good friend of his pupils. We made him the head of our group. The doctor made the patient lie down and looked over him carefully.The boy often makes his dog jump up and down.16. Did you attend the meeting? Only a few friends attended the party.语法一、疑问词 + t

23、o do【教材典句】1. I did not know how to get away. 我不知道如何离开。2. We often meet together and discuss what to read. 我们经常一起碰面并讨论读什么书。【语法全解】1. 在英语中，疑问词（who, what, which, when, where, how等）可以跟动词不定式一起构成不定式短语，相当于一个名词性短语，在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、双宾语等。但是疑问词why后不能跟动词不定式。（1）作主语，此时谓语动词常用单数形式。何时开运动会还是个问题。_ （2）作宾语，常放在动词（词组）tell, sh

24、ow, know, learn, decide, teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等后面。我还没有决定午饭吃什么。_ （3）作表语问题是怎样学好英语。_ （4）作双宾语，常放在advise, tell, ask, teach, show等词后面。你能建议我买哪一件外套吗？ _ 2. “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以改为从句。你能告诉我下一步该做什么吗？ 二、must与have to【教材典句】1. I must run away from them我必须逃离他们2. She has to take her daughter from scho

25、ol in the afternoon. 下午她必须把女儿从学校接回来。3. You must not smoke in the library. 你一定不要在图书馆吸烟。4. We do not have to go to school at weekends. 周末我们不必去上学。When to have a sports meeting is still a problem.I havent decided what to eat for lunch.The question is how to learn English well.Can you advise me which coa

26、t to buy?Can you tell me what to do next? = Can you tell me what I should do next?【语法全解】1. must的用法must是情态动词，意为“必须，一定要”，后接动词原形，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，must的否定形式must not (mustnt)语气较为强烈，意为“不许；禁止”。我必须在晚饭前完成这项工作。 _ 你不准在湖里游泳，那太危险了。 _ 2. have to的用法have to意为“必须，不得不”，后接动词原形，表示在客观上有必要做某事。使用have to时应注意以下几点：（1）have to有一

27、般现在（have to, has to），一般过去（had to）和一般将来（will have to）等多种时态。昨天上午Sandy不得不在公园门口等候。 （2）构成一般疑问句时，要在句子开头加do/does, did或will等助动词。在加拿大他们必须讲英语吗？ _ （3）have to的否定形式dont/doesnt/wont have to表示“没有必要”。你没有必要回答这个问题。 _ 3. must与have to的区别（1）两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。昨天他的自行车坏了，所

28、以他不得不步行去学校。_ （2）must的否定形式must not（mustnt）表示“一定不要，不允许”；而have to的否定式dont/doesnt have to（=neednt）表示“不必”。你绝对不要告诉她这件事。 _ 你不必告诉他这件事。 _ （3）must没有人称、数和时态的变化；而have to有人称、数和时态的变化。他必须在十点钟之前回来。 _ 他不得不在农场里给父母帮忙。 _ 我们将不得不骑自行车去。 _ I must finish the work before dinner.You mustnt swim in the lake. Its too dangerous.

29、Sandy had to wait at the park gate yesterday morning.Will they have to speak English in Canada?You dont have to answer the question.His bike was broken yesterday, so he had to walk to school.You mustnt tell her about it.You dont have to tell her about it.He must be back by ten oclock.He has to help

30、his parents on the farm.Well have to go by bike.基础导入1. _ of the two women is Mrs. Brown.A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C. More beautiful D. The most beautiful2. He jumps _ of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest3. There are girls in Class Two than in Class Four. A. more B. ni

31、cest C. most D. best4. No one is Mary in the class. A. so tallest as B. as taller as C. so high as D. so tall as5. The weather in Shenyang is even colder_.A. than that in Beijing B. than Beijing C. than in Beijing D. as that in Beijing 6. Peter is _ than his brother. A. more fatter B. much fatter C.

32、 very fat D. the fattest7. Whose sweater is of all? A. cheaper B. cheap C. cheapest D. the cheapest8. Which month has _ days in a year? -February. A. fewer B. more C. the fewest D. the most 9. The horse is getting old and cant run _ it did.A. as faster as B. so fast than C. faster D. so fast as 10.

33、Everything is on the moon than on the earth.A. much more lighter B. much more light C. more lighter D. much lighter11. You had better because you have to drive back home. （上海中考）A. not drinking B. not drink C. dont drink D. not to drink12. -Could you help me put up the maps on the wall?- . （2012. 贵州）

34、A. No problem B. I hope so C. Thats all right D. Thats a good idea13. CCTV-10 often plays around the world. It can help us learn more about not only nature but also different cultures and customs. （2012.哈尔滨）A. new something B. somehing new C. anything new D. nothing new14. Hes poor at spelling. He m

35、ade a lot of spelling m in his writing. （2012.杭州）15. He kept on (talk) until the class was over. （兰州中考）16. I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening. No one was at home, and Mom and Dad hadnt left me a note. This made me . （2013.山东枣庄）A. angrily B. happy C. angry D. happily17. Shal

36、l we go on Sunday? I love water sports. Thats a good idea. （2013江苏泰州）A. hiking B. swimming C. cycling D. skating18. Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow?Well, it all the weather. （2013浙江湖州）A. belongs to B. happens to C. depends on D. concentrate on19. Not only your friends but also aunt Li to see you.

37、A. want B. wants C. wantingBDACA BDCDDBAB mistakes. talking。CBCB 一单项选择1. I am sure I can improve in spoken English in two years time.A. myself B. ourselves C. himself D. themselves2. We keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. may B. should C. can D. need3. -Shall we go hiking

38、tomorrow? - . The radio says it will rain.A. Sure B. Thats a good idea C. Im afraid we cant D. All right4. Dont lose in computer games, Tony.A. yourself B. yourselves C. ourselves D. themselves5. Can you fix this window?A. break B. broke C. broken D. breaking6. Daniel is about playing football. He e

39、ven plays it when it rains.A. interested B. fond C. afraid D. crazy7. Waiter, the porridge . Please take it away.A. tastes good B. taste good C. taste terrible D. tastes terrible8. I thought that you from Shanghai.A. are B. were C. will be D. was9. Youd better too much time playing computer games.A.

40、 dont spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. not spend10. Please the cup water.A. fill; in B. full; in C. fill; with D. full; with11. Mike was ill yesterday, he didnt go to school.A. if B. but C. so D. or12. She almost knocked me down she saw me.A. before B. after C. till D. as13. -My recorder is

41、broken. Could I use yours? - , but you have to return it tomorrow.A. Im not sure B. No problem C. Im sorry D. I hope so14. We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and is from America.A. another B. the other C. other D. the others15. Tom Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communica

42、te with these Chinese students very well.A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or二完成句子1. 你应该先看说明。You first.2. 你最好现在去找她。You and look for her now.3. 看标牌，它上面写着“禁止吸烟”。Look at the sign. , “No smoking.”4. DIY代表什么？What DIY ?5. 他对“疯狂英语”很着迷。He “Crazy English”.6. 每个人时不时都会犯错误。Everyone may at times.7. 她英语不仅读得好，而且英语书写也很美。She reads English very well it beautifully.8. 他们的眼睛里充满了眼泪。Their eyes tears.一、ABCAC DDBDC CDBBB二、Should read the instructionHad better goIt saysDoes Stand foris crazy aboutmake mistakesnot only but also writesare filled with Yours, Lucy11 / 11