t基础钢筋施工方案

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1、Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator applic

2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this

3、 robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set

4、 for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standa

5、rds. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of ind

6、ustrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of autom

7、ation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opp

8、ortunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm r

9、esearch began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic ar

10、m spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like wel

11、ding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand昆山通岛置

12、业有限公司昆山巴城水印兰亭居住小区 钢筋工程施工方案编制人：审核人：批准人：苏卅市永和建筑工程有限公司2012年3月7日目 录一、工程概况二、施工前准备三、钢筋加工四、钢筋种类五、钢筋锚固及连接要求六、基础底板钢筋绑扎七、墙体钢筋绑扎八、框架梁、柱钢筋绑扎九、楼板钢筋绑扎十、钢筋保护层十一、钢筋定位措施十二、钢筋质量要求一、工程概况： 本工程位于昆山市巴城镇湖滨路东侧。由昆山通岛置业有限公司开发，我公司苏州永和建筑工程有限公司承建。本工程建筑面积约为63000，二、 施工前准备：（1）钢筋进场时，应附有厂家的质量证明书，并且按规定取样复试和外观检查，包括规格、直径公差、有无裂纹、气孔、表面锈蚀

13、情况。所有钢筋必须在质量证明书齐全及复试合格后，才能使用。（2）外观检查：热轧钢筋的表面不得有裂纹，结疤和折叠。钢筋的外观尺寸应符合GB1499.2-2007的规定。（3）抽检取样：热轧钢筋进场应分批验收。每批同一牌号，同一规格和同一炉号的钢筋组成，重量不大于60吨。允许由同一牌号同一冶炼和浇筑方法的不同炉罐号的钢筋组成混合批。各炉罐号的含碳量差不超过0.02%，含锰量差不得超过0.15%。（4）力学性能试验：从每批钢筋中任选两根钢筋，每根取两个试样分别进行拉力试验和冷弯试验，如有一项不满足规范要求，则从同一批中另取双倍数量的试样重做各项试验。三、钢筋的加工：（1）钢筋加工前，应先去除钢筋上的

14、铁锈，油渍等杂物。（2）钢筋加工要严格按料表进行，料表上按设计和规范要求，注明需加工钢筋的型号、形状、尺寸及使用部位和数量。（3）根据钢筋使用部位、接头形式、接头比例合理配料，加工时，要本着“长料长用、短料断用、长短搭配”的原则，不得随意切断整根钢筋。（4）弯曲钢筋时，要用机械冷弯，不得用气焊烤弯。（5）级圆盘钢筋加工前，应先调直去锈，调直时，要严格控制其冷拉率，最大不得超过4%。（6）级钢筋的末端需做180的弯钩。（7）箍筋加工时，弯曲部分需确保135，平直部分长度为10d，并大于等于70mm，且箍筋双肢相互平行。（8）钢筋的半成品加工质量、剪力墙横竖向定位梯子筋，柱定位卡具、板马凳等需提前

15、加工并进行预检，确保尺寸准确。（9）加工好的钢筋半成品要在现场指定范围内堆放，且挂牌标识，注明钢筋的型号、尺寸、使用部位及数量，防止使用时发生误用。四、钢筋种类：（1）级，HPB235；级，HRB335;级，HRB400（2）钢筋加工：采用集中加工配料，现场绑扎成型。五、钢筋锚固及连接要求：（1）梁主筋、墙体竖直筋d22时，采用机械连接；16d22时，竖直钢筋采用电渣压力焊连接，水平钢筋采用闪光对焊连接；d16时采用绑扎搭接，接头应隔根错开，质量符合规范标准。（2）框架梁柱：墙暗柱的纵向钢筋接头大于等于16采用电渣压力焊连接包括墙边缘构件。并根据设计要求进行箍筋加密，加密区域为板上及梁下1/6

16、净高且大于等于500mm范围内，箍筋间距为100mm；每层第一道箍筋（即起步筋）距离板面50mm。框架梁纵向钢筋接头应避开梁段箍筋加密区，纵向钢筋需要连接时，梁负筋可在跨中1/3部位连接，梁下铁可在支座处连接，入支座长度不小于其锚固长度。当采用机械锚固时，锚入长度应不小于07锚固长度。除施工图注明外，次梁上筋锚入支座长度不小于35d，且弯钩直段长度不小于15d。下筋锚入支座15d。（3）墙体钢筋：除施工图注明外，墙与边缘构件按全高通长设置，墙体边缘构件竖向钢筋接头应每隔一根相互错开。墙体分布筋均采用双排双向，在两排钢筋之间按梅花形设置拉筋6600，此筋应同时钩住纵、横向钢筋。墙体竖向分布筋接头

17、应每隔一根按50%接头相互错开，搭接长度为1.2倍锚固长度。水平分布筋的连接采用搭接，第一道水平筋距离结构面50mm。同一截面钢筋接头率不大于1/2。接头位置应错开1.3倍搭接长度且至少500mm。地下室外墙分布筋若需搭接时，外侧竖向筋搭接应距支座1000mm以上，搭接长度1.2倍锚固长度，接头要求同上。外侧水平筋搭接应应在跨中1/3部位，搭接长度1.4倍锚固长度，接头要求同上。内侧竖向筋及水平筋搭接应在支座部位，各筋入支座满足锚固长度。墙体上非连续的小洞口，洞口加筋应严格按照结构说明施工。（4）隔墙与主体结构的连接：砌体填充墙应沿高度每隔500mm设置26.5隔墙拉结筋。纵横隔墙相交处设拉结

18、筋，锚入每边隔墙内不小于1000mm。填充墙构造柱的设置位置间各层建筑平面及相关结构施工图纸。如有关图纸未注明，则构造柱应在长度大于5m的墙中、墙体转角、不同厚度墙体交接处、大于等于1.5m洞口两侧、悬臂梁端部布置，构造柱间距不大于3m。构造柱与墙体连接每隔500mm设置26.5拉结筋。填充墙高度超过4米时，在墙中部设与柱连接的圈梁；当砼柱或砼墙边填充墙长度小于一砖时，砌体填充墙改为采用砼填充墙。主楼处填充墙，在墙中部设与柱连接的圈梁。（5）现浇板：各层楼板布筋时应将下筋搭接在支座，各筋锚入支座水平段长度不小于5d，且伸至梁、墙中心线。上筋锚入支座长度不小于锚固长度。布筋时板内双向配筋除注明外

19、，均将短向钢筋或较粗钢筋放在外皮，并采取措施保证上层钢筋位置准确。各层现浇板布筋时应尽量将钢筋拉通放置。电气管线应放在楼板负筋的下面、板厚的中间1/3范围内，管线位置按规定设置抗裂钢筋网片，防止管线位置造成楼板裂缝。铝制管线不允许埋在砼构件中，以免铝与砼及钢筋发生电化学反应，若必须采用铝管时，其表面必需有可靠的保护层。管线外径应不大于楼板厚度的1/3（管线交叉处不受此限）。楼板开洞时，洞口每边加筋应符合设计要求。钢筋接头率及错开间距：梁从任意绑扎接头中心至搭接长度L的1.3倍区段且大于等于500mm范围内，有接头的受力钢筋截面积占受力钢筋总面积百分率受拉区不得超过25%；受压区不得超过50%；

20、墙、柱、暗柱纵向筋错开50%。接头部位：基础底板基梁上铁在支座处搭接，下铁在跨中1/3范围内搭接；其余部位梁板的上铁宜在跨中1/3范围内搭接下铁在支座处搭接；墙体钢筋搭接部位应在楼地面上大于净高/6且500处。顶层钢筋锚入墙或梁板内；楼板内主钢筋应锚入梁和墙内，下铁锚固长度应不小于1/2板厚及5d，上铁锚入剪力墙满足锚固要求。当竖向钢筋采用电渣压力焊时，其接头位置应错开35d且大于等于500。（6）机械连接：直径22mm的钢筋均采用剥肋直螺纹机械连接。其连接要求：钢筋机械连接头满足接头强度及变形性能要求。接头的抗拉强度值均不小于该级别抗拉强度的标准值，同时尚不应小于0.9倍钢筋母材的实际抗拉强

21、度值。接头等级为A级。受力钢筋机械连接接头位置相互错开40d，受拉区钢筋接头按50%错开；受压区接头位置不限。认真检查直螺纹套丝长度，要求连接后无丝扣外漏，拧紧力矩达到要求。（7）接头施工现场与验收：由技术提供单位提交有效的型式检验报告。钢筋连接开始前及施工过程中，应对每批进场钢筋进行接头工艺检验；每种规格钢筋接头试件不少于3根。现场检验应进行外观质量检查和单向拉伸试验。接头的现场检验按验收批进行，同一施工条件下采用同一批材料的同等级、同型式、同规格接头，以500个为一个验收批进行检验与验收。对接头的每一验收批，必须在工程结构中随机截取3个试件做单向拉伸试验，按A级接头性能进行检验与评定。六、

22、基础底板钢筋绑扎：（1）工艺流程：基础放线 弹钢筋位置线 铺设底层钢筋 放砼垫块 绑扎地梁 敷设专业管线 检查验收 安放上层钢筋支架 标识上层钢筋网间距 铺设上层钢筋 柱、墙、暗柱插筋 申报隐检 隐检签证 转入下道工序。（2）依据施工图纸要求在垫层上弹好下网钢筋间距的网格线、地梁及墙、柱的边线，并分别标出。（3）、本工程钢筋砼结构用钢量大，施工难度大，尤其主楼基础底板，属大体积砼结构（底板1500厚），因此采用钢筋支架此技术措施，确保钢筋绑扎质量符合设计要求。（另详钢筋支架安全专项施工方案）七、墙体钢筋绑扎：（1）工艺流程：放墙边线 沿线切割并剔凿砼软弱层修整预留搭接筋 绑扎、搭接钢筋 画横筋

23、分档标志 绑二根横筋 画竖筋分档标志 绑横、竖筋及拉结筋。（2）各层墙钢筋绑扎前应在楼板上按施工图放出所有墙、暗柱的边线和控制线。（3）根据所弹墙、暗柱的边线校正插筋。在墙两边立竖向梯子筋，在下部1m处绑扎2根定位横筋，并在横筋上画好分档标志，然后焊其余竖筋、绑扎墙筋，绑扎时墙体水平筋应在外侧，竖向筋在内侧。双排钢筋按要求设置拉结固定筋，每间隔两根竖筋呈梅花形布设，施工时一次成型，采用塑料卡子和附加钢筋梯形支撑的方法保证钢筋位置和保护层厚度准确。（4）墙体节点及门窗洞口处，暗梁、连梁等搭接位置及锚固长度按设计、规范及抗震要求施工。八、框架梁、柱钢筋：（1）柱钢筋绑扎：工艺流程：放柱边线 沿线切

24、割并剔凿砼软弱层 钢筋调直 绑扎柱竖向钢筋 套箍筋 画箍筋分档控制线 绑扎箍筋 安装保护层塑料垫块 验收绑扎柱筋前，测量工按柱截面尺寸放出柱边线，用无齿锯沿柱边线切割成槽，然后用锥子剔除柱内砼软弱层，用气泵吹干净砼残渣，将柱筋调整顺直，然后开始绑扎柱钢筋。在立好的竖向钢筋上，用粉笔画出箍筋位置，然后将已套好的箍筋往上移动，由上往下采用缠扣绑扎。柱主筋与箍筋交点逐点绑扎，箍筋弯钩处应沿柱主筋方向交错布置绑扎。柱箍筋绑扎完后，在柱主筋上每隔1m交错安装塑料垫块，以保证保护层厚度准确。（2）框架梁钢筋绑扎：工艺流程：梁模板验收完 在模板侧帮上画箍筋分档标记 放箍筋 穿梁下铁筋并与箍筋绑扎 穿梁上铁钢

25、筋并与箍筋绑扎 安装保护层垫块 验收箍筋入模前，用气泵将模内的木屑吹出，然后按照箍筋间距在模板侧帮上画分档标记，将箍筋放入模内后，按照先下铁、后上铁的顺序将梁主筋与箍筋绑扎牢固。梁主筋与箍筋交点处采用套扣绑扎方法逐点绑扎。绑扎完毕后，用撬棍将梁位置挑直，并每隔1m交错安装塑料垫块。九、楼板钢筋绑扎：（1）工艺流程：核验模板标高 弹钢筋位置线 绑扎底层钢筋 安放垫块 敷设专业管线 安放马凳 标识上层钢筋网间距 绑扎上层钢筋 申报隐检 隐检验收签证 转入下道工序。（2）双层钢筋网片之间设塑料马凳，以确保上部钢筋的位置（3）板筋绑扎好后，严禁踩在上面行走。为防止浇筑砼时工人踩坏钢筋，铺设脚手板作行走

26、平台，供人行走。（4）楼板上的孔洞应预留，当洞口尺寸不大于300mm时不另加钢筋，板内钢筋不得截断，由洞边绕过；当洞口尺寸大于300mm时应按设计要求设置洞边附加筋。十、钢筋保护层最小厚度构件种类主钢筋保护层厚度保护层形式基础承台、筏板40砼垫块基础梁30水泥垫块基础柱30塑料卡子基础剪力墙20塑料卡子所有地下砼构件的迎水面50水泥垫块梁15塑料卡子柱15塑料卡子剪力墙15塑料卡子楼板、屋面板、非承重墙板15塑料卡子钢筋保护层最小厚度除应满足上述要求外，还应不小于相应纵筋直径等规范附注条款的相应规定。十一、钢筋定位措施（1）底板钢筋定位底板下层网片采用砼垫块，上层钢筋网片采用马凳，保证钢筋网片

27、的架空高度。马凳采用22的钢筋，间距1.2m，呈梅花型布置。为防止墙柱、暗柱插筋及甩出上层的搭接筋在浇筑砼过程中位移，墙、柱、暗柱立筋下端附加12水平筋与底板上层筋绑扎连接，上端用临时定位箍固定。（2）墙体钢筋定位：竖直钢筋：竖直钢筋位置和保护层用水平钢筋梯子和塑料卡进行内挤外顶控制。钢筋梯子上小横筋间距与竖直钢筋间距相同。水平钢筋：水平钢筋间距及保护层厚度采用竖向钢筋梯子进行控制。梯子间距为800100mm，竖向钢筋梯子小横筋间距与水平筋间距相同，在钢筋网片上用塑料卡子保证钢筋位置，竖向钢筋梯子用比墙体竖向钢筋直径大一级的钢筋制作，以代替竖向钢筋。（3）主钢筋：框架柱合模后，对上部伸出的钢筋

28、进行修整，柱立筋用内侧定位箍和外侧定位箍内外夹紧，并在上部绑一道临时定位箍筋，浇灌框架柱砼时安排专人看管钢筋，发现钢筋位移和变形及时调整。十二、质量要求：钢筋工程严格按规范要求进行验收，质量标准如下：钢筋绑扎允许偏差（mm)项次项目允许偏差检验方法1绑扎骨架宽、高5尺量长度102绑扎网片间距10尺量排距53箍筋、构造筋间距10尺量连续五个间距4受力主筋保护层基础5尺量受力主筋外表面至模板内表面垂直距离梁、柱3墙板、楼板to make the following points: the room temperature between relative humidity maintained a

29、t 30%-55%, and 7 days a week, 24 hours a day is required. Keep free of dust and well ventilated, brightness of at least 50 candle light. Provide the right door, the door should open outward. To have a sufficient number of dedicated power outlet, provides volt 15 amp AC power to the device. This powe

30、r supply for power and air conditioning or lighting circuits apart. the whole systems color management according to the design of the comprehensive wiring system, the whole system to the implementation of an integrated color management, that is, different regions using different colors to the mark,

31、specific color meanings are as follows: Blue: represents the regional level subsystems, terminating in the blue area of the cables between the junction between levels to information outlets. White: represents the vertical cable subsystem, terminating in the white areas of the main cable wiring and w

32、iring between floors. Green: input from the Central Office trunks Purple: from the data of common devices such as switches to lead. 2.6.7 design results in accordance with the ideas for the design of comprehensive wiring system, in line with the new plant office building, workshop technology require

33、ments, 155Mbps ATM, and video transmission and other requirements, in line with the 15-20 development of data communication within the development trend of the future. Based on the above design, design the system diagram in Appendix; other engineering equipment offer is attached. Part III, section I

34、 of the computer network system, Systemmanipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two

35、 relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the

36、lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of Chinas modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlli

37、ng the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1)

38、Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data p

39、rocessing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to co

40、ntrol and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection an

41、d distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the co

42、rresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is