年产5000t大豆油脂厂可行性研究报告

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1、Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post-office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been w

2、rapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 5o per cent a thief! Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 per cent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The l

3、ast note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable 既昂贵又受罪When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It sudden

4、ly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woollen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the p

5、lane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !Lesson47 A thirsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian

6、Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Th

7、ompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The vil

8、lagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away. Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想对我说什么吗？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to

9、say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue

10、was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美梦告终Tired of sleeping on the

11、floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but

12、on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on t

13、he mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.Lesson50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风I love travelling in the country, but I dont like losing my way

14、. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected. Im going to Woodford Green, I said to the conductor as I got on the bus, but I dont know where it is. Ill tell you where to get off, answered the conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countrys

15、ide. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus. Youll have to get off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green ? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It do

16、esnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conductor. Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus, I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a

17、week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as

18、fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasi

19、onally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy

20、 because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carr

21、y one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and

22、read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined

23、 the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt po

24、wer line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immedia

25、tely started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I

26、was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes

27、 to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to si

28、gn for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it i

29、s said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had firs

30、t asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years tha

31、t it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has

32、pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden dea

33、th!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let hims

34、elf in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outsi

35、de, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate大豆油脂厂可行性研究报告 2012年4月一、总论1、研究工作的目的、依据和范围 可行性研究是以大量资料和数据为基础，对各项调查研究材料进行技术经济分析、比较后得出可行

36、性研究结论，用以避免建设项目决策失误，提高项目投资综合效益。 根据项目建议书和工程合同，本报告将对建设项目的产品市场需求预测及建设规模及产品方案的确定，工程技术、环境保护、综合利用既节约资源、企业组织、劳动定员、项目实施进度，投资估算、资金筹措、安全技术、“三废”治理、经济效益和社会效益进行全面分析，并在此基础上提出技术上可靠、经济上合理、符合食品工业需求的方案。2、项目名称：年产5000t大豆油脂厂3、拟建地点：合肥市技术经济开发区4、项目提出的背景、投资的必要性和经济性 油料作物是我国植物油脂和蛋白质的重要来源。油料作物生产不仅在国民经济和社会发展中占有重要地位，也是我国农业可持续发展的主

37、要因素之一。我国是一个农业大国，但是由于人口持续增长以及种植业内部结构不合理等因素，我国植物油脂人均占有量不到世界平均水平的70%，与发达国家的差距更大，每年需要大量进口油脂原料或产品，进口总量居世界首位，油脂供给已经成为影响我国食物安全和农村经济发展的重要因素。为适应国内油料市场的变化，随着国内、国外油脂工业以规模效益为显著特征的发展趋势及国内豆粕、食用油紧缺的现状，拟在安徽省合肥市经济开发区兴建年产5000吨植物油脂加工企业。 将厂址设于安徽省合肥市经济开发区主要存在以下优势。首先，原料供应方便。安徽省是全国重要的油料主产省，油料面积和产量均居全国第三位。油料作物是安徽省的主要农作物，也是

38、优势作物和潜力巨大作物。全省油料作物面积147多万公顷，芝麻、花生、菜籽、大豆等农作物产量丰富，均居全国首位。并且，周边的河南省、山东省以及江苏等也是农业大省，因此，厂址设于合肥可以保证原料的供应量，并且由于交通运输方便可以大大节约成本。 植物油是每家每户的生活必需品，随着我国人口的增长和人民生活水平的不断提高，食用植物油脂的消费量越来越大，特别是进入九十年代以来，对食用油脂的质量也提出了更高的要求，食用植物油与人体健康的关系也普遍受到了人们的关注，对高级烹调油、一级油的需求越来越大。按照国务院批准的九十年代中国应达到1040万吨，年人均消费食用植物油将达到8公斤按照八届人大第2010年远景目

39、标纲要要求，我国年食用植物油需求总量将达到1120万吨，人均约9公斤，而目前我国人均消费仅7公斤。与此同时，随着行业用煎炸油、起酥油、人造奶油等食品专用油脂需求的逐年增加，精炼植物油及其制品有着非常广阔的发展前景。5、合肥经济技术开发区的总体税收环境与中国的税收政策相一致。此外，开发区还提供其他地方性的优惠政策。1） 、开发区的工业投资项目可免征37项行政事业性收费项目，包括企业注册登记费、土地登记费、房屋产权登记费等。2） 合肥市设有“加快工业发展专项基金”。在本市区域内注册、生产的工业企业，不分所有制及隶属关系，均属专项基金支持范围。3） 合肥市还设有“合肥市工业性固定资产投资项目库”对于

40、列入此项目库的项目，在开发区的企业还享有一系列特殊优惠政策。A、总投资额在1000万人民币以上的项目，依据具体投资额大小，政府按照实际支付的项目前期费用，例如项目可行性研究报告和环境评价报告等的50%-100%给予补助，但最高不超过200万人民币。B、新开工的、总投资在1000万人民币至一亿人民币的固定资产投资项目，在项目建设期内，政府按申报期新增的固定资产实际投资额的5%给于一次性补助。补助范围为项目土地使用权、厂房、设备和辅助设施等；补助时间从项目开始建设是计算，最长不超过两年。C、新开工的、总投资在5000万人民币以上的新建工业项目，五年内企业所缴纳的所得税地方留成部分奖励给企业。D、新

41、开工的、总投资额在一亿人民币以上或经济带动力强、科技含量高的新建工业项目，以及跨国、跨省、跨市工业企业将总部、生产基地以及研发中心入驻合肥市的项目，可采取“一企一议”、“一事一议”的办法，给于政策支持。E、经当地科技行政主管部门认定为高新技术产品的，从认定之日起，该产品三年内上交的新增增值税地方留成部分按50%的比例奖金给企业，用于企业技术研发投入。F、对经营期在10年以上，符合以下条件之一的，经市政府批准，在土地使用、地方奖励等方面给予特别扶持，实行一事一议：安排本市就业人数1000人以上；投资次年纳税总额(不含关税和海关环节代征的其它各项税收)1000万元以上；对促进合肥市经济结构调整具有

42、牵动作用的重大项目。 G、到开发区和工业园区投资工业项目，对合肥市规定的行政性收费实行零费率，经营性收费减半收取。4)、设立合肥市促进工业投资专项资金，对投资支柱产业和重点工业项目的，在项目前期费用补助、贷款贴息、配套补助、支柱产业配套奖励等方面，给予政策支持。A、对合肥市汽车及工程机械、家用电器、化工及新型建材三大支柱产业中的主导企业从市外引进的配套企业以及扶持的本地企业，3年内，按配套企业每年新增的增值税地方留成部分以及随征的地方税收入数，70奖励给主导企业，30奖励给配套企业。配套企业的奖励资金，企业所在区按地方税区级分享比例承担。B、投资工业项目的，按到位设备的实际价格，给予企业补贴8

43、10%。C、投资合肥市新产品（指国家级新产品、安徽省高新技术产品和火炬计划项目产品）的，在所得税地方留成、增值税地方留成等方面给予扶持；投资高新开发区内经认定的高新技术企业的，在所得税率、中试设备折旧等方面给予扶持。1.3研究工作概况及结论 本项目选址安徽省合肥市经济开发区，具有得天独厚的地理优势，地势平坦，公路和铁路运输畅通，交通便捷。今年来合肥市每年新增劳动力资源为开发区提供数量可观的劳动力，劳动成本较低。作为全国著名的科教基地之一，合肥共有59所大学，28所技术学校，知名大学有中国科技大学、合肥工业大学、安徽大学等，聚集较多高素质人才。基础设施完善，土地成本、厂房建设成本、劳动力成本及运

44、营成本较低，效益高，适于投资建厂。 本项目建成后，年总运输量达10500吨，其中：原料运进5000吨，辅助材料等500吨，成品油运出5000吨，平均日吞量为30吨，这将极大地带动合肥市运输服务业的繁荣，并且提供大量劳动岗位促进就业，为振兴合肥经济起较大的促进作用。 本项目投产后，在与国内外同行业的竞争中会立于不败之地，前景广阔，具有较好的经济效益和社会效益，本项目是可行的。 二、市场需求预测及拟建规模 进入90年代，全国各地陆续投产了一些较大型油脂加工厂，但到目前为止，真正建成投产的日加工能力在1000吨以上的厂不过十几家，其产量与需求还有很大差距。目前市场对油脂、豆粕的需求量很大，而内陆的一

45、些油脂加工厂由于受运输、生产规模条件的制约，无法满足市场的需求，我公司根据这一实际情况，顺应市场形势，参与规模化、国际化的市场竞争，前景非常乐观。以下是对近几年植物油加工行业的需求预测以及利润预测。 1、2010-2015年食用植物油加工行业的需求预测 2、2010-2015年食用植物油脂加工行业利润总额预测3、拟建规模本项目采用国内最先进的工艺技术，选择最先进的生产设备，在产品投产时，就高标准、严要求为创名牌，打入国际市场创造一个良好的条件。 根据生产的需要，拟建的各工程生产规模确定如下（按5000t/年大豆配置）：原料接收、工作塔：15t/d；预处理车间：15t/d；浸出车间：15t/d；

46、炼油车间：（脱胶、碱炼）：30 t/d； 主要产品：大豆油、大豆粕；全年生产日：330天,年处理大豆为5000吨，年产豆粕4000吨；精炼油：1250吨。三、资源、原材料、燃料及共用设施的情况 1、原料供应油脂加工的主要原料为大豆、菜籽，安徽省是一个农业大省，大豆平均年产100万吨，菜籽年产量约为150万吨，周边的河南、江苏、山东等省油料产量丰富，原料供应充足。运输方便或者短途运输即可满足需要量，成本降低。 2、辅助材料 本项目辅助材料主要是磷酸、烧碱、六号溶剂等，市场供应充足，可满足项目投产后的需要。 3、燃料供应 本项目投资后，燃料拟选用燃煤，预计全年耗燃煤150吨，可由市场采购解决。（可

47、部分使用天然气或者蒸汽替代，蒸汽价格：180-220元/吨，其中含损耗及税金，天然气价格为2.48元/立方米，工业用气价格可适当降低） 4、水电供应该项目建成后，需总动力约40KW（含备用设备），经济开发区电力资源丰富，电力可满足项目建成后的需求。项目建成后，每日约需生产用水10吨，其中主要水负荷浸出车间和炼油车间，在设计中采用循环供水系统，以节约用水。四、建厂条件和厂址方案 安徽省是一个土地肥沃，人口密集的内陆省份。长江，中国最长的河流，自西向东贯穿安徽省南部。安徽省是中国东西部的桥梁和中国政府“中部崛起”经济发展战略中的重要省份之一。安徽省的省会是合肥，合肥，作为长江三角洲经济区的重要城市

48、之一，起着承接长江三角经济区经济辐射和产业转移的作用。以合肥为中心的500公里半径的范围之内的各省市，共拥有中国近一半的国民生产总值和超过40%的消费市场。合肥市地处亚热带气候区，是一座全国文明的“绿色之城”合肥市四季分明，年平均气温为15.5摄氏度左右，降雨量近1000毫米，平均日照为每天5.8小时。合肥市是由住房和城市建设部批准的全国首批“园林城市”之一，2008年合肥市的绿化覆盖率达到41.5%,人均绿化面积为11.4平方米，超过同期全国城市平均绿化覆盖率水平。并且，合肥是一座拥有2000多年历史的古城，合肥古城庐州，最早起源于秦朝时期设立的合肥县。基础设施的完善与否和运营成本的高低，是

49、进行建厂或者办公室选址时所需要考虑的关键因素之一。合肥经济技术开发区拥有良好的基础设施，可以满足投资建厂的需求。开发区与国家高速公路网直接相连，道路交通便利。合肥周边有多条高等级公路经过开发区，主要包括206国道，312国道，合-徐高速公路，合-铜-黄高速公路，沪蓉高速公路等等；开发区联通贯穿全国五大铁路干线，铁路运输十分发达；开发区距中国东部三个港口均在六小时车程之内。开发区根据国家规定的工业用地出让价标准提供用地，实际成交价格需要投资商与开发区协商确定。与其他开发区相比，在合肥经济开发区建造厂房的成本相对较低。在开发区土地承载能力较好，土地承载能力达到25-30吨，适用于建设高荷承载重厂房

50、。按层高8至15米计算，一般单层轻钢结构厂房参考建设成本为每平方米700-800人民币。合肥周围有一些湖泊和水库，为开发区提供了稳定的水源供应。开发区北侧有一座自来水厂，水源来自附近拥有2.3亿立方米总库容量铺水库，目前该自来水厂每日供水量为50万吨。开发区供电能够满足开发区内企业使用需要，并逐步提高供热能力。开发区现有500KV变电站一座、220KV变电站三座、110KV变电站六座，总供电容量90万KVA。开发区使用来自中国西部能源产地输送的管道天然气。开发区的公用设施网络覆盖全区。各类管道线路均铺设至地块边缘，保证入区项目快速获得水电气等公用设施供应。与其他开发区相比，合肥开发区电价和工业

51、用水价格适中。合肥市地处亚热带气候区，是一座全国文明的“绿色之城”合肥市四季分明，年平均气温为15.5摄氏度左右，降雨量近1000毫米，平均日照为每天5.8小时。合肥市是由住房和城市建设部批准的全国首批“园林城市”之一，2008年合肥市的绿化覆盖率达到41.5%,人均绿化面积为11.4平方米，超过同期全国城市平均绿化覆盖率水平。环境适宜较好，适宜工作和生活。五、 设计方案 植物油加工工艺：原料挑选清理暂存 破碎软化轧胚蒸炒浸出湿粕烘干成品粕 湿合油蒸发汽提浸出毛油去精炼1、初清车间及立筒仓1）规模及原料 本工段为每天24小时工作，投料量为1.4t/h也可根据来料和仓储情况进行调节，筒仓采用钢结

52、构仓，储料量按450吨设计，每仓150吨，共3个，采用单排布置，便于物料的输送。原料：国产大豆以国家标准（G B 8611-88)作为设计计算依据。进口大豆以美国二号大豆作为设计计算依据。2）产品方案：本车间产品为除去粗杂的大豆。主要技术经济指标，本工段生产过程不需要水和蒸气、电耗为1.32KWt/h料。3）工艺流程说明：原料由汽车或运输机械送至卸粮处投料，经刮板输送入斗升机，提升后再经刮板机输送机送入初清筛除杂。除去粗杂的原料经刮板输送机和斗升机提升后，分别送入3个立筒仓贮存。2、预处理车间 本车间采用连续生产方式，主要用于大豆的预处理，考虑目前采购原料中土杂较多和现代工业的环保要求，在本工

53、段配有较强能力的除尘系统，以满足生产的需要。1）规模：能力为处理大豆30吨，全年生产天数为330天，每年可处理大豆1000吨2）产品方案：本车间生产半成品大豆坯，含水10%，坯片厚0.3mm。3）主要技术经济指标：水耗：l0kg/t大豆；电耗：14.lkm/t大豆；汽耗:80kg/t大豆。4）工艺流程说明：由输送设备送入车间的大豆经计量后自流入暂存箱。然后经提升流入清理筛，在此清理出大、小杂质及灰杂，再去除铁杂，经去石机去石得到初清后的大豆。 大豆初清后落入破碎机将大豆破碎成四至八瓣，然后经斗升机提升送入软化机进行软化，而后轧坯，坯片由刮板输送机和提升机送至浸出车间。 3、浸出车间本车间采用负

54、压蒸发，二次蒸汽利用新工艺，主要用于大豆的油脂浸出，也可用于其它一些油料的浸出，该车间的中间产品为浸出毛油和浸出豆粕。1）、规模及原料：日处理大豆坯30吨，年处理大豆坯10000吨，原料为大豆坯。2）、产品方案：浸出毛油：总挥发物（0.2%；浸出粕残油1.0%，水份12%，残溶700PPM。色泽正常，尿素酶0.05-0.20(PH测定法)。3）、主技术经济指标：水耗:0.6t/t料，30t/t料（循环水量）;电耗：室内7.4KWH/t料，室外3.9KWh/t料；汽耗:220kg/t料;溶剂消耗1.2kg/t料。4）工艺流程说明A、浸出工序：经预处理的大豆坯由进料刮板输送机送入浸出器料封绞龙，进

55、入浸出器，物料在浸出器中由进料口到出料口环行一周，经有递减浓度的混合油进行喷淋或浸泡，最后用新鲜溶剂喷淋后，经过一段滴干区被连续地送入湿粕刮板。最浓的混合油由泵打入旋液分离器除杂后进入混合油罐，再由一蒸喂料泵送入第一长管蒸发器。B、浸出湿粕脱溶液工序 浸出器来的含溶湿粕由湿粕刮板经料封绞龙送入DTDC蒸脱机的预脱层，底部用间接蒸汽加热，脱去部份溶剂，经预脱后的湿粕进入蒸脱层，脱去全部溶剂。脱溶粕旋转定阀定量下落到烘干层，进行去水干燥过程，使粕中水份达到要求后进冷却层，使粕温度达到需求后,由粕刮板送入粕库。C、混合油蒸发脱落工序 混合油由一蒸喂料泵从混合油罐打入第一长管蒸发，二蒸发的溶剂经分离室

56、进入真空冷疑器，使一蒸混合油中的溶剂在负压下蒸发。 一蒸浓缩后的混合油，由蒸喂料泵打入第二长管蒸器蒸发，二蒸也为负压蒸发，蒸发的溶剂汽经分离室进入真空冷疑器，混合油达到一定的温度进入汽提塔。混合油从汽提塔顶部进到塔内的碟盘中，一层层降下，同时底部喷入直接蒸汽，脱去残留溶剂。毛油由汽提塔抽出泵从塔抽出再经干燥冷却器冷却后进入毛油箱，再由毛油泵送入炼油车间。4、精炼车间本车间采用连续式生产工艺，主要用于大豆油的精炼，也可用于其它一些油脂的精炼，主要产品为一级食用油。1）规模及原料日处理毛油6吨，若年生产日316天，则年处理量为1800吨，原料为毛油，FFA 3%，杂质0.2%，水份及挥发物0.2%

57、，过氧化值10q。2）产品方案大豆一级食用油，符合国际标准。3)主要技术参数电耗：13.7KWh/t油；蒸汽消耗：平均170kg/t油；水耗：平均0.75t/t油。辅助消耗：磷酸1 kg/t油，烧碱1-2kg/t油，白土8-30kg/t油，柠檬酸0.2kg/t油。4)工艺流程说明 本车间采用连续式生产工艺，产品为国际大豆一级油。A、脱胶及碱炼工序 毛油先经过毛油过滤器，除去其中杂质。然后送至加热器，加热至一定温度后进入混合器，碱和磷酸分别定量注入其中。经高速混合后进入水化反应器中充分反应，用第一台自清式离心机进行油和皂脚分离，再利用第二台离心机分离水，分去皂水的油经过加热器调节温度后进入真空脱

58、溶干燥器，脱溶干燥后的油脂去脱色工段。B、脱色工序 干燥后的脱胶碱炼油加热后与白土混合，然后进入脱色塔脱色。脱色后的油泵入叶片过滤机进行过滤，两台过滤机交替使用实现连续生产过程。脱色清油经安全过滤后送至下道工序。C、脱臭工序待脱臭清油先进入换热器中同成品油进行换热，换热后的油经加热到脱臭要求的温度后进入脱臭塔脱臭。脱臭时油从脱臭塔上部沿各层塔板溢流而下，每层塔板通有直接蒸汽，油在高温真空下除去臭味物质。然后经过冷却器至安全温度，再抛光过滤，计量后送入成品油罐贮藏。六、环境保护 自然环境是人类赖以生存发展的基本条件，是发展物质生产的基础，为了保护环境，维护生态平衡，保障人民身体健康，必须防止工业

59、“三废”对环境的污染，环保设计方案如下：1)锅炉选用符合标准的产品，以减少灰尘对环境的污染，满足GB271-91锅炉大气污染物排放标准中的对烟气排放要求。预处理车间在设备选用采用密封性能良好的设备，在粉生逸出的地方设置吸风除尘装置，经二级除尘处理达标后排放，厂区充分绿化、净化空气。2)污水处理本项目将污水处理做为环保设计的重点，在策划建设大型油脂工厂时，对于废水处理设计应以不同工艺产生的废水量和水质、国家和省环保标准为设计依据，选用合理的处理方法和设备，要投资低、运行稳定、操作管理灵活简单。生产油脂产生的废水主要有有机物含量高、可生化性好、压榨废水中悬浮物较多等特点，根据压榨、精选和分离蛋白废

60、水不同，要先进行初步预沉淀，其次对废水拟采用化学法和生物法相结合进行处理，先采用化学凝聚法除去水中的悬浮物和其它杂质，最后用生物法进一步去除水中的有机物。废水处理工艺为三级处理，即气浮处理，厌氧和接触氧化，生物填料塔，经过三级处理后所有指标均能达到国家排放标准。3）废渣的处理 生产过程中产生的废渣多为有机物，可以进行废物利用，将废渣简单加工可作为饲料或者肥料，也可已应用于制造防潮水泥，水泥厂生产的熟料掺入植物油脂生产中的废渣，从而创造更多的价值。4)噪声污染的防治本项目的噪声污染源主要是车间除尘系统风机，离心机、空压机，锅炉用风机等，防止噪声污染的措施：在设备上选用高效低噪设备，把噪声较大的风

61、机，大功率泵等布置在单独的房间内隔噪，对于必须在强噪环境下工作的工人配备耳塞，以保护听觉不受损害。七、企业组织、劳动定员和人员培训根据企业生产规模，以及自动化、连续化程度和生产的实际需要，参照同类厂家的先进生产管理组织及劳动定员确定全厂管理人员和生产人员的人数。1）企业组织企业组织结构建立成一种紧凑的扁平化结构，减少管理层人员的数量，使企业组织灵活敏捷、高效高能。工厂实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制。企业管理机构由经理层、厂部职能部门及车间工段组成。生产过程中必需的管理职务由工人轮流担任,一些临时性的岗位,如招聘新员工等,由老员工临时抽调组成,任务完成后即解散。事业部结构为目前国外大型企业普遍采

62、用的一种组织结构。把企业的生产经营活动，按产品或地区建立事业部，每个事业部都是一个利润中心在总公司领导下实行独立核算，自负盈亏，每个事业部对总公司负有完成利润计划的责任，同时，在经营管理上拥有相应的权利。这种组织结构形式按照“政策制定与行政管理分开”的原则，总公司只保留预算，重要人事任免和方针战略等重大问题的决策权利，其他权利尽量下方。各事业部有充分的主动性和自主权。2）劳动定员全厂劳动定员100人，其中管理人员20人，生产工人80人。由于是连续生产，主生产车间采用三班制，一般设备运行一个月维修一天，投料及机修车间，油泵房为常日班制。3）人员培训企业对员工的培训分为以下几个方面：知识培训、技能

63、培训和素质培训。只有从长远角度出发，切实搞好员工的培训工作，才能实现企业与个人双赢的局面。要想获得良好的效果，首先企业要建立科学的培训系统和有效的培训计划，要切实把握好系统性、前瞻性和针对性。广泛鼓励员工参与，对不同的员工实施相应的培训定时的对培训效果进行反馈与交流。为了更好了解和掌握工艺设备的性能和操作技能，可以实行对主要生产车间操作工人、管理人员选派到国内同类厂家，对职工进行全员培训，培训时间为一个月。八、实施进度的意见施工组织分土建和设备安装两部分，安排如下：A）土建工程施工：分为两个工程环节，第一个工程环节是地基、基础工作预计施工期3个月，第二个工程环节是主体装饰工程，属常规施工方式，

64、预计施工期6个月。为组织好各专业之间的配合与施工，主要采用平行流水作业法，整个工程施工约8个月。B)设备安装：为保证整个系统的安装质量和进度，聘用专业安装人员。应加强计划，协调好各专业施工队之间的联系和配合，组织平行流水作业，以加快安装速度，预计设备安装需3个月，设备调试验收共需2个月。 九、投资估算和资金筹措1、本项目投资估算国内设备价格参考“工程建设全国机电设备价格汇编”及粮油机械设备制造厂最新报价，进口设备以国外供货商报价为主要依据。设备安装费按行业特点以设备价的百分比计算。土建工程根据建筑结构形式和面积，按当前同类建筑平均单位造价进行估算。本项目总投资3220万元，投资构成见项目投资估算表。项 目 投 资 估 算 表序 号项 目估算价值（万元）1征地费用（约5亩） 2002主要生产设施 5003基础及地上建筑 3004公用设施 805运输 406生活服务设施 507其它费用 508固定资产投资合计 12209流动资金预计 200010总投资额 32202、资金的筹措本项目总投资3220万元，资金部分由企业自筹